英検準1級の長文空所補充【独自8長文24問・6問×4セット】｜全文和訳・全選択肢解説

英検準1級の長文語句空所補充を、本番と同じ6問単位で4セット解く慶英会の独自無料教材です。完全新作の8長文・独自24問を掲載。前後の論理からhowever・neverthelessなどの逆接、unlessやprovided thatに相当する条件、this/theseの指示範囲、数字の一般化を判定する力を養います。8長文の全文和訳と24問の全選択肢解説付きです。

英検協会の現行の準1級試験内容では長文語句空所補充は2長文・計6問です。この教材はその問題数を1セットとして、独自の4セット計24問を増量したものです。公式過去問ではありません。 学習用の町・学校・調査事例は架空です。

解くときの4手順

1. 空欄の前後を日本語で説明し、対比・理由・条件・結論を仮判定する。
2. 選択肢を文法と意味の両方で除外する。
3. 空欄のある文だけでなく、前の段落と後の段落を確認する。
4. 答え合わせで正答理由と他3肢の誤りを説明する。

セット1｜長文A・Bの6問

Set 1・長文A｜地域の歴史資料をデジタル化する図書館

A regional library began scanning old newspapers to reduce the need for readers to handle fragile originals. Volunteers uploaded hundreds of images, and the director announced that the town’s historical collection had become accessible to everyone. ( 1 ), several teachers reported that some files were difficult to find because dates and place names had been recorded incorrectly. Others said that the images were hard to interpret without additional descriptions.

The library therefore trained staff to check the records and ( 2 ) clear explanations to the digital catalogue. It also asked local historians to identify uncertain dates rather than present guesses as facts.

A follow-up survey showed that more users could locate the articles they needed. However, the librarians did not assume that better search results proved a complete improvement in historical knowledge. They planned to evaluate how accurately readers could interpret the materials. The project illustrated that making images available is only one step; reliable information and ( 3 ) are equally important.

Q1・空欄1. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. Consequently
2. However
3. In addition
4. For instance

Q2・空欄2. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. exclude
2. postpone
3. add
4. destroy

Q3・空欄3. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. publicity
2. a larger building
3. a fixed publication date
4. practical accessibility

Set 1・長文B｜都市の公園での市民科学

A university invited residents to report the birds they saw in small city parks. Volunteers enjoyed the project, and the number of observations doubled during the first month. A local newspaper claimed that the city’s bird population had also doubled. Researchers said that the conclusion was ( 4 ). The number of reports could rise simply because more people were observing birds.

The university introduced a standard method that asked volunteers to record the time spent watching, the weather, and the park visited. The scientists also held workshops to help participants ( 5 ) common species correctly.

At the end of the season, one park had more recorded sightings than another. The team avoided claiming that the first park was necessarily a better habitat. Different conditions, including vegetation and noise, might affect what observers detected. Researchers concluded that community observations could be valuable ( 6 ) the information was collected consistently and interpreted cautiously.

Q4・空欄4. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. unsupported
2. essential
3. mandatory
4. identical

Q5・空欄5. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. distribute
2. imitate
3. identify
4. preserve

Q6・空欄6. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. despite
2. provided that
3. unless
4. as opposed to

セット2｜長文A・Bの6問

Set 2・長文A｜移動図書館の利用者数

A district introduced a mobile library to reach residents who lived far from the town center. The vehicle visited four neighborhoods and offered books as well as basic information about public services. During the trial, the total number of loans rose. The council welcomed the result but noted that ( 7 ) did not necessarily mean that more individual residents had gained access. A few regular visitors might have borrowed many books.

Staff therefore began recording the number of unique visitors without collecting unnecessary personal information. They also asked residents whether the timetable was ( 8 ) for people who worked irregular hours.

Several neighborhoods requested longer stops. The operator explained that extending one stop would reduce the time available elsewhere. Rather than choosing a schedule based only on the busiest location, officials compared travel needs and costs across the district. They concluded that an effective mobile library should be judged by the communities it could reach, ( 9 ) by the total books lent alone.

