英検2級instead of・rather than・unlike・compared withの違い｜選択・比較を読む独自4長文40問【全訳】

instead of・rather than・unlike・compared withの違い

instead ofの後には名詞や動名詞がよく来ます。rather thanの後は前後の文の形と並列関係を確かめてください。compared withが示す基準は人数、期間、費用など同じ対象・単位であるか注意が必要です。

長文1｜学校図書室の紙と電子教材

A secondary school is comparing printed workbooks with digital exercises. The school does not plan to stop using paper completely. Instead of replacing all printed materials, it wants teachers to offer digital exercises when students need immediate feedback.

Unlike printed workbooks, digital exercises can show an explanation as soon as a student selects an answer. However, some students find it easier to concentrate on paper. The school therefore plans to provide both types rather than require every student to use a device.

Compared with the previous year, the school used 15 percent fewer printed practice sheets during a two-month trial. This was a comparison of sheet counts, not proof that students learned 15 percent more. Teachers also had to spend time checking devices and helping students with connection problems.

A survey showed that some students preferred printed texts, whereas others liked being able to repeat digital questions. The school is collecting more feedback before deciding how often to use each format. It has not approved a permanent paper-free policy.

独自4択10問

問1：What does instead of replacing all printed materials mean?

1. The school does not intend to replace every printed item
2. Every printed book has already been removed
3. Teachers must use only digital exercises
4. The school has banned writing on paper

問2：What do digital exercises offer that paper workbooks may not?

1. No need for any teacher
2. Immediate explanations after answering
3. A guarantee of higher exam scores
4. Permanent access without devices

問3：What will the school offer rather than require devices?

1. Only a printed worksheet
2. A ban on all electronic tools
3. Both paper and digital materials
4. A device for every person to purchase

問4：What did the 15 percent reduction measure?

1. Students’ exam scores
2. The number of teachers
3. The number of new devices
4. Printed practice-sheet counts

問5：What was the comparison period?

1. A two-month trial compared with the previous year
2. A ten-year study of all schools
3. One afternoon without computers
4. A comparison with another country

問6：Which conclusion is NOT supported by the sheet count?

1. The school used less paper
2. Students learned 15 percent more
3. The school ran a trial
4. Teachers supported some device use

問7：What problem did digital use create for staff?

1. The complete loss of all printed books
2. No need for technical support
3. Device checks and connection assistance
4. Automatic grading of every written essay

問8：What was true about student preferences?

1. Everyone preferred digital
2. No one used printed materials
3. Every student rejected devices
4. Preferences differed between students

問9：What has not been permanently approved?

1. A paper-free policy
2. Offering any digital exercises
3. Gathering student feedback
4. Printing practice sheets

問10：What does compared with express in this passage?

1. A legal restriction on printing
2. A comparison between periods
3. A reason to cancel a class
4. Permission to publish student data

長文2｜地域交通の徒歩・自転車・小型バス

A town is studying how students and older residents travel between a residential area and a public clinic. Some people walk, while others cycle. Unlike bicycles, a small community bus could serve certain passengers who cannot ride safely.

The town is considering a temporary bus service rather than building a new parking area. Officials believe testing demand may provide useful information before they commit to construction. Instead of promising permanent service, the council has approved a three-month trial only.

Compared with the existing walking route, the proposed bus route would cover a longer distance but include stops closer to the clinic. Officials have not yet measured whether it would save time for every user. Waiting for a bus and walking to a stop can affect the total journey.

Residents who prefer cycling have asked the town to improve bicycle parking rather than remove spaces for bicycles. The council will study these requests alongside the bus trial. Officials have not claimed that introducing a bus will automatically reduce every household’s transport spending.

独自4択10問

問11：What does unlike bicycles introduce?

1. A difference between bicycles and buses
2. A claim that buses and bicycles are identical
3. A promise that cycling will be banned
4. A comparison of bicycle prices only

問12：Whom might a small bus help?

