
慶英会 塾長|慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
結論:英検1級のリーディングでは、難語を理解する力に加えて、観測された数値・原因の推定・対象の範囲・承認済みの事項を区別することが重要です。慶英会の第28セットは独自35問(短文語句空所22問、長文空所6問、内容一致7問)・全140択の解答と詳解を無料公開します。海図のデジタル化、望遠鏡の共同利用、公共自転車、図書館講座を題材に、全文和訳を使って正答根拠まで確認できます。公式過去問ではありません。
英検1級の現在のReading形式は短文語句空所22問、長文空所6問、長文内容一致7問です(日本英語検定協会の公式1級試験内容)。この教材は出題内訳を参考にした独自作問であり、公式の問題文・採点基準や出題難易度を再現したものではありません。
次の初見Reading35問:英検1級Reading第29セット|語彙22問・空所6問・内容一致7問と全140択。新しい独自英文・全訳・解答の根拠を復習できます。
読み方|正答の根拠を5つの問いで追う
- 何を直接測定したか。例:予約数・貸出回数と実際の利用者数は異なる。
- どの集団・場所・期間を対象にしたか。小さな標本を全住民へ一般化しない。
- 同時期に別の要因が変化していないか。観測増から因果を決めつけない。
- 評価者の留保は何か。may / not necessarily / only ifなどを落とさない。
- 最終的に承認されたのは評価・試行・恒久導入のどの段階か。
Part A|英検1級語彙22問・88選択肢
Q1. The panel rejected the proposal because its projected savings rested on an (____) assumption about future energy prices.
- A. untenable
- B. meticulous
- C. peripheral
- D. unanimous
Q2. Several witnesses gave (____) accounts, prompting investigators to examine the original records.
- A. unequivocal
- B. conflicting
- C. routine
- D. comprehensive
Q3. The researcher remained (____) about the result until independent laboratories repeated the experiment.
- A. adamant
- B. indifferent
- C. cautious
- D. oblivious
Q4. The mayor’s promise was (____) by a clause allowing the plan to be revised after a safety review.
- A. endorsed
- B. exaggerated
- C. discarded
- D. qualified
Q5. An unusually high value was an (____), so analysts examined both the mean and median.
- A. outlier
- B. incentive
- C. precedent
- D. corollary
Q6. Poorly documented procedures can (____) attempts to reproduce the study.
- A. endorse
- B. hinder
- C. reconcile
- D. authorize
Q7. The committee demanded a (____) account of how the disputed decision had been reached.
- A. sporadic
- B. ambiguous
- C. transparent
- D. tentative
Q8. A rise in registrations does not (____) demonstrate that students developed new skills.
- A. illegally
- B. retrospectively
- C. unanimously
- D. necessarily
Q9. The bank introduced additional checks to (____) the risk of fraudulent transfers.
- A. mitigate
- B. amplify
- C. disclose
- D. allocate
Q10. The museum’s report highlighted the (____) of each artifact, including where and when it had been acquired.
- A. anomaly
- B. provenance
- C. threshold
- D. incentive
Q11. Investigators could not (____) a software defect as a possible explanation for the failure.
- A. impose
- B. substantiate
- C. rule out
- D. rectify
Q12. The experimental timetable was (____) to approval from the ethics committee.
- A. indifferent
- B. equivalent
- C. hostile
- D. subject
Q13. The council commissioned a study to examine the (____) of converting the unused station into a library.
- A. feasibility
- B. ambiguity
- C. attrition
- D. disparity
Q14. The report warned that a survey of volunteers was not (____) of all households in the region.
- A. eligible
- B. representative
- C. redundant
- D. resilient
Q15. Independent audits are intended to prevent a (____) of interest in public purchasing decisions.
- A. decline
- B. sequence
- C. conflict
- D. surplus
Q16. The guidelines specified a (____) for action when contamination levels exceeded the set limit.
- A. precedent
- B. consensus
- C. framework
- D. threshold
Q17. The new rules generated a public (____) because affected residents had not been consulted.
- A. backlash
- B. inference
- C. incentive
- D. remedy
Q18. The board decided to (____) the contract after discovering repeated serious breaches.
