慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検準1級のnotify・inform・alert・warn・announceは、いずれも『知らせる・伝える』と訳されますが、場面と目的が異なります。notifyは特定の人への正式通知、informは情報の提供、alertは異常・問題に注意を向ける速報、warnは危険や不利益の警告、announceは決定事項などを一般に発表することです。実際の英語では意味が重なる場面もあるため、誰に、何を、どの目的で伝えたかを慶英会の独自40課題で学びます。
英検準1級Readingの短文語句空所は18問・4肢選択です。今回の教材は短文の場面判断20問・英文書き換え8問・長文12問で、公式過去問の転載ではありません。記事内の公共施設・通知・事例はすべて慶英会が独自に作成した設定です。
5語の意味と使い分け
notify applicants of a decision＝応募者へ決定を通知する。inform visitors about facilities＝来訪者へ施設を案内する。alert staff to an unusual reading＝異常値を職員へ知らせて注意を促す。warn people about a hazard＝危険を警告する。announce an opening date＝開館日を対外発表する。notifyとinformは重なり得ますが、正式な個別通知と日常的な情報提供は区別すると理解しやすくなります。
学習方法
Q1〜Q20は単語のみの穴埋めではなく、各場面で最も適切な『コミュニケーションの役割』を選ぶ問題です。4択の英文を確認してから、Q21〜Q28で連語を使い、長文では同じ施設の中で通知・警告・公表がどう使い分けられるかを読みます。
Part A｜場面を読み分ける独自20問
Q1. Each accepted applicant received an official message giving the decision. What did the office do?
A. Notify applicants of their admission decision
B. Publish a public warning about a hazard
C. Tell the press that the center was opening
D. Review applicants without communicating
Q2. The public museum sent a formal notice to ticket holders that an event had been canceled. Which action fits?
A. Warn pedestrians about a broken railing
B. Notify ticket holders of the cancellation
C. Announce a completely unrelated concert
D. Ask visitors to apply again without notice
Q3. After reviewing a formal application, a council emailed the individual applicant its final decision. What happened?
A. The council issued a general public announcement about the weather
B. The council detected a sensor problem but remained silent
C. The council notified the applicant of the decision
D. The council asked the applicant to prepare the policy
Q4. The library was required to send individual account holders formal notice before changing their access privileges. Which description is accurate?
A. Warn the whole town about a coming storm
B. Announce the building’s architecture exhibition
C. Release visitor records publicly
D. Notify account holders of the change
Q5. A teacher explained to the class how to use the new reading materials without making any urgent announcement. What did she do?
A. Informed students about the materials
B. Warned students about an immediate threat
C. Sent formal acceptance letters to all applicants
D. Announced an election result
Q6. A center answered parents’ questions about the timetable and explained where each activity would take place. What was its main purpose?
A. To alert police to an emergency
B. To inform parents about arrangements
C. To warn that every class was unsafe
D. To announce an unrelated change in leadership
Q7. A librarian told visitors that paper guides were still available in addition to audio recordings. Which action is best?
A. Alerting visitors to a gas leak
B. Notifying each applicant of a selection result
C. Informing visitors about the available formats
D. Warning visitors not to enter a hazardous site
Q8. The school provided an explanatory document about how its new booking system worked. What did it aim to do?
A. Warn users of a confirmed fire
B. Notify only rejected applicants of a decision
C. Announce a national law
D. Inform users about the procedure
Q9. A device sent an immediate signal to technicians when a sensor recorded an unusual temperature. What did it do?
A. Alerted technicians to an unusual reading
B. Announced a future festival date
C. Informed parents about reading lists
D. Notified applicants of admission
Q10. A transit app displayed a real-time message about an unexpected road closure. Which function is central?
A. Explaining the history of public transport
B. Alerting passengers to a disruption
C. Sending a final admission decision
D. Announcing a permanent law
Q11. The laboratory system flashed a red light when its ventilation readings moved outside a permitted range. It was designed to…
A. Inform the class about a museum schedule
B. Notify each guest of a refund
C. Alert staff to abnormal conditions
D. Announce a new art exhibition
Q12. A park’s monitoring system immediately contacted rangers after detecting ground movement near a trail. What action occurred?