Q7・空欄7. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. fewer operating hours
2. more borrowed books
3. the same route
4. lower fuel prices

Q8・空欄8. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. accessible
2. hazardous
3. irrelevant
4. arbitrary

Q9・空欄9. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. as a result of
2. in contrast with
3. in order to
4. rather than

Set 2・長文B｜学校のリユース制服

A secondary school organized a uniform exchange to help families reuse clothing that remained in good condition. In the first week, many items were donated, and the school announced that participating families had already saved large amounts of money. The volunteers questioned this statement. Some uniforms were unsuitable because of their size or condition, and the number of donations did not show how many items had actually been ( 10 ).

The team created labels describing sizes and wear, and it checked that borrowed items met the school’s requirements. Staff also wanted to know whether families could visit the exchange during its opening hours. To improve access, the school offered an additional session on a weekend.

After these changes, more uniforms were taken home and used. ( 11 ), the organizers still planned to monitor cleaning and storage costs. The program was intended to support families and reduce waste, but its real benefits would depend on ( 12 ) the clothes remained useful and whether the service reached those who needed it.

Q10・空欄10. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. advertised
2. removed
3. used
4. collected

Q11・空欄11. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. Nevertheless
2. For example
3. Therefore
4. In addition to

Q12・空欄12. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. unless
2. whether
3. rather than
4. since

セット3｜長文A・Bの6問

Set 3・長文A｜気象データと学校の屋外行事

A school used weather forecasts to decide whether an outdoor science event could take place. At first, staff focused on the chance of rain. Some parents argued that any possibility of rain should automatically lead to cancellation. The principal disagreed. Weather information could help manage risk, but decisions also needed to consider wind, temperature, transport, and the ability of participants to reach safe places.

The school introduced a procedure under which officials would review the latest information ( 13 ) conditions changed. It also prepared an indoor alternative in case the event could not safely continue.

During a practice exercise, staff were able to send messages to most registered families quickly. The principal welcomed the result but noted that successful delivery did not necessarily prove that everyone ( 14 ) what action to take. The school therefore tested the wording of its instructions and asked families about any remaining barriers.

The final plan emphasized that a useful warning system connected clear information with ( 15 ), rather than simply producing as many messages as possible.

Q13・空欄13. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. even though
2. in case of
3. if
4. despite

Q14・空欄14. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. understood
2. estimated
3. recorded
4. prevented

Q15・空欄15. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. higher fees
2. a longer report
3. fewer teachers
4. practical action

Set 3・長文B｜地域食堂の食品寄付

A community kitchen began accepting suitable surplus food from nearby shops. Volunteers wanted to reduce unnecessary waste while preparing meals for residents in need. The first monthly report showed that many kilograms had been collected, and an organizer announced that the same amount had been served.

The kitchen manager corrected the claim. Some food required additional inspection, and other items could not be distributed because suitable storage was unavailable. The collected amount was therefore ( 16 ) the quantity used in actual meals.

The kitchen improved communication with shops so that surplus items could be reported earlier. It also trained volunteers to follow appropriate food-handling procedures. After these steps, more food could be used safely. ( 17 ), the project did not claim that every household in the area had received assistance.

Researchers recommended measuring three stages separately: food collected, food safely delivered, and food finally used. Such reporting would help the kitchen understand whether its changes were ( 18 ) instead of judging success by the weight collected alone.

Q16・空欄16. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. identical to
2. different from
3. equal to
4. responsible for

Q17・空欄17. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. Accordingly
2. For instance
3. Nevertheless
4. Similarly

Q18・空欄18. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. effective
2. compulsory
3. fragile
4. unrelated

セット4｜長文A・Bの6問

Set 4・長文A｜町の科学講座の参加者

A town introduced weekend science workshops for adults who wanted to learn practical skills. The first course attracted more applicants than expected. A local official announced that the workshops had already improved employment opportunities across the district. Teachers cautioned that registration numbers alone could not prove such an effect.