- A. attribute
- B. terminate
- C. corroborate
- D. delineate
Q19. Incomplete documentation made it difficult to (____) the exact cause of the measurement error.
- A. justify
- B. exaggerate
- C. ascertain
- D. evade
Q20. The researchers noted a significant (____) between urban and rural access to the service.
- A. consensus
- B. precedent
- C. surplus
- D. disparity
Q21. A properly designed pilot should include (____) so the findings can be tested in other settings.
- A. replicable methods
- B. anecdotal evidence
- C. unverified claims
- D. irreversible decisions
Q22. The council postponed the expansion pending a more (____) review of maintenance and accessibility costs.
- A. speculative
- B. rigorous
- C. perfunctory
- D. arbitrary
Part A・全22問の解答と88語義
Q1 正答 A:untenable。 将来の価格について成立しない前提に依存したのでuntenable。 全選択肢:A. untenable=維持できない・成立しない / B. meticulous=細心の / C. peripheral=周辺的な / D. unanimous=全会一致の
Q2 正答 B:conflicting。 証人の説明が矛盾するconflicting accounts。 全選択肢:A. unequivocal=明白な / B. conflicting=食い違う / C. routine=日常的な / D. comprehensive=包括的な
Q3 正答 C:cautious。 独立再現まで判断を保留するcautious。 全選択肢:A. adamant=断固とした / B. indifferent=無関心な / C. cautious=慎重な / D. oblivious=気づいていない
Q4 正答 D:qualified。 条件節で公約の範囲を制限するqualified。 全選択肢:A. endorsed=支持された / B. exaggerated=誇張された / C. discarded=捨てられた / D. qualified=限定された
Q5 正答 A:outlier。 平均に影響する極端な値はoutlier。 全選択肢:A. outlier=外れ値 / B. incentive=誘因 / C. precedent=前例 / D. corollary=当然の帰結
Q6 正答 B:hinder。 記録不足が再現作業を妨害するhinder。 全選択肢:A. endorse=支持する / B. hinder=妨げる / C. reconcile=整合させる / D. authorize=認可する
Q7 正答 C:transparent。 決定過程の説明責任に合うtransparent。 全選択肢:A. sporadic=散発的な / B. ambiguous=曖昧な / C. transparent=透明で説明可能な / D. tentative=暫定的な
Q8 正答 D:necessarily。 not necessarily demonstrate=必ずしも証明しない。 全選択肢:A. illegally=違法に / B. retrospectively=振り返って / C. unanimously=全員一致で / D. necessarily=必然的に
Q9 正答 A:mitigate。 mitigate risk=リスクを軽減。 全選択肢:A. mitigate=軽減する / B. amplify=増幅する / C. disclose=公開する / D. allocate=配分する
Q10 正答 B:provenance。 資料の取得経緯を意味するprovenance。 全選択肢:A. anomaly=異常 / B. provenance=来歴・出所 / C. threshold=閾値 / D. incentive=誘因
Q11 正答 C:rule out。 could not rule out=まだ可能性として残る。 全選択肢:A. impose=課す / B. substantiate=裏付ける / C. rule out=可能性を除外する / D. rectify=是正する
Q12 正答 D:subject。 be subject to approval=承認を条件とする。 全選択肢:A. indifferent=無関心な / B. equivalent=同等の / C. hostile=敵対的な / D. subject=条件付きの
Q13 正答 A:feasibility。 施設転用が実行可能か調べるfeasibility。 全選択肢:A. feasibility=実現可能性 / B. ambiguity=曖昧さ / C. attrition=脱落・減少 / D. disparity=格差
Q14 正答 B:representative。 self-selected respondents と全世帯の代表性。 全選択肢:A. eligible=資格のある / B. representative=代表性のある / C. redundant=不必要・重複した / D. resilient=回復力がある
Q15 正答 C:conflict。 conflict of interest=利益相反。 全選択肢:A. decline=減少 / B. sequence=連続 / C. conflict=利害の衝突 / D. surplus=余剰
Q16 正答 D:threshold。 exceeded the thresholdで行動条件を示す。 全選択肢:A. precedent=先例 / B. consensus=合意 / C. framework=枠組み / D. threshold=基準値
Q17 正答 A:backlash。 協議なしの規則への反発backlash。 全選択肢:A. backlash=反発 / B. inference=推論 / C. incentive=誘因 / D. remedy=救済策
Q18 正答 B:terminate。 重大違反後に契約を終了=terminate。 全選択肢:A. attribute=帰属させる / B. terminate=契約を終了させる / C. corroborate=裏付ける / D. delineate=明確に区分する
Q19 正答 C:ascertain。 原因を突き止めるascertain。 全選択肢:A. justify=正当化する / B. exaggerate=誇張する / C. ascertain=確認・特定する / D. evade=回避する
Q20 正答 D:disparity。 urban and rural access の格差disparity。 全選択肢:A. consensus=合意 / B. precedent=先例 / C. surplus=余剰 / D. disparity=格差
Q21 正答 A:replicable methods。 他の環境で結果を検証できる手続き=replicable methods。 全選択肢:A. replicable methods=再現可能な方法 / B. anecdotal evidence=逸話的な証拠 / C. unverified claims=未検証の主張 / D. irreversible decisions=不可逆の決定