A. The system approved a new construction plan
B. The system explained a library policy
C. The system announced a concert date
D. The system alerted rangers to movement
Q13. A sign told visitors not to touch an unstable structure because it might collapse. What was its purpose?
A. To warn visitors of a physical danger
B. To inform visitors about ordinary opening hours
C. To notify applicants that they were accepted
D. To announce a new membership offer
Q14. The guide cautioned hikers against entering a closed section because of falling rocks. What did the guide do?
A. Informed them about the price of tickets
B. Warned hikers against entering the area
C. Announced a future sports event
D. Notified a selection committee of applications
Q15. A pharmacist explained that the instructions on a label included a serious risk and asked customers to read them carefully. What is emphasized?
A. Publishing a timetable for a seminar
B. Announcing a new branch opening
C. Warning customers about a risk
D. Notifying unsuccessful job applicants
Q16. Safety staff placed signs saying that wet flooring could cause falls. Their aim was to…
A. Record visitor attendance
B. Announce ticket discounts
C. Notify members of annual fees
D. Warn people about a possible hazard
Q17. At a press conference, the mayor publicly stated the opening date of a new library. What did the mayor do?
A. Announced the opening date
B. Privately notified one applicant of a decision
C. Alerted technicians to an abnormal sensor reading
D. Warned hikers about loose rocks
Q18. The orchestra posted the confirmed concert program on its public website for all visitors. It…
A. Traced a damaged instrument
B. Announced the concert program
C. Warned residents about a fire
D. Sent a private rejection letter
Q19. The university formally made the winners of a public design competition known at its ceremony. What did it do?
A. Informed a single pupil how to borrow a book
B. Alerted a technician to a leak
C. Announced the winners
D. Warned people about broken glass
Q20. After the committee approved the date, the museum made it public through a news release. It…
A. Warned one visitor about a personal hazard
B. Reported an unconfirmed rumor as a certainty
C. Screened applicants without saying anything
D. Announced the date
Part A｜全解答・和訳・根拠
A1. A Notify applicants of their admission decision。和訳：採用された各申込者へ個別に正式決定を通知した。 解説：notify individuals formally about a specific decision。
A2. B Notify ticket holders of the cancellation。和訳：行事中止をチケット保有者へ正式通知した。 解説：notify ticket holders of cancellation。
A3. C The council notified the applicant of the decision。和訳：審査後、議会は申込者個人へ最終決定を伝えた。 解説：特定相手への正式連絡。
A4. D Notify account holders of the change。和訳：図書館は利用権限の変更前にアカウント保有者へ正式な通知を送る必要があった。 解説：notify someone of a change。
A5. A Informed students about the materials。和訳：教師は緊急性のない教材の使い方を説明した。 解説：inform someone about a fact or procedure。
A6. B To inform parents about arrangements。和訳：施設は時間割や開催場所を保護者へ説明した。 解説：一般的な情報提供であるinform。
A7. C Informing visitors about the available formats。和訳：図書館員は紙と音声の選択肢を利用者へ案内した。 解説：情報を知らせるinform。
A8. D Inform users about the procedure。和訳：学校は予約システムの手順を説明する文書を提供した。 解説：手順を知らせるinform。
A9. A Alerted technicians to an unusual reading。和訳：センサーに異常値が出た際、装置が技術者へ直ちに注意喚起した。 解説：alert someone to a potential problem。
A10. B Alerting passengers to a disruption。和訳：交通アプリは道路閉鎖という突然の障害へ利用者の注意を向けた。 解説：unexpected risk/disruptionに注意喚起するalert。
A11. C Alert staff to abnormal conditions。和訳：換気数値が基準から外れると赤い警報灯が点く。 解説：機器からの即時の注意喚起alert。
A12. D The system alerted rangers to movement。和訳：登山道近くの地盤移動を検知し巡視員へ即時に知らせた。 解説：alert to movement。