1. Only those who own cars
2. Some people who cannot cycle safely
3. Only professional cyclists
4. Every resident without exception

問13：What is the town considering rather than new parking construction?

1. A permanent train line
2. More parking without a trial
3. A temporary bus service
4. Closing the clinic

問14：What did the council approve?

1. New permanent parking
2. A permanent daily bus forever
3. Every household’s fuel costs
4. Only a three-month bus trial

問15：What does instead of promising permanent service emphasize?

1. The town did not guarantee permanent operation
2. The town already purchased ten buses
3. Every trip is free
4. The bus route is fully canceled

問16：Compared with the walking route, what is true of the proposed bus route?

1. It is shorter and has no stops
2. It covers a longer distance but may stop nearer the clinic
3. It is inaccessible to all passengers
4. It is an underground railway

問17：Why is overall travel-time savings uncertain?

1. There are no clinic visitors
2. Walking routes do not exist
3. Waiting and walking to the bus stop affect journey time
4. Bus users never walk

問18：What do residents who prefer cycling want?

1. The town to remove all bicycle spaces
2. The bus to carry only bikes
3. A new motorway
4. Improved bicycle parking

問19：What is the council’s next action?

1. Examine cycling requests together with bus results
2. Close all bicycle routes immediately
3. Ban all walking near the clinic
4. Buy buses without reviewing costs

問20：Which claimed benefit has NOT been established?

1. Some passengers may use bus stops
2. Every household will spend less on transport
3. The trial is three months long
4. Certain residents prefer cycling

長文3｜博物館の紙資料とデジタル複製

A history museum holds old letters, maps, and photographs. Some papers are fragile, so staff display digital copies rather than let large numbers of visitors handle the originals. Unlike the original documents, copies can be viewed repeatedly without wearing out the same physical sheet.

Instead of allowing everyone into the storage room, the museum offers a supervised digital viewing area. Only trained employees may enter the room where the original documents are kept. Visitors may request help with the digital display, and printed transcripts are available for those who prefer them.

Compared with the earlier paper-only exhibition, more people can now read enlarged versions of the maps on the screens. The museum has not concluded that every visitor prefers digital images. Some readers still want to study the texture and size of the original paper, and staff explain why direct handling cannot always be permitted.

The museum has also received donated photographs. Owning physical copies does not automatically give it permission to publish every digital image online. Staff must check publication rights and privacy before placing identifiable photographs on a public website.

The new exhibition has been popular, but the museum is still reviewing maintenance costs. It has not decided to replace all future exhibitions with digital displays.

独自4択10問

問21：What is displayed rather than the fragile original paper?

1. Digital copies
2. Only new letters
3. Unrelated printed advertisements
4. Damaged electrical equipment

問22：What is an advantage of digital copies?

1. They automatically grant publication rights
2. They can be viewed without wearing out the same paper
3. They always contain more historical information
4. They are older than the originals

問23：What is offered instead of unrestricted storage-room access?

1. An outdoor parking space
2. A room for only professional artists
3. A supervised digital viewing area
4. All original documents for home loans

問24：Who may enter the original-document storage room?

1. Any visitor with a ticket
2. Only schoolchildren
3. Visitors using smartphones
4. Trained employees

問25：What is available for people who prefer paper explanations?

1. Printed transcripts
2. Unlimited handling of originals
3. Permission to publish all images
4. A free original manuscript

問26：Compared with the paper-only display, what changed?

1. Every reader was banned
2. More visitors could read enlarged maps
3. The museum stopped holding maps
4. All documents became less readable

問27：What preference has the museum NOT established?

1. Some visitors use digital tools
2. Some prefer paper documents
3. Every visitor prefers digital images
4. Original papers are fragile

問28：Why must donated photographs be checked before online publication?

1. They are all the same size
2. Every donation is a commercial sale
3. No staff have seen them
4. Ownership does not automatically include publishing permission

問29：What is still under review?

1. Maintenance costs
2. Whether the museum exists
3. The original documents’ title in every case
4. Whether students may use the internet anywhere

問30：Which future change has not been decided?