Q22 正答 B:rigorous。 追加評価の厳密さを求めるrigorous。 全選択肢:A. speculative=憶測による / B. rigorous=厳密な / C. perfunctory=形式的な / D. arbitrary=恣意的な

慶英会 塾長|慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
塾長の経歴・指導方針
中高一貫校の英語・定期テスト・英検の学習状況を整理し、必要な復習の優先順位を考えたい方は、無料体験・学習相談のご案内をご確認ください。最大1か月完全無料体験の対象・回数・担当講師は、お申し込み時にご案内します。
友だち追加後、学年・教材・困っていることと「学習相談希望(ブログ・記事中盤)」をお送りください。LINEを開くだけでは受付は完了しません。LINEを利用できない方はメールでの学習相談も可能です。料金・無料体験の期間と条件はコース・料金・無料体験のご案内でご確認ください。
Part B|独自長文空所6問(Q23〜28)
古い地図のデジタル化で見つかった矛盾
Paragraph 1. The imaginary Harbor Manuscript Center digitized coastal maps compiled over several centuries. Its initial search index allowed researchers to compare documents from different archives, but some entries carried inconsistent dates. The center discovered that later copies occasionally repeated errors from earlier catalogues. Staff therefore began recording the (23) of each map, including the source of its description and the history of any corrections.
Paragraph 2. Public interest grew as the number of searchable images increased. However, curators warned that availability was not the same as historical certainty. A route shown on one map might have been proposed rather than actually traveled. They recommended comparing each chart with ship logs and written accounts before describing a voyage as (24).
Paragraph 3. Some donors had allowed scholars to examine private correspondence without authorizing unrestricted online release. The center agreed to review access conditions and to explain why certain materials were withheld. It would expand the collection only (25) privacy checks and an independent assessment of the search system, rather than promise that every file would be published immediately.
Q23. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [23].
- A. provenance
- B. abundance
- C. popularization
- D. attrition
Q24. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [24].
- A. speculative
- B. verified
- C. tentative
- D. hypothetical
Q25. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [25].
- A. in spite of
- B. regardless of
- C. subject to
- D. in preference to
宇宙観測機器の共同利用と評価
Paragraph 1. A fictional university alliance introduced an online system for sharing telescopes among research groups. Reservations rose sharply, and administrators initially argued that the platform had improved scientific productivity. Reviewers cautioned that booking figures could be (26) because some researchers reserved several possible dates for the same observation. Poor weather also caused cancellations that the headline figures did not reflect.
Paragraph 2. Technical differences created another challenge. Laboratories used instruments with different sensitivity settings and calibration procedures. As a result, observations could not automatically be compared. The alliance required consistent recording of equipment settings and independent checks before combining data. Its goal was to make results more (27) across participating institutions.
Paragraph 3. The board agreed to continue the service as a limited pilot, with additional support for smaller laboratories. It asked evaluators to measure completed observations, scientific outputs, access, and costs rather than focus on reservations alone. The board said that wider expansion would remain (28) until the longer evaluation was complete.
Q26. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [26].
