慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
結論：英検1級Readingでは「直接の観測」と「推論した結論」を区別し、標本・比較・調査方法・政策の決定段階を読むことが得点につながります。慶英会の独自第31セットは、短文語彙22問・長文空所6問・内容一致7問の35問、全140択の意味・根拠、4篇の英文・段落別和訳を収録した無料教材です。
英検1級の公式Reading形式は短文語句空所22・長文空所6・内容一致7問です（日本英語検定協会の試験内容）。本教材は慶英会の独自制作で、英検公式過去問ではありません。
新しいReading独自35問：Reading第32セット｜語彙22・長文空所6・内容一致7と全140択・全文和訳。防潮扉と共同貨物輸送の英文で根拠判断を練習できます。
文章の解き方
- 何を何回・どこで測ったかを区別する。
- 数字が増えた原因は実態の変化か検出技術の改善か。
- 他の原因や標本の偏りがないか検討する。
- 提案・試行・恒久的な承認は別の段階として読む。
Part A｜語彙22問・全88択
Q1. The new regulations imposed an (____) burden on small laboratories lacking administrative staff.
- A. onerous
- B. negligible
- C. sporadic
- D. conducive
Q2. A later examination revealed a (____) flaw in the argument’s central assumption.
- A. trivial
- B. fundamental
- C. peripheral
- D. temporary
Q3. The climate data appeared to (____) the earlier assumption that every district was becoming drier.
- A. corroborate
- B. illustrate
- C. contradict
- D. endorse
Q4. The apparent pattern might be (____) rather than stable over several years.
- A. immutable
- B. universal
- C. conclusive
- D. transitory
Q5. The committee adopted a (____) strategy that could change as evidence improved.
- A. flexible
- B. irreversible
- C. dogmatic
- D. obsolete
Q6. The online-only process could (____) access for residents without reliable internet.
- A. facilitate
- B. impede
- C. clarify
- D. restore
Q7. The council requested (____) evidence from independent researchers before approving expansion.
- A. anecdotal
- B. irrelevant
- C. corroborating
- D. speculative
Q8. The regional average was (____) because the sample contained only one urban neighborhood.
- A. unequivocal
- B. representative
- C. conclusive
- D. misleading
Q9. The authority sought a (____) solution to a temporary shortage rather than an expensive new building.
- A. pragmatic
- B. ornamental
- C. perfunctory
- D. arbitrary
Q10. Poor maintenance caused the instruments to (____) faster than expected.
- A. recover
- B. deteriorate
- C. flourish
- D. stabilize
Q11. The selection procedure was criticized for its (____) when identical cases received different instructions.
- A. consistency
- B. clarity
- C. inconsistency
- D. efficiency
Q12. The temporary subsidy aimed to (____) the immediate effects of rising transport expenses.
- A. intensify
- B. disregard
- C. magnify
- D. alleviate
Q13. The voluntary survey’s (____) was questioned because people unable to use the service were excluded.
- A. representativeness
- B. brevity
- C. confidentiality
- D. legality
Q14. The equipment proposal was (____) because local teams could not maintain the required devices.
- A. viable
- B. untenable
- C. transparent
- D. measurable
Q15. A rise in observed incidents is not (____) with an equal rise in actual incidents.
- A. identical
- B. mutually exclusive
- C. synonymous
- D. self-evident
Q16. The rules should be (____) to the risks, not identical in every situation.
- A. unrelated
- B. inferior
- C. redundant
- D. proportionate
Q17. The archive documented the (____) of each object through earlier ownership and corrections.
- A. provenance
- B. incentive
- C. threshold
- D. outlier
Q18. The experimental treatment produced a (____) improvement, too small to justify the investment alone.
- A. substantial
- B. marginal
- C. decisive
- D. dramatic
Q19. Changing the sampling method could (____) comparisons with the earlier report.
- A. facilitate
- B. simplify
- C. invalidate
- D. support
Q20. Small businesses regarded the detailed reporting requirement as (____).
- A. manageable
- B. optional
- C. inconsequential
- D. burdensome
Q21. The research team offered a (____) explanation without pretending that it was conclusively established.
- A. plausible
- B. fictitious
- C. incoherent
- D. arbitrary
Q22. The new experiment was intended to (____) between competing explanations of the findings.
