英検2級refund・return・exchange・reimburse・compensateの違い｜返金・交換・補償の独自4長文40問【全訳】

refund・return・exchange・reimburse・compensateの違い

誰が何を受け取ったのか、代金が戻ったのか、別の商品が届いたのか、追加損失に対する金銭なのかを区別して読むことが重要です。また、申請を受け付けたことと返金・補償が承認されたことは別です。

長文1｜家電店の返品・返金・交換

A local electronics shop introduced a return policy for small devices. Customers may return an unused item within fourteen days of purchase if they have proof of payment. In this case, return means bringing the item back to the store. It does not automatically mean the store has already sent money back.

Once staff have checked an eligible return, customers may request a refund to their original payment method. The shop usually processes refunds within five business days. A refund is the return of money already paid, whereas an exchange means receiving a different item in place of the original one.

A student bought a desk lamp on April 3. Its switch did not work, so the student visited the store on April 6 and asked for an exchange. The shop had the same model in stock and gave the student a replacement lamp. No money was refunded because the student chose an exchange.

Another customer bought a portable fan but changed their mind without using it. Staff accepted the return and approved a refund. The customer should not describe the money as compensation for damage: the fan had not caused any loss. The shop’s published rules explain these options, but individual transactions still require staff to check the relevant conditions.

独自4択10問

問1：What does return primarily describe in this policy?

1. Bringing a purchased item back to the shop
2. Receiving money from an insurer
3. Buying an additional product
4. Getting a refund that has already been processed

問2：When may an unused item normally be returned?

1. Only within two days
2. Within fourteen days with proof of payment
3. At any time without proof
4. Only after one year

問3：What does refund mean in the passage?

1. A new item at no cost
2. An explanation of damage
3. Money paid being returned
4. An application to exchange models

問4：How long does the shop usually take to process a refund?

1. Fourteen calendar days
2. One hour
3. A month
4. Five business days

問5：What does exchange mean?

1. Receiving another item instead of the original
2. Paying back travel expenses
3. Receiving compensation for injury
4. Submitting a receipt only

問6：Why did the student return the lamp?

1. Its price was too low
2. Its switch did not work
3. It was used for a year
4. Its color changed in the sunlight

問7：What did the student receive?

1. A full cash refund
2. A different brand of computer
3. A replacement lamp of the same model
4. A voucher for transportation

問8：Why was there no refund for the student?

1. The shop had closed
2. The receipt was missing
3. The student was not allowed inside
4. The student chose an exchange

問9：What happened with the unused fan?

1. The return was accepted and a refund approved
2. It caused financial damage
3. It was exchanged for a lamp
4. The shop refused to check it

問10：Which description of the fan refund is inaccurate?

1. A payment reversal
2. Compensation for damage caused by the fan
3. Money returned after an approved return
4. A refund to the customer

長文2｜延期された講座の交通費｜refundとreimburse

A regional education center arranged a weekend presentation workshop. Twenty students paid a registration fee of $25 each. A severe storm damaged the event hall, and the center canceled the workshop before any lessons had taken place. It announced that it would refund the full registration fee to all participants.

Some participants had also purchased train tickets. The center offered to reimburse documented, nonrefundable travel expenses of up to $40 per person. To be reimbursed, a student had to submit a receipt and proof that the ticket could not be refunded by the railway. The offer did not cover meals or souvenirs.

One student paid $25 for registration and $32 for a nonrefundable train ticket. The center returned the $25 participation fee as a refund and reimbursed $32 of the travel cost after checking the documents. The student therefore received $57 in total, but the two payments served different purposes.

Another student had a train ticket that the railway refunded in full. That student received the workshop fee back but was not reimbursed for a travel cost that had already been returned by the railway. The center was not making a general promise to pay for all travel arrangements. Its reimbursement policy had a limit and specific conditions.

独自4択10問

問11：Why was the workshop canceled?

1. The hall was damaged by a severe storm
2. No students had registered
3. The speaker wanted a different topic
4. All train stations were closed for a year

問12：What did the center refund to all participants?