- A. transparent
- B. misleading
- C. irreversible
- D. voluntary
Q27. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [27].
- A. temporary
- B. unrelated
- C. comparable
- D. excessive
Q28. Choose the most appropriate expression for blank [28].
- A. mandatory
- B. confirmed
- C. inevitable
- D. provisional
長文空所6問の全訳と正誤解説
古い地図のデジタル化で見つかった矛盾
第1段落:架空の海図資料館は数世紀分の地図をデジタル化。古い目録を写した誤記が残っており、地図の来歴、説明の出典、訂正履歴を記録する。
第2段落:公開画像が増えても歴史的な確実性は増えるとは限らない。描かれた航路が計画だけの場合もあり、実航海の確認には航海日誌などとの照合が必要。
第3段落:寄贈者は研究者の閲覧を許可していても無制限公開を承認したとは限らない。プライバシー審査と検索品質評価を条件に公開を拡大する。
Q23 正答 A:provenance 根拠・他肢との違い:作成・取得・訂正の来歴を示すprovenance。abundanceは豊富さ、attritionは減少。
Q24 正答 B:verified 根拠・他肢との違い:航海日誌等で事実と確認されるverified。その他は未確定を示す。
Q25 正答 C:subject to 根拠・他肢との違い:subject to=審査の結果・条件に従う。即時公開の約束ではない。
宇宙観測機器の共同利用と評価
第1段落:架空の大学連合が望遠鏡の共同予約システムを導入。予約増は同一観測の複数予約や天候キャンセルが含まれるため、生産性を誇張しうる。
第2段落:機器感度と校正手順の差でデータをそのまま比較できないため、設定記録と独立確認を整え、機関間で比較可能にする。
第3段落:限定試行を継続し小研究室のアクセスを改善する。実観測数・成果・費用を評価し、全面拡大は追加評価後まで保留。
Q26 正答 B:misleading 根拠・他肢との違い:予約件数は実観測完了を過大に見せうるのでmisleading。
Q27 正答 C:comparable 根拠・他肢との違い:共通の校正基準により測定の比較可能性comparableを高める。
Q28 正答 D:provisional 根拠・他肢との違い:拡大は確定でなく暫定のprovisional。
Part C|独自長文内容一致7問(Q29〜35)
公共自転車の試行と交通アクセスの公平性
Paragraph 1. The fictional city of Westmoor introduced a public bicycle scheme to improve travel between residential districts and local railway stations. During the first three months, the number of bicycle rentals rose sharply. Officials welcomed the figures, but researchers cautioned that the count did not indicate how many distinct residents had benefited. Some commuters rented bicycles twice each day, and recreational visitors accounted for a substantial share of rentals during weekends.
Paragraph 2. A further complication was that the scheme began during a period when bus services were reduced for road repairs. The increase in bicycle use might have reflected a temporary lack of alternatives rather than the long-term attractiveness of the new system. Evaluators recommended comparing similar periods after bus services resumed. They also asked how many journeys replaced car trips, since additional rentals did not automatically mean lower vehicle emissions.
Paragraph 3. Accessibility concerns were raised during community meetings. Users needed suitable cycling routes, and the bicycle stations were concentrated in neighborhoods close to the center. Some older residents and people with mobility limitations could not use standard bicycles safely. Advocates suggested retaining reliable bus services and investigating other transport options rather than assuming a single scheme could address everyone’s needs.
Paragraph 4. The city commissioned an independent review of actual journey patterns, maintenance costs, and neighborhood coverage. It also planned to examine how frequently bicycles needed repairs and whether availability varied at busy times. A trial extension was approved, but permanent expansion to all districts remained undecided.
Paragraph 5. The debate illustrated a broader question in transport planning. A service can attract enthusiastic users and still leave significant access gaps. Decision-makers therefore need to consider the distribution of benefits and the alternatives available to people who cannot use the service.
Q29. Why did researchers question the rental total as a measure of how many people benefited?
- A. Some people rented bicycles repeatedly, and visitors also used the scheme.
- B. The city never allowed bicycles near railway stations.
- C. The bicycle scheme had no recorded rentals.
- D. Every resident owned an identical bicycle.
Q30. What other development complicated evaluation of the scheme?