The school began assessing practical skills before and after each course. It also asked whether evening-shift workers could attend, since offering classes only on Saturdays might ( 19 ) some residents.

During the next term, organizers added a weekday evening option. More people completed the course, but the staff still needed to evaluate whether participants could use what they learned in their jobs. They recommended follow-up interviews rather than relying entirely on certificates.

The committee said that expanding educational opportunities could be valuable. ( 20 ), the appropriate schedule and teaching format would depend on learners’ responsibilities. The final decision should therefore be based on ( 21 ) of practical learning and accessibility, rather than the number of advertisements distributed.

Q19・空欄19. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. include
2. reward
3. exclude
4. reimburse

Q20・空欄20. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. For example
2. Therefore
3. In the same way
4. However

Q21・空欄21. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. evidence
2. publicity
3. tradition
4. guesswork

Set 4・長文B｜都市の自転車貸出制度

A city established a bicycle-sharing program near a railway station. Officials hoped that some travelers would use bicycles for short journeys rather than drive cars into crowded streets. During the first month, the number of bicycle trips increased sharply. The mayor declared that the same number of car journeys had been eliminated.

Transport researchers challenged the statement. Some customers had previously walked or taken a bus, while others might have used a bicycle they owned. The increase in rentals did not directly reveal ( 22 ) of those journeys had replaced car travel.

The city asked users about their previous transport habits and measured whether convenient parking locations were available. It also considered the needs of pedestrians and people with limited mobility, since poorly parked bicycles could block important routes.

The trial showed that the service attracted users. ( 23 ), officials could not yet establish its overall effect on congestion or emissions. They planned to assess the full travel pattern before expanding the program. The city concluded that the number of bicycle rentals was a useful activity measure, ( 24 ) a complete measure of transport benefits.

Q22・空欄22. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. where
2. why
3. how many
4. whenever

Q23・空欄23. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. Nevertheless
2. Consequently
3. For instance
4. Likewise

Q24・空欄24. Choose the best word or phrase.

1. so that
2. not necessarily
3. as well as
4. on account of

24問の正解一覧

Q1＝B／Q2＝C／Q3＝D／Q4＝A／Q5＝C／Q6＝B／Q7＝B／Q8＝A／Q9＝D／Q10＝C／Q11＝A／Q12＝B／Q13＝C／Q14＝A／Q15＝D／Q16＝B／Q17＝C／Q18＝A／Q19＝C／Q20＝D／Q21＝A／Q22＝C／Q23＝A／Q24＝B

全24問の解答・完成長文・全文和訳・誤答理由

Set 1・長文A｜地域の歴史資料をデジタル化する図書館

A regional library began scanning old newspapers to reduce the need for readers to handle fragile originals. Volunteers uploaded hundreds of images, and the director announced that the town’s historical collection had become accessible to everyone. However, several teachers reported that some files were difficult to find because dates and place names had been recorded incorrectly. Others said that the images were hard to interpret without additional descriptions.

The library therefore trained staff to check the records and add clear explanations to the digital catalogue. It also asked local historians to identify uncertain dates rather than present guesses as facts.

A follow-up survey showed that more users could locate the articles they needed. However, the librarians did not assume that better search results proved a complete improvement in historical knowledge. They planned to evaluate how accurately readers could interpret the materials. The project illustrated that making images available is only one step; reliable information and practical accessibility are equally important.

全文和訳：地域図書館は傷みやすい原本を繰り返し扱わずに済むよう古い新聞を電子化し始めた。ボランティアは何百もの画像をアップロードし、館長は町の歴史資料は全員が利用できるようになったと発表した。しかし教員の一部は日付や地名の記録に誤りがありファイルを見つけにくいと報告した。説明がなければ画像を理解しにくいという意見もあった。そのため図書館は職員に記録確認を教え、電子目録に明確な説明を追加した。地域の歴史家にも不確かな日付を事実として扱わずに特定するよう依頼した。追跡調査では必要な記事を見つけられる利用者が増えた。しかし司書は検索結果の改善が歴史理解の完全な改善を示すとは考えなかった。読者が資料を正しく解釈できるかを評価する予定だった。この事業は画像の公開は一段階にすぎず、信頼できる情報と利用しやすさも同様に重要だと示した。