1. Their souvenir expenses
2. The $25 registration fee
3. All future course fees
4. The total price of every meal

問13：What does reimburse mean in the travel policy?

1. Exchange a ticket for a different date
2. Pay an extra registration fee
3. Repay eligible documented travel expenses
4. Provide a new textbook

問14：What was the maximum reimbursement per person?

1. $25
2. $32
3. $57
4. $40

問15：What documents were required for travel reimbursement?

1. A receipt and proof the ticket could not be refunded
2. A school report card
3. A photograph of the event hall only
4. An application without any evidence

問16：Which expense was not included?

1. Nonrefundable train fares
2. Meals and souvenirs
3. Documented tickets within the limit
4. Eligible transport expenses

問17：How much did the first student receive in total?

1. $32
2. $40
3. $57
4. $65

問18：Why were the student’s two payments categorized differently?

1. Both paid for the same book
2. Both were compensation for damage
3. Neither had documentation
4. One refunded a course fee; the other repaid travel costs

問19：Why didn’t the second student receive travel reimbursement?

1. The railway had already refunded the ticket
2. The student had no registration fee
3. The student attended the canceled workshop
4. The center refunded no one

問20：What was true of the center’s policy?

1. Every possible cost was covered
2. The travel payment had conditions and a limit
3. The program guaranteed new travel tickets
4. No receipts were ever required

長文3｜宅配品の損傷｜replaceとcompensate

A town museum ordered protective cases for fragile maps. A delivery company transported ten cases from a supplier, but two arrived with broken locks. Staff immediately reported the damage and took photographs of the packages. They did not place historical materials inside the damaged cases because the locks could not be trusted.

The supplier offered to replace the two defective cases. This meant sending new cases instead of the damaged ones, not automatically returning all the money the museum had spent. The delivery company also agreed to compensate the museum for verified additional handling costs caused by the damaged shipment, subject to its published claims policy.

The museum paid an extra $60 to store the maps safely while waiting for the replacement cases. It submitted invoices supporting that expense. After reviewing the documents, the delivery company agreed to pay the verified $60. This payment was compensation for an additional loss, while the new cases were replacements for defective goods.

The museum kept records of both actions. The director warned that compensation should not be described as an ordinary price refund when the payment addresses a separate loss. Staff also emphasized that a claim must be examined before an amount is approved. Receiving an acknowledgment of a complaint is not the same as approval of compensation.

独自4択10問

問21：How many protective cases arrived with broken locks?

1. Two
2. Ten
3. Eight
4. Sixty

問22：What did staff do after discovering the damage?

1. Use the cases immediately
2. Report the damage and take photographs
3. Throw away the historical maps
4. Pay the supplier an extra fee

問23：What did the supplier offer?

1. A refund for every museum purchase
2. A new building
3. Replacement cases for the two damaged ones
4. A different exhibition

問24：What did replace mean in this situation?

1. Pay for every repair in the town
2. Approve a travel reimbursement
3. Refund the price of all ten cases
4. Send new cases instead of the broken ones

問25：What loss did the museum incur while waiting?

1. An additional $60 storage expense
2. A $60 registration fee
3. A canceled trip for ten students
4. A loss of all maps

問26：What evidence supported the extra expense?

1. A personal diary
2. Invoices documenting the storage cost
3. A school timetable
4. An unrelated advertisement

問27：What payment did the delivery company approve?

1. A full refund for ten cases
2. A $600 annual scholarship
3. $60 as compensation for verified costs
4. A new museum membership

問28：How does the compensation differ from replacement?

1. Both are refunds for the same fee
2. The compensation provides a new case
3. The replacement repays storage expenses
4. Compensation addresses a separate loss; replacement supplies goods

問29：Which action was not automatically guaranteed by a complaint acknowledgment?

1. Approval of compensation
2. Recording the damaged cases
3. Reporting the problem
4. Sending an initial message

問30：What did the director warn against?