1. Offering staff help
2. Replacing all exhibitions with digital displays
3. Showing some copies
4. Checking publication rights

長文4｜文化講座の現地参加とオンライン参加

A local arts center is offering two kinds of lessons about traditional crafts: classroom workshops and live online demonstrations. Unlike online viewers, classroom participants can handle materials and practice directly under an instructor’s supervision. However, attending in person may require travel time and payment for transportation.

Some students prefer to watch demonstrations from home rather than travel to the center. The center does not treat these students as less interested. Instead of requiring every participant to attend on site, it offers online access to several lessons, although not every practical workshop can be delivered safely through video.

Compared with last term, the center received more online registrations this term. It did not publish an exact growth rate because some people registered for more than one session. Registration figures do not automatically show how many people attended or completed a lesson.

Students who borrow tools for on-site classes must return them by the stated deadline. Online participants can download approved handouts but may not distribute copyrighted videos publicly. The center is reviewing teaching quality and operating costs before deciding how many sessions to offer in each format next year.

独自4択10問

問31：Unlike online viewers, what can classroom participants do?

1. Handle materials under direct supervision
2. Watch all classes without any materials
3. Avoid all travel expenses
4. Automatically receive a professional certificate

問32：Why may some students prefer online lessons?

1. They dislike all cultural learning
2. They can avoid traveling to the center
3. They are required to attend every class
4. They are all professional artists

問33：What does instead of requiring everyone to attend on site mean?

1. The center has banned in-person workshops
2. All practical classes can be done online
3. Online access is offered for some lessons
4. Students are not permitted to ask questions

問34：What limitation is mentioned for online practical work?

1. Videos always cost more than travel
2. The center offers no handouts
3. Every viewer must buy the teacher’s tools
4. Not every practical workshop can be taught safely by video

問35：What has increased compared with last term?

1. Online registrations
2. The number of historic crafts
3. Every student’s test score
4. All public transport fares

問36：Why did the center not publish an exact growth rate?

1. The lessons never happened
2. Individuals could register for multiple sessions
3. There were no online registrations
4. The center recorded only paper tickets

問37：What do registration counts NOT necessarily show?

1. The number of forms sent
2. Whether lessons were offered
3. Attendance or completion
4. That some people prefer online

問38：What must on-site borrowers do?

1. Publish tool photographs online
2. Attend every online lesson
3. Buy the tools permanently
4. Return borrowed tools by the deadline

問39：What is permitted for online participants?

1. Downloading approved handouts
2. Publicly sharing copyrighted videos
3. Reselling recorded lessons
4. Skipping every access rule

問40：What will influence next year’s mix of lessons?

1. Only how many instructors wear uniforms
2. Teaching quality and operating costs
3. The weather on one afternoon
4. The number of printed posters in another city

全40問の正答一覧

長文1：1A／2B／3C／4D／5A／6B／7C／8D／9A／10B

長文2：11A／12B／13C／14D／15A／16B／17C／18D／19A／20B

長文3：21A／22B／23C／24D／25A／26B／27C／28D／29A／30B

長文4：31A／32B／33C／34D／35A／36B／37C／38D／39A／40B

7日間の復習

1日目に4長文を初見で解き、2日目にinstead ofの選択、3日目にrather than、4日目にunlikeの違い、5日目にcompared withの比較基準を復習します。6日目は2つの選択肢を比較する英文を書き、7日目に誤答だけを解き直してください。

FAQ

instead ofとrather thanは常に同じですか？

似た意味で置き換えられる場合もありますが、前後の構文が異なることがあるため、そのまま単語を入れ替えて文法が成立するとは限りません。

unlikeは何が違うことを示しますか？

前後の対象の相違を示します。片方の数値が必ず増減したり、片方が原因になったりすることまでは意味しません。

compared withの後には何が来ますか？

比較する基準です。前年と比べたのか、別の方法・集団と比べたのかを本文で確認します。

英検協会の公式問題ですか？

いいえ。慶英会の独自教材です。

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