Q1 正答 B：However。公開の成功と実際の検索・理解の困難を対比するためHowever。他3肢：Aは因果が逆。Cは追加関係が弱い。Dは単なる例示ではない。

Q2 正答 C：add。add explanations to the catalogue＝目録に説明を追加する。他3肢：Aは除外、Bは延期、Dは破壊で文脈に合わない。

Q3 正答 D：practical accessibility。情報を実際に探し、理解し、使えるという意味でpractical accessibility。他3肢：Aは宣伝、Bは建物、Cは日付のみで解決しない。

Set 1・長文B｜都市の公園での市民科学

A university invited residents to report the birds they saw in small city parks. Volunteers enjoyed the project, and the number of observations doubled during the first month. A local newspaper claimed that the city’s bird population had also doubled. Researchers said that the conclusion was unsupported. The number of reports could rise simply because more people were observing birds.

The university introduced a standard method that asked volunteers to record the time spent watching, the weather, and the park visited. The scientists also held workshops to help participants identify common species correctly.

At the end of the season, one park had more recorded sightings than another. The team avoided claiming that the first park was necessarily a better habitat. Different conditions, including vegetation and noise, might affect what observers detected. Researchers concluded that community observations could be valuable provided that the information was collected consistently and interpreted cautiously.

全文和訳：大学は都市の小さな公園で見た鳥を住民に報告してもらった。参加者は活動を楽しみ、最初の月に観測報告数は2倍になった。地元紙は市の鳥の個体数も2倍になったと述べたが、研究者はその結論には根拠がないと考えた。観測者が増えただけでも報告数は増えるからだ。大学は観測時間、天候、公園名を記録する標準手順を導入した。よく見られる種類を正しく識別する研修も開いた。季節の終わりには一つの公園で別の公園より多い目撃記録があったが、研究班は前者の生息環境が必ず優れているとは言わなかった。植生や騒音などの条件で見つけやすさが変わる可能性があるためだ。地域の観測は一貫した方法で収集され、慎重に解釈される場合に価値があると結論づけた。

Q4 正答 A：unsupported。個体数の増加は報告件数だけでは裏付けられないためunsupported。他3肢：Bは不可欠、Cは義務、Dは同一の意味。

Q5 正答 C：identify。鳥の種類をidentify correctly＝正確に特定する。他3肢：Aは分配、Bは模倣、Dは保存。

Q6 正答 B：provided that。価値があるための条件をprovided thatで表す。他3肢：Aは後ろに名詞句、Cは否定条件、Dは比較で不適切。

Set 2・長文A｜移動図書館の利用者数

A district introduced a mobile library to reach residents who lived far from the town center. The vehicle visited four neighborhoods and offered books as well as basic information about public services. During the trial, the total number of loans rose. The council welcomed the result but noted that more borrowed books did not necessarily mean that more individual residents had gained access. A few regular visitors might have borrowed many books.

Staff therefore began recording the number of unique visitors without collecting unnecessary personal information. They also asked residents whether the timetable was accessible for people who worked irregular hours.

Several neighborhoods requested longer stops. The operator explained that extending one stop would reduce the time available elsewhere. Rather than choosing a schedule based only on the busiest location, officials compared travel needs and costs across the district. They concluded that an effective mobile library should be judged by the communities it could reach, rather than by the total books lent alone.