1. Checking claims
2. Calling a separate damage payment an ordinary purchase refund
3. Inspecting broken locks
4. Keeping written records

長文4｜文化イベントのチケット｜refund・exchange・compensation

A city cultural center sold tickets for a weekend music performance. Adult tickets cost $18 and student tickets cost $10. Two days before the event, a problem with the stage lighting forced the organizers to move the performance to a later date. The center emailed all ticket holders and offered three options.

First, customers could keep their tickets for the rescheduled performance. Second, they could exchange a ticket for another available event of the same price, subject to capacity. Third, they could request a refund of the ticket price. A refund request had to be made by the published deadline, and the center would return approved payments to the original payment method.

One student had bought a $10 ticket and was unavailable on the new date. The student chose a refund and received $10 back. Another customer exchanged an $18 ticket for a different event. That customer did not receive money back because the exchange was for an event of the same price.

Several visitors asked whether the center would reimburse taxi fares. The organizers explained that travel expenses were not covered under the event’s published terms. They also did not promise additional compensation for disappointment or lost leisure time. The story is a fictional practice case; actual consumer rights depend on relevant laws and the provider’s lawful terms.

The center recorded the number of refunds and exchanges to see which alternatives were useful. It did not consider every ticket holder to have attended the rescheduled event.

独自4択10問

問31：Why was the concert rescheduled?

1. A stage-lighting problem
2. A lack of ticket buyers
3. All musicians moved abroad
4. The hall permanently closed

問32：What was one option for ticket holders?

1. Buy the ticket again at full price
2. Use the same ticket on the new date
3. Receive guaranteed taxi reimbursement
4. Automatically enter every future concert

問33：Under what condition could a ticket be exchanged?

1. Only after attending the original concert
2. If its owner bought a taxi ticket
3. An available event of the same price and sufficient capacity
4. If the holder had never paid

問34：How would approved refunds be paid?

1. By giving every visitor a free meal
2. By sending a different instrument
3. Only as cash at the door
4. To the original payment method

問35：How much was the student ticket?

1. $10
2. $18
3. $28
4. $8

問36：What did the student who could not attend choose?

1. An exchange for an adult ticket
2. A $10 refund
3. An extra taxi ride
4. An additional course

問37：Why did the customer with an $18 ticket get no money back?

1. The ticket had never been purchased
2. The performance had already started
3. It was exchanged for an event of equal price
4. The customer had lost the ticket

問38：What was said about taxi fares?

1. They were automatically reimbursed to everyone
2. They were included in every ticket
3. They could be exchanged for meals
4. They were not covered under the stated terms

問39：Was additional compensation for disappointment promised?

1. No
2. Yes, to all visitors
3. Only to students
4. Yes, as a fixed $100 payment

問40：What did the center record after the change?

1. Every visitor’s home address
2. The numbers of refunds and exchanges
3. Only the weather forecast
4. The number of people who owned musical instruments

全40問の正答一覧

長文1：1A／2B／3C／4D／5A／6B／7C／8D／9A／10B

長文2：11A／12B／13C／14D／15A／16B／17C／18D／19A／20B

長文3：21A／22B／23C／24D／25A／26B／27C／28D／29A／30B

長文4：31A／32B／33C／34D／35A／36B／37C／38D／39A／40B

7日間の復習

初日に4長文を解き、2日目にreturnとrefund、3日目にexchangeとreplace、4日目にreimburseとcompensate、5日目に支払条件・数字の確認、6日目に各語を使った英文作成、7日目に誤答だけを解き直します。

よくある質問

returnしたら必ずrefundされますか？

いいえ。returnは品物を返すことです。返金されるかどうかは文中の規則や条件によります。

reimburseとrefundの違いは何ですか？

reimburseは対象費用の立替精算などに、refundは既に支払った商品の代金や参加費の返金などに使われます。実際の用法は文脈で確認します。

交換だけでなく金銭を受け取った場合は？

どの費目に対する支払なのかを読みます。新しい品を受け取るreplacementと別損失へのcompensationは同一ではありません。

この問題は公式過去問ですか？

いいえ。慶英会オリジナルの教材です。実際の返金ルールは各提供者の有効な条件や法令を確認してください。

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