- A. Railways permanently stopped running.
- B. Bus services were reduced for road repairs during the same period.
- C. The city closed all cycle paths before the trial.
- D. Every bicycle was removed after one day.
Q31. Which statement best reflects the final policy decision?
- A. Permanent expansion to every district had already been approved.
- B. The entire service was permanently canceled.
- C. A trial extension and further evaluation were approved, but citywide expansion was undecided.
- D. The evaluation would consider rental counts alone.
公立図書館のオンライン講座と学習成果
Paragraph 1. An imaginary network of public libraries developed online workshops for adults seeking to improve information literacy. The courses were available without fees, and registrations grew after posters appeared in railway stations. Several local newspapers described the increase as evidence of a successful educational transformation. Librarians were pleased with the interest but warned that registration did not necessarily mean completion or improved ability.
Paragraph 2. At the end of the first term, the network found that some learners had registered for multiple workshops, while others had stopped attending after the opening lesson. A follow-up questionnaire was completed mainly by people who had finished a course. This raised the possibility that reports of satisfaction would overrepresent the experiences of successful participants. Evaluators asked the network to publish completion rates using the original group of enrolled learners as well as the number who passed practical assessments.
Paragraph 3. The workshops also required a reliable internet connection and a device capable of displaying interactive exercises. Residents in outlying districts sometimes shared equipment with family members or could not attend sessions at scheduled times. Library staff therefore tested downloadable materials and short face-to-face sessions. These alternatives required extra staff hours, so their cost-effectiveness would need to be examined.
Paragraph 4. To evaluate learning, participants were asked to compare two unfamiliar online articles and explain which conclusions were supported by evidence. This was more demanding than recalling terms from a lecture, but it provided information about whether learners could apply their knowledge. Results varied, and the evaluation did not yet establish whether the workshops had improved employment prospects.
Paragraph 5. The network agreed to continue the program provisionally while monitoring attendance, task performance, access barriers, and ongoing costs. It postponed any permanent expansion until the findings could be compared with alternative forms of support. The decision was not that the workshops had failed, but that enthusiastic registration figures were insufficient to establish long-term educational value.
Paragraph 6. At a public meeting, the librarians emphasized that meaningful learning is harder to count than sign-ups. They argued that an honest report should distinguish interest, completion, competence, and later outcomes. Greater transparency about limits would enable communities to judge whether the investment was worthwhile.
Q32. Why might the satisfaction results be unrepresentative?
- A. All nonparticipants were interviewed.
- B. The questionnaire mainly reached people who completed the course.
- C. The workshops had no attendees.
- D. The libraries had eliminated practical assessments.
Q33. What difficulty did residents in outlying districts face?
- A. They were forbidden to use libraries.
- B. Every workshop required international travel.
- C. Reliable internet and suitable devices were not always available.
- D. The library required university degrees for entry.
Q34. Why did the network use unfamiliar articles in its assessments?
- A. To require students to memorize every article.
- B. To make every participant fail.
- C. To eliminate the need for instruction.
- D. To test the practical application of evidence-evaluation skills.
Q35. Which decision did the library network make?
- A. Continue provisionally and evaluate outcomes before permanent expansion.
- B. Terminate all learning activities immediately.
- C. Claim that registration proved employment improvement.
- D. Ignore the ongoing costs of face-to-face alternatives.