全文和訳：地域は町の中心から遠くに住む住民のため移動図書館を導入した。車両は四つの地区を訪れ、本のほか公共サービスの基本情報も提供した。試行中、貸出総数は増えた。議会は結果を歓迎したが、貸出の増加は実際に利用できる住民の人数が増えたことを必ずしも示さないと認めた。少数の常連が多く借りた可能性もある。そこで職員は不必要な個人情報を集めず、異なる利用者の人数を記録し始めた。また不規則な時間に働く人にとって時刻表が使いやすいか尋ねた。複数地区が停車時間の延長を求めたが、一地区で長く停まるとほかの地区での時間が減ると運行者は説明した。当局は最も利用者が多い場所だけで予定を決めず、地区間の移動需要と費用を比較した。良い移動図書館は貸出冊数だけでなく、どの地域に届けられるかで評価すべきだと結論づけた。

Q7 正答 B：more borrowed books。貸出数の増加と、別々の利用者数を区別する。他3肢：A・C・Dは貸出件数の話とつながらない。

Q8 正答 A：accessible。不規則な勤務の人にとって利用しやすいか＝accessible。他3肢：B危険、C無関係、D恣意的。

Q9 正答 D：rather than。貸出数だけでなく地域アクセスで判断する比較はrather than。他3肢：A・Cは原因・目的、Bはここでは文法構造が整わない。

Set 2・長文B｜学校のリユース制服

A secondary school organized a uniform exchange to help families reuse clothing that remained in good condition. In the first week, many items were donated, and the school announced that participating families had already saved large amounts of money. The volunteers questioned this statement. Some uniforms were unsuitable because of their size or condition, and the number of donations did not show how many items had actually been used.

The team created labels describing sizes and wear, and it checked that borrowed items met the school’s requirements. Staff also wanted to know whether families could visit the exchange during its opening hours. To improve access, the school offered an additional session on a weekend.

After these changes, more uniforms were taken home and used. Nevertheless, the organizers still planned to monitor cleaning and storage costs. The program was intended to support families and reduce waste, but its real benefits would depend on whether the clothes remained useful and whether the service reached those who needed it.

全文和訳：中等学校はまだ状態のよい制服を再利用して家庭を支援する交換会を企画した。初週に多くの服が寄付され、学校は参加家庭がすでに大きく節約したと発表した。しかしボランティアはその主張に疑問を示した。サイズや状態が合わない制服もあり、寄付の件数では実際に使われた数は分からないからだ。班はサイズと傷みの程度を示す表示を作り、貸し出す制服が学校の条件を満たすか点検した。開場時間に家庭が来られるかも調べ、週末の追加開催を設けた。その後より多くの制服が持ち帰られて使用された。それでも主催者は洗浄と保管の費用を確認する予定だった。制度は家庭の支援と廃棄の削減を目指すが、実際の利益は服がどれほど長く役立つか、必要な家庭に届くかに左右される。

Q10 正答 C：used。実際に使われたusedという成果と寄付件数を区別。他3肢：A宣伝、B除去、D回収は利益の実現を証明しない。

Q11 正答 A：Nevertheless。使用増加という好結果の後にも費用を評価するという逆接。他3肢：B例示、C因果、Dは名詞句が必要。

Q12 正答 B：whether。whether the clothes remained useful and whether…という並列。他3肢：A否定条件、C比較、D理由で構文・意味が合わない。

Set 3・長文A｜気象データと学校の屋外行事

A school used weather forecasts to decide whether an outdoor science event could take place. At first, staff focused on the chance of rain. Some parents argued that any possibility of rain should automatically lead to cancellation. The principal disagreed. Weather information could help manage risk, but decisions also needed to consider wind, temperature, transport, and the ability of participants to reach safe places.

The school introduced a procedure under which officials would review the latest information if conditions changed. It also prepared an indoor alternative in case the event could not safely continue.

During a practice exercise, staff were able to send messages to most registered families quickly. The principal welcomed the result but noted that successful delivery did not necessarily prove that everyone understood what action to take. The school therefore tested the wording of its instructions and asked families about any remaining barriers.

The final plan emphasized that a useful warning system connected clear information with practical action, rather than simply producing as many messages as possible.