A13. A To warn visitors of a physical danger。和訳：倒壊の可能性がある構造物に触れないよう警告した。 解説：warn someone of a danger。
A14. B Warned hikers against entering the area。和訳：落石のため閉鎖区画に入らないよう登山者へ警告した。 解説：warn someone against doing。
A15. C Warning customers about a risk。和訳：説明ラベルに重大なリスクがあると注意を促した。 解説：warn about a risk。医療判断を行う課題ではない。
A16. D Warn people about a possible hazard。和訳：濡れた床による転倒危険を警告する標識を出した。 解説：warn about a possible hazard。
A17. A Announced the opening date。和訳：市長は記者会見で新図書館の開館日を公表した。 解説：announce a date publicly。
A18. B Announced the concert program。和訳：オーケストラは確認済み演目を一般向けに発表した。 解説：announce a program。
A19. C Announced the winners。和訳：大学は公開の式典で設計競技の受賞者を発表した。 解説：announce winners in public。
A20. D Announced the date。和訳：委員会が日程を承認した後、博物館はニュースリリースで公表した。 解説：announcementは対外的な公表。
Part B｜独自和文英訳8問
Q21. 「申込者へ正式な結果を通知した」をnotifyで書く。
Q22. 「来館者へ新しい案内方法を知らせた」をinformで書く。
Q23. 「監視装置が職員へ異常値を知らせた」をalertで書く。
Q24. 「係員は落石の危険を登山者に警告した」をwarnで書く。
Q25. 「館長は新しい開館日を公表した」をannounceで書く。
Q26. 「緊急警告と一般的な情報提供は目的が異なる」と書く。
Q27. 「正式に通知したことと、相手が申請を承認したことは違う」と書く。
Q28. 「市は計画を検討中であり、開館日をまだ発表していない」と書く。
Part B｜模範英文と語法の説明
A21. The office notified applicants of the final decision. 解説：notify A of Bの語法。
A22. Staff informed visitors about the new guidance system. 解説：inform A about B。
A23. The monitoring device alerted staff to an unusual reading. 解説：alert A to B。
A24. The ranger warned hikers about the risk of falling rocks. 解説：warn A about/of B。
A25. The director announced the new opening date. 解説：announce a date。
A26. An urgent warning serves a different purpose from providing general information. 解説：危険回避と通常案内を分ける。
A27. Notifying a person of a decision is different from approving an application. 解説：通知と意思決定の主体を分ける。
A28. The city is still considering the plan and has not yet announced an opening date. 解説：検討と発表済みを混同しない。
Part C｜独自長文3題・12問と全文和訳
長文1｜公民館の予約案内と緊急警告
A community center planned an evening event. Staff informed visitors about the available rooms and sent official notices to applicants who had reserved places. A manager announced the confirmed event date on the public website. During preparation, a sensor alerted technicians to an unusual temperature in an equipment room. Technicians checked the equipment and warned staff not to enter that room until it had been inspected. The center did not cancel the whole event; only the equipment room remained closed. Staff sent another notice to affected participants explaining the change.
【全文和訳】公民館は夜間行事を計画した。職員は利用者へ部屋の選択肢を案内し、予約した申込者へ正式な通知を送った。管理者は確定した開催日をサイトで公表した。準備中にセンサーが機器室の異常温度を検出して技術者へ警報を送り、技術者は点検まで入室しないよう職員へ警告した。行事全体は中止せず機器室だけ閉鎖し、影響を受ける参加者へ変更を通知した。
Q29. What did the manager announce publicly?
Q30. What alerted technicians to a problem?
Q31. What did staff warn people not to do?
Q32. Was the entire event canceled?
長文の全解答・英文根拠
A29. The confirmed event date. 解説：一般への公表。
A30. A sensor detecting an unusual temperature. 解説：異常値の即時通知。
A31. Enter the equipment room before inspection. 解説：危険の可能性に対する警告。
A32. No. Only the equipment room remained closed. 解説：部分的な変更と全体中止は違う。
長文2｜交通アプリの運行情報と正式発表
A town introduced a bus information service. The office informed passengers about the normal timetable through printed notices. When a road closed unexpectedly, the app alerted users to the disruption. Officials warned drivers that the affected road could be unsafe for heavy vehicles until an inspection was completed. The transport authority later announced a revised timetable after confirming which routes could operate. Registered passengers also received individual notifications of changes to their existing reservations. The officer emphasized that a real-time alert about a possible disruption was not the same as a formal announcement that all services had been canceled.