- A. obscure
- B. distinguish
- C. combine
- D. ignore
22問の正解と全88選択肢の意味
Q1 正答 A：onerous。onerous burden＝負担が重い。 選択肢：A. onerous＝負担が重い ／ B. negligible＝ごく小さい ／ C. sporadic＝散発的な ／ D. conducive＝役立つ
Q2 正答 B：fundamental。central assumptionの根本的欠陥。 選択肢：A. trivial＝些細な ／ B. fundamental＝根本的な ／ C. peripheral＝周辺的な ／ D. temporary＝一時的な
Q3 正答 C：contradict。earlier assumptionに反するdata。 選択肢：A. corroborate＝裏付ける ／ B. illustrate＝例示する ／ C. contradict＝矛盾する ／ D. endorse＝支持する
Q4 正答 D：transitory。stableと反対のtransitory。 選択肢：A. immutable＝不変の ／ B. universal＝普遍的な ／ C. conclusive＝決定的な ／ D. transitory＝一時的な
Q5 正答 A：flexible。change as evidence improved＝flexible。 選択肢：A. flexible＝柔軟な ／ B. irreversible＝不可逆の ／ C. dogmatic＝独断的な ／ D. obsolete＝時代遅れの
Q6 正答 B：impede。ネット利用困難者のアクセスを妨げる。 選択肢：A. facilitate＝容易にする ／ B. impede＝妨げる ／ C. clarify＝明確にする ／ D. restore＝回復する
Q7 正答 C：corroborating。独立研究によるcorroborating evidence。 選択肢：A. anecdotal＝経験談的な ／ B. irrelevant＝無関係な ／ C. corroborating＝裏付ける ／ D. speculative＝推測的な
Q8 正答 D：misleading。一地域を地域平均とするmisleading。 選択肢：A. unequivocal＝明白な ／ B. representative＝代表性のある ／ C. conclusive＝決定的な ／ D. misleading＝誤解を招く
Q9 正答 A：pragmatic。pragmatic solution＝現実的な解決。 選択肢：A. pragmatic＝実用的な ／ B. ornamental＝装飾的な ／ C. perfunctory＝形式的な ／ D. arbitrary＝恣意的な
Q10 正答 B：deteriorate。保守不足によるdeteriorate。 選択肢：A. recover＝回復する ／ B. deteriorate＝劣化する ／ C. flourish＝繁栄する ／ D. stabilize＝安定する
Q11 正答 C：inconsistency。同条件で指示が異なるinconsistency。 選択肢：A. consistency＝一貫性 ／ B. clarity＝明瞭さ ／ C. inconsistency＝不一致 ／ D. efficiency＝効率性
Q12 正答 D：alleviate。alleviate rising cost burden。 選択肢：A. intensify＝強める ／ B. disregard＝無視する ／ C. magnify＝拡大する ／ D. alleviate＝緩和する
Q13 正答 A：representativeness。非利用者の欠落→代表性の問題。 選択肢：A. representativeness＝代表性 ／ B. brevity＝簡潔さ ／ C. confidentiality＝機密性 ／ D. legality＝合法性
Q14 正答 B：untenable。保守できない前提→untenable。 選択肢：A. viable＝実現可能な ／ B. untenable＝維持できない ／ C. transparent＝透明な ／ D. measurable＝測定可能な
Q15 正答 C：synonymous。not synonymous with＝同義ではない。 選択肢：A. identical＝同一の ／ B. mutually exclusive＝両立しない ／ C. synonymous＝同義の ／ D. self-evident＝自明な
Q16 正答 D：proportionate。proportionate to risks。 選択肢：A. unrelated＝無関係な ／ B. inferior＝劣った ／ C. redundant＝重複の ／ D. proportionate＝釣り合う
Q17 正答 A：provenance。ownership and source＝provenance。 選択肢：A. provenance＝来歴 ／ B. incentive＝誘因 ／ C. threshold＝基準値 ／ D. outlier＝外れ値
Q18 正答 B：marginal。small effect＝marginal。 選択肢：A. substantial＝大きな ／ B. marginal＝わずかな ／ C. decisive＝決定的な ／ D. dramatic＝劇的な
Q19 正答 C：invalidate。測定法変更で比較を無効化。 選択肢：A. facilitate＝促進する ／ B. simplify＝単純化する ／ C. invalidate＝無効にする ／ D. support＝支持する
Q20 正答 D：burdensome。人員・工数負担→burdensome。 選択肢：A. manageable＝対応可能な ／ B. optional＝任意の ／ C. inconsequential＝重要でない ／ D. burdensome＝負担の重い
Q21 正答 A：plausible。plausibleだが未確定。 選択肢：A. plausible＝もっともらしい ／ B. fictitious＝架空の ／ C. incoherent＝一貫しない ／ D. arbitrary＝恣意的な
Q22 正答 B：distinguish。distinguish between explanations。 選択肢：A. obscure＝隠す ／ B. distinguish＝区別する ／ C. combine＝合わせる ／ D. ignore＝無視する
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
塾長の経歴・指導方針
中高一貫校の英語・定期テスト・英検の学習状況を整理し、必要な復習の優先順位を考えたい方は、無料体験・学習相談のご案内をご確認ください。最大1か月完全無料体験の対象・回数・担当講師は、お申し込み時にご案内します。
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Part B｜独自長文空所6問
夜間の渡り鳥観測と自動検出
Paragraph 1. An imaginary conservation group used acoustic recorders to monitor migratory birds crossing a coastal peninsula at night. More calls were recorded than in earlier surveys, prompting claims that the bird population had increased. Researchers warned that the new equipment was more sensitive, so a higher number of (23) did not necessarily indicate an increase in birds.