全文和訳：学校は屋外理科行事の実施可否に天気予報を用いた。初めは降水確率に注目していたが、雨の可能性があれば必ず中止すべきだという保護者もいた。校長は同意しなかった。天気情報は危険の管理に役立つが、風、気温、交通、安全な場所へ到達できるかも考える必要があった。学校は条件が変わった場合に最新情報を見直す手順を導入した。安全に続けられない場合に備え屋内の代替も用意した。訓練では登録した家庭の多くへ迅速に連絡できた。校長は結果を歓迎したが、配信に成功したことだけで全員が取るべき行動を理解したとは言えないと認めた。学校は案内の文章を試し、残る障壁について家庭へ尋ねた。最終計画は通知を大量に出すだけでなく、明確な情報と実際の行動を結びつけることを重視した。

Q13 正答 C：if。条件が変わる場合に判断を見直す通常の条件節if。他3肢：A譲歩、Bは名詞句が続く、Dも前置詞。

Q14 正答 A：understood。通知を受けても何をすべきか理解したとは限らない。他3肢：B見積り、C記録、D防止は本文の課題と合わない。

Q15 正答 D：practical action。情報の理解から安全行動につなげるpractical action。他3肢：A・B・Cは警報の目的でない。

Set 3・長文B｜地域食堂の食品寄付

A community kitchen began accepting suitable surplus food from nearby shops. Volunteers wanted to reduce unnecessary waste while preparing meals for residents in need. The first monthly report showed that many kilograms had been collected, and an organizer announced that the same amount had been served.

The kitchen manager corrected the claim. Some food required additional inspection, and other items could not be distributed because suitable storage was unavailable. The collected amount was therefore different from the quantity used in actual meals.

The kitchen improved communication with shops so that surplus items could be reported earlier. It also trained volunteers to follow appropriate food-handling procedures. After these steps, more food could be used safely. Nevertheless, the project did not claim that every household in the area had received assistance.

Researchers recommended measuring three stages separately: food collected, food safely delivered, and food finally used. Such reporting would help the kitchen understand whether its changes were effective instead of judging success by the weight collected alone.

全文和訳：地域食堂は近くの店の利用可能な余剰食品を受け入れ始めた。ボランティアは不要な廃棄を減らし、支援を必要とする住民へ食事を作りたかった。最初の月の報告では多くの重量を集め、主催者は同じ量が提供されたと発表した。しかし責任者は訂正した。一部は追加点検が必要で、適した保管がなく配れないものもあった。回収量は実際に食事へ使われた量と同じではなかった。食堂は早い段階で余剰品を知らせてもらえるよう店との連絡を改善し、職員に適切な食品取扱いを教えた。変更後、安全に使える食品が増えた。それでも全家庭が支援を受けたと主張はしなかった。研究者は回収・安全な配送・最終的な使用の三段階を別々に測るよう勧めた。回収重量だけでなく変更が役立ったかを理解できるようになるからだ。

Q16 正答 B：different from。回収量と使用量は異なる。他3肢：A・Cは同量、D責任は数量の比較に合わない。

Q17 正答 C：Nevertheless。改善があっても全家庭への効果は未確認という逆接。他3肢：A結果、B例、D類似では不十分。

Q18 正答 A：effective。実務の変更が役立っているか＝effective。他3肢：B義務、Cもろい、D無関係は評価の意味と合わない。

Set 4・長文A｜町の科学講座の参加者

A town introduced weekend science workshops for adults who wanted to learn practical skills. The first course attracted more applicants than expected. A local official announced that the workshops had already improved employment opportunities across the district. Teachers cautioned that registration numbers alone could not prove such an effect.

The school began assessing practical skills before and after each course. It also asked whether evening-shift workers could attend, since offering classes only on Saturdays might exclude some residents.

During the next term, organizers added a weekday evening option. More people completed the course, but the staff still needed to evaluate whether participants could use what they learned in their jobs. They recommended follow-up interviews rather than relying entirely on certificates.

The committee said that expanding educational opportunities could be valuable. However, the appropriate schedule and teaching format would depend on learners’ responsibilities. The final decision should therefore be based on evidence of practical learning and accessibility, rather than the number of advertisements distributed.