【全文和訳】町はバス情報サービスを導入し、紙の通知で通常の時刻表を案内した。突然の道路閉鎖時にはアプリが運行障害に注意を促し、担当者は重い車両にとって道路が危険かもしれないと運転手に警告した。運行可能な路線を確認してから当局は修正版時刻表を正式に公表し、登録済み利用者へ個別の予約変更通知も送った。障害の可能性の警報と全運行中止の正式発表は異なる。
Q33. What provided routine timetable information?
Q34. What alerted users to an unexpected disruption?
Q35. What did officials warn drivers about?
Q36. What was publicly announced after route checks?
長文の全解答・英文根拠
A33. Printed notices from the office. 解説：通常の情報提供。
A34. The bus information app. 解説：リアルタイムの注意喚起。
A35. Possible danger for heavy vehicles on the road. 解説：危険を伝える警告。
A36. A revised timetable. 解説：確認済みの運行情報の公表。
長文3｜博物館の展示変更と来館者への説明
A museum planned to reopen a small exhibition room after repairs. Staff informed visitors that the room was still closed during the final inspection. Once the director approved the reopening date, the museum announced it publicly. People with existing tour bookings were notified individually of any schedule changes. On opening day, an alarm alerted the maintenance team to a problem with a nearby display case. Technicians warned visitors not to approach that case until staff had checked it. The museum left the rest of the exhibition open. The director later explained that the alarm did not prove that every display was dangerous.
【全文和訳】博物館は修理後の小展示室の再開を計画した。最終点検中はまだ閉室だと来館者へ説明した。館長が再開日を承認した後、博物館は一般へ公表し、予約済みの利用者には時間変更を個別通知した。開館日に近くの展示ケースに警報が出て保守担当へ注意喚起され、技術者は点検までケースに近づかないよう警告した。他の展示は開けたままで、警報が全展示の危険を証明したわけではない。
Q37. When was the reopening date announced?
Q38. Who received individual schedule notifications?
Q39. What did the alarm alert maintenance staff to?
Q40. Did the director say all displays were dangerous?
長文の全解答・英文根拠
A37. After the director had approved it. 解説：承認後の公表。
A38. Visitors who already had tour bookings. 解説：特定対象への正式な通知。
A39. A problem with a nearby display case. 解説：異常の注意喚起。
A40. No. The alarm concerned one case. 解説：部分的な問題を全体に拡大しない。
重要：警報は事故の確定ではない
The system alerted staff to an unusual reading. という英文は異常値を知らせたことを意味しますが、具体的な事故が起きたと証明したわけではありません。warn visitors about a possible danger も潜在的な危険に注意を促す表現です。日時のannouncementを聞いたからといって、全ての変更が確定したとは限りません。
7日間の復習
1日目：5語の主語と目的語を整理。2日目：Q1〜10の場面判断。3日目：Q11〜20。4日目：英作文Q21〜24。5日目：英作文Q25〜28。6日目：長文3題で情報提供・警報・公表を分類。7日目：公式準1級の長文とリスニングで主語・通知手段・時点を照合します。
FAQ｜notifyとinformは交換できますか？
場合によって交換可能です。notifyは正式な通知や特定の対象への連絡でよく使われ、informは事実・情報を伝える広い動詞です。文の連語と状況で選択しましょう。
FAQ｜alertとwarnはいつも違いますか？
重なりがあります。alertは注意を迅速に向けること、warnは危険や不利益について警告することを強調します。アラートが出ても具体的な危険が確定したとは限りません。
関連無料教材
新聞・専門家・行政の発言者を読む30課題 ／ Part1の遠回しな断り・保留40課題 ／ 草案・提出・承認・実施・規則執行40問
英検協会の公式情報
準1級の試験内容 ／ 過去問・対策。掲載した全事例は慶英会の独自教材です。
慶英会の無料体験・学習相談
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慶英会の関連無料教材：通知・担当・期限を実際の会話から聞き分ける独自40課題。設問の根拠と全解答を照合して復習してください。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する