Paragraph 2. Recording devices had been placed at different heights, and strong winds sometimes obscured faint calls. Specialists introduced common calibration rules and asked volunteers to record weather conditions. They also checked selected recordings manually because software occasionally classified other sounds as bird calls. These steps were designed to improve the (24) of measurements across locations.
Paragraph 3. Before proposing restrictions on construction near migration routes, the group planned a longer study of seasonal patterns and costs. Its recommendation remained (25) while the independent evaluation was under way.
Q23. Select the best expression for [23].
- A. detections
- B. restrictions
- C. doubts
- D. prohibitions
Q24. Select the best expression for [24].
- A. popularity
- B. comparability
- C. novelty
- D. scarcity
Q25. Select the best expression for [25].
- A. definitive
- B. unconditional
- C. provisional
- D. irreversible
歴史的な裁判資料の自動文字起こし
Paragraph 1. The imaginary Linwood Archive digitized historical court records. Handwritten names were sometimes transcribed incorrectly, and omitted negative words could reverse the meaning of testimony. Staff labeled automated drafts as unverified and linked them to original scans. The objective was not simply faster searching but (26) interpretation.
Paragraph 2. Some documents included personal information about families whose members were still alive. The archive reviewed donation agreements and introduced controlled access where needed. Researchers noted that preserving historical material did not automatically grant permission for unlimited online publication, so appropriate (27) protections remained important.
Paragraph 3. A pilot suggested some students became better at detecting errors, but separate source-analysis lessons occurred at the same time. The board postponed releasing the entire collection and asked for an independent evaluation before it became (28) to the public.
Q26. Select the best expression for [26].
- A. speculative
- B. accurate
- C. unrestricted
- D. inadvertent
Q27. Select the best expression for [27].
- A. publicity
- B. speed
- C. privacy
- D. uniformity
Q28. Select the best expression for [28].
- A. mandatory
- B. unnecessary
- C. temporary
- D. unrestricted
Part Bの解答と全文和訳
夜間の渡り鳥観測と自動検出
第1段落：架空の自然保護団体が夜間の鳥の鳴き声を高感度機器で観測。検出件数増は機器の性能向上による可能性があり個体数増とは限らない。
第2段落：録音位置・風・自動誤認の差を減らすため、校正・天候記録・人間の確認を導入し比較可能性を改善。
第3段落：建設規制の前に季節や費用を長期評価するため規制勧告は暫定。
Q23 正答 A：detections。高感度機器による検出数detections。
Q24 正答 B：comparability。観測法を統一する目的は比較可能性comparability。
Q25 正答 C：provisional。追加評価まで暫定のprovisional。
歴史的な裁判資料の自動文字起こし
第1段落：架空の法資料館が古い手書き裁判記録を自動文字起こし。名前の取り違えや否定語の欠落があるため未検証と表示し原本へリンク。正確な解釈を目指す。
第2段落：存命の家族に関する情報について寄贈条件と公開範囲を審査。保存は無制限公開の許諾を意味しない。
第3段落：生徒の理解は一部改善したが別授業も同時期にあり単独効果は不明。全面一般公開は独立評価後。
Q26 正答 B：accurate。原文に忠実なaccurate interpretation。
Q27 正答 C：privacy。個人情報への配慮privacy。
Q28 正答 D：unrestricted。無制限公開unrestrictedの判断を延期。
Part C｜内容一致7問・独自長文2篇
孤島の外来種と海鳥の生態系
Paragraph 1. An imaginary island called Fairholm had struggled with an introduced rodent species that damaged crops and sometimes ate native seabirds’ eggs. A conservation partnership tested a limited removal program in selected areas, while farmers and tourism operators asked how restricted access could affect their work.