全文和訳：町は実用技能を学びたい成人のため週末の科学講座を導入した。最初の講座には予想以上の申込があり、職員は地域全体の雇用機会が改善したと発表した。教員は登録数だけでその効果は証明できないと注意した。学校は講座の前後に技能を測り始めた。土曜日だけの講座では夜勤者などが参加しにくい可能性も調べた。次の学期に平日夜の選択肢を追加すると修了者が増えたが、学んだ技能を職場で使えるかは依然として評価が必要だった。修了証だけでなく追跡面談を勧めた。委員会は学習機会の拡大に価値があり得ると述べたが、適した日程と形式は学習者の事情で異なるとした。広告の配布件数でなく実際の学習と参加しやすさの証拠に基づき判断すべきだと結論づけた。

Q19 正答 C：exclude。土曜開催だけでは一部の住民をexclude＝排除しかねない。他3肢：A含むは反対。B報いる、D払い戻すは意味不適切。

Q20 正答 D：However。機会の拡大を認めた後、形式は事情によると留保する逆接。他3肢：A例示、B結果、C類似ではない。

Q21 正答 A：evidence。政策判断の根拠は実際の学びとアクセスのevidence。他3肢：B宣伝、C慣習、D当て推量では測定にならない。

Set 4・長文B｜都市の自転車貸出制度

A city established a bicycle-sharing program near a railway station. Officials hoped that some travelers would use bicycles for short journeys rather than drive cars into crowded streets. During the first month, the number of bicycle trips increased sharply. The mayor declared that the same number of car journeys had been eliminated.

Transport researchers challenged the statement. Some customers had previously walked or taken a bus, while others might have used a bicycle they owned. The increase in rentals did not directly reveal how many of those journeys had replaced car travel.

The city asked users about their previous transport habits and measured whether convenient parking locations were available. It also considered the needs of pedestrians and people with limited mobility, since poorly parked bicycles could block important routes.

The trial showed that the service attracted users. Nevertheless, officials could not yet establish its overall effect on congestion or emissions. They planned to assess the full travel pattern before expanding the program. The city concluded that the number of bicycle rentals was a useful activity measure, not necessarily a complete measure of transport benefits.

全文和訳：市は駅の近くに自転車共有制度を設けた。一部の旅行者が混雑する道路へ車で入る代わりに短距離を自転車で移動することを期待した。最初の月に貸出回数が急増し、市長は同じ数の車移動がなくなったと発表した。交通研究者は異議を唱えた。以前は歩いたりバスを使ったり、自分の自転車に乗ったりしていた人もいるため、貸出の増加だけでは車移動からの乗換えが何回あったか分からない。市は利用者の以前の交通手段を尋ね、便利な駐輪場所も確認した。放置された自転車が大切な通路を塞ぐ可能性があるため、歩行者や移動に困難のある人の必要も考えた。試行では制度が利用者を集めたことが分かったが、渋滞や排出量の全体への効果は未確定だった。拡大前に移動全体を評価する予定だった。貸出回数は活動を示す役立つ数値だが交通上の利益をすべて示すものではないと市は結論づけた。

Q22 正答 C：how many。何回の移動が車から置き換わったか＝how many of those journeys。他3肢：A場所、B理由、Dいつでもで数量に合わない。

Q23 正答 A：Nevertheless。利用者増は観測済みだが効果は未確定という逆接。他3肢：B結果、C例、D類似は対比を示さない。

Q24 正答 B：not necessarily。回数は有用だが完全な指標とは限らない＝not necessarily。他3肢：A目的、C追加、D理由で論理が成立しない。

誤答原因別の復習方法

8日間の演習スケジュール

1. 1〜4日目：1日1セットずつ6問を解き、誤答3肢の理由も説明する。
2. 5日目：セット1・2の全文和訳を確認し、接続語の根拠を抜き出す。
3. 6日目：セット3・4の全文和訳と条件表現を整理する。
4. 7日目：誤答した問題のみ英文を見ながら解き直す。
5. 8日目：全24問を初見に近い状態で再演習する。

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