Paragraph 2. During the first year, fewer rodents were detected near pilot sites, and more seabird nests appeared to survive. Some commentators called this proof of island-wide ecological recovery. Researchers cautioned that observations covered selected locations and the season was unusually mild. The results therefore did not establish that every bird population was recovering or that removal alone caused the change.
Paragraph 3. Safety monitoring was important because methods targeting rodents could have unintended effects on other species. The partnership adjusted fieldwork near popular beaches, explained temporary access restrictions, and documented complaints. Ongoing monitoring would also be needed at ports because new rodents might arrive on ships, meaning the initial pilot budget did not capture all future expenses.
Paragraph 4. The island council extended the pilot and financed comparisons with other locations before making a broader decision. It did not authorize permanent removal across the entire island. The review would examine ecological outcomes, safety, local access, and the costs of preventing reintroduction.
Q29. Why did scientists reject a claim of island-wide recovery?
- A. The evidence covered only selected sites during a mild season.
- B. No seabird nests had ever been monitored.
- C. Every native species was known to be extinct.
- D. The program already covered every part of the island.
Q30. What long-term problem was identified?
- A. All island ports had permanently closed.
- B. Rodents might arrive again on ships, requiring port monitoring.
- C. Maintenance was no longer necessary.
- D. No farmers used the affected land.
Q31. What did the council approve?
- A. Immediate permanent removal everywhere.
- B. The end of all monitoring.
- C. Another pilot period and comparisons before a wider decision.
- D. A policy ignoring the effects on non-target animals.
オープンアクセス論文と著者側の費用
Paragraph 1. An imaginary university encouraged researchers to make scholarly papers freely available to readers. Teachers and small organizations welcomed wider access, but some publishing agreements required an article processing charge. Early-career researchers and scholars without large grants could struggle to pay these fees even as paywalls for readers were removed.
Paragraph 2. The university library examined several routes, including publication agreements and depositing manuscripts in an institutional repository where contracts allowed. Staff cautioned that one publishing model was not appropriate in every field. A small assistance fund could help some authors, but its limited budget meant that every request could not automatically be granted.
Paragraph 3. Research integrity presented another issue. Openly accessible papers could still contain incorrect analyses, and wide availability did not replace peer review or later corrections. The library asked authors to document methods, funding relationships, and relevant data where responsible sharing was possible, while protecting sensitive personal information.
Paragraph 4. After a year, more papers were freely available and repository downloads increased. Evaluators warned that these figures described distribution, not necessarily quality, equal author opportunity, or practical reuse. They sought separate evidence of who could publish, ongoing expenses, independent verification, and barriers faced by readers who still could not interpret the results.
Paragraph 5. The governing board continued the policy provisionally while commissioning an independent review of fees, author access, research quality, and library maintenance. It did not promise that every article would be free to publish or that all underlying records could be shared without restrictions.
Q32. What problem could processing charges create?
- A. They automatically eliminated all library subscriptions.
- B. Less-funded researchers could struggle to publish.
- C. All publishers removed peer review.
- D. Every author paid the same share of income.
Q33. Why did the library consider different access routes?
- A. All contracts permitted unrestricted reuse.
- B. The university had banned every journal.
- C. Publishing agreements and repositories involved different conditions and costs.
- D. No researchers outside the university wanted access.
Q34. What did the increased downloads fail to demonstrate?
- A. That readers could request files.
- B. That papers were made available.
- C. That repositories needed maintenance.
- D. That research quality and author fairness had improved.
Q35. What was the final policy?
- A. Maintain provisional support while independently assessing fees, access, and integrity.
- B. Guarantee that every paper could be published at no cost.
- C. Require permanent use of one model without review.
- D. Stop all library research services.
Part Cの解答・全文和訳
孤島の外来種と海鳥の生態系
第1段落：架空のFairholm島では外来ネズミが作物や在来海鳥の卵を傷め、限られた場所で駆除試行を行った。農業・観光のアクセスに配慮が必要。
第2段落：ネズミの検出減と巣の生存改善が見られたが、調査は一部地点、季節は穏やかで島全体の回復や駆除だけの効果を断定できない。
第3段落：対象外の動物への影響と浜辺の利用を監視し、港での再侵入防止にも将来費用が必要。
第4段落：島議会は試行と比較研究を延長し、全島での恒久駆除はまだ承認していない。
Q29 正答 A：The evidence covered only selected sites during a mild season.。一部地点・気候の違い、全島には一般化できない。
Q30 正答 B：Rodents might arrive again on ships, requiring port monitoring.。船での再侵入の可能性。
Q31 正答 C：Another pilot period and comparisons before a wider decision.。限定試行延長と比較、全島恒久化は未決。
オープンアクセス論文と著者側の費用
第1段落：架空の大学が学術論文の無料閲覧を促進。しかし論文処理料がかかる方式では資金の少ない若手研究者や分野が出版しにくい問題がある。
第2段落：図書館は出版社との契約と、契約が許す場合の機関リポジトリを比較。支援金は限られ、全申請を認められない。
第3段落：無料公開されても分析に誤りがありうる。査読・訂正・手法や資金開示が必要で、機微な個人情報は保護する。
第4段落：公開数とダウンロード増は流通の拡大であって、品質・著者間の公平性・実際の再利用を証明しない。
第5段落：大学は暫定継続と掲載費・著者アクセス・科学的信頼性・維持費の独立評価を決めた。全論文の無料出版や無制限のデータ公開は保証しない。
Q32 正答 B：Less-funded researchers could struggle to publish.。資金不足の著者にとって新しい障壁。
Q33 正答 C：Publishing agreements and repositories involved different conditions and costs.。契約・掲載料・リポジトリで条件が違う。
Q34 正答 D：That research quality and author fairness had improved.。閲覧・ダウンロードと品質・公平性は別。
Q35 正答 A：Maintain provisional support while independently assessing fees, access, and integrity.。暫定継続・独立評価。
全35問の正答早見表
Q1：A ／ Q2：B ／ Q3：C ／ Q4：D ／ Q5：A ／ Q6：B ／ Q7：C ／ Q8：D ／ Q9：A ／ Q10：B ／ Q11：C ／ Q12：D ／ Q13：A ／ Q14：B ／ Q15：C ／ Q16：D ／ Q17：A ／ Q18：B ／ Q19：C ／ Q20：D ／ Q21：A ／ Q22：B ／ Q23：A ／ Q24：B ／ Q25：C ／ Q26：B ／ Q27：C ／ Q28：D ／ Q29：A ／ Q30：B ／ Q31：C ／ Q32：B ／ Q33：C ／ Q34：D ／ Q35：A
復習で確かめること
- 短文22問では誤答3語も意味を説明できるか。
- 空所6問では前後の論理関係と段落の結論を確認したか。
- 内容一致7問では選択肢の強すぎる断定・対象の拡大・決定段階の違いを検証したか。
- 初見問題で同じ読み方を再現できるか。
よくある質問
英検1級Readingは35問ですか？
現在の協会公開形式は22・6・7の35問です。受験前には公式情報も確認してください。
長文の和訳を最初から見るべきですか？
初回は英文のみで解き、採点後に和訳と根拠を確認することを推奨します。
これらの研究は実在しますか？
いいえ。島・大学・観測値は慶英会が学習用に作成した架空設定です。
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公式情報
本記事の問題・長文・和訳と解答は慶英会の独自教材です。
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保護者様の教育相談も無料で承ります。
1.学年 2. 学習目標 3.体験ご希望をお送りください。
体験の期間・回数・担当講師・日程は、ご希望と受付状況を確認してご案内します。
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する