内容一致7問・全文和訳・解答根拠
公共自転車の試行と交通アクセスの公平性
第1段落:架空のWestmoor市は住宅地と駅をつなぐ公共自転車を導入し、貸出回数が増えた。ただし同じ通勤者の往復利用や週末の観光客を含むため、利用住民の実人数はわからない。
第2段落:導入期間中に道路工事でバス便も減っており、自転車利用増は代替交通の不足による可能性がある。バス復旧後の比較と、自動車利用を代替した割合を調べるべきだ。
第3段落:安全な走行経路や駐輪場所の偏りがあり、標準自転車を利用できない高齢者・障害者もいる。バス等の代替交通も維持する必要がある。
第4段落:市は走行実態、保守費、地域アクセス、故障頻度を独立評価し、試行延長を承認したが全市恒久化は未決。
第5段落:熱心な利用者の存在と全住民への公平なサービスは別の問題で、使えない人の代替手段も評価すべき。
Q29 正答 A:Some people rented bicycles repeatedly, and visitors also used the scheme. 根拠:同じ人が1日2回借りることもあり、来訪者利用も含む。
Q30 正答 B:Bus services were reduced for road repairs during the same period. 根拠:バス減便が自転車利用を増やした可能性=交絡要因。
Q31 正答 C:A trial extension and further evaluation were approved, but citywide expansion was undecided. 根拠:試行延長は決定、恒久拡大は未決定。
公立図書館のオンライン講座と学習成果
第1段落:架空の図書館ネットワークは成人向けの無料情報リテラシー講座を開始。登録は増えたが修了・能力向上を示すとは限らない。
第2段落:複数申込や途中離脱があり、任意アンケートは修了者に偏っていた。登録者全体を分母にした修了率と実務評価の合格者数を別々に出すべきだ。
第3段落:参加にはネット回線と端末が必要で、地方の参加者には制約がある。ダウンロード教材と対面講座も試したが人件費が追加される。
第4段落:未知の記事を比較して根拠を説明する課題で理解を評価。効果は個人差があり、雇用改善までは示していない。
第5段落:講座を暫定継続し、出席、実践課題、アクセス、費用を監視。恒久化は代替手段と比較した後。
第6段落:登録、修了、技能、将来成果を区別して開示することが投資の妥当性判断に必要。
Q32 正答 B:The questionnaire mainly reached people who completed the course. 根拠:修了者が多く回答し中途離脱者が反映されにくい。
Q33 正答 C:Reliable internet and suitable devices were not always available. 根拠:端末と回線の制約がある。
Q34 正答 D:To test the practical application of evidence-evaluation skills. 根拠:記憶テストより実際の技能の転用を測定するため。
Q35 正答 A:Continue provisionally and evaluate outcomes before permanent expansion. 根拠:暫定継続と追加評価、恒久化は未決。
35問の解答早見表
Q1:A / Q2:B / Q3:C / Q4:D / Q5:A / Q6:B / Q7:C / Q8:D / Q9:A / Q10:B / Q11:C / Q12:D / Q13:A / Q14:B / Q15:C / Q16:D / Q17:A / Q18:B / Q19:C / Q20:D / Q21:A / Q22:B / Q23:A / Q24:B / Q25:C / Q26:B / Q27:C / Q28:D / Q29:A / Q30:B / Q31:C / Q32:B / Q33:C / Q34:D / Q35:A
復習方法と誤答の分類
- 語彙:正答以外の3肢も意味を答えられるか確認する。
- 論理:本文のhowever / rather than / subject toの後ろを抜かさず理解する。
- 内容一致:「全員」「絶対」「すでに拡大した」といった言い過ぎを除外する。
- 1日後と7日後に別の長文で同じ判断ができるか検証する。
よくある質問
英検1級Readingは35問ですか?
英検協会が現在公開している構成では22問・6問・7問の計35問です。受験時は公式情報の更新も確認してください。
全文和訳は初回から見てもよいですか?
初回は英文のみで解き、解答後に根拠と誤読部分を確認するために使うと、自分の初見力を測れます。
この長文の実験・自治体は実在しますか?
いいえ。学習用に作成した架空の研究・行政・施設の例です。公式過去問や実際の公表統計ではありません。
関連する英検1級無料教材
英文を読み、選択肢が不正解になる根拠まで説明できるよう慶英会の英語学習相談を利用できます。最大1か月無料体験・お問い合わせ。
参考にした公式情報
本記事の英文・問題・地名・数値・和訳・解答は慶英会の独自制作です。公式過去問、実在の研究成果、実際の政策決定ではありません。

最大1か月完全無料体験・学習相談受付中
最大1か月の完全無料体験をご案内
学校教材・学力・目標に合わせた個別指導
入塾前に授業の進め方や講師との相性をお確かめください。
学校英語・定期テスト・英検の学習相談にも対応します。
保護者様の教育相談も無料で承ります。
1.学年 2. 学習目標 3.体験ご希望をお送りください。
体験の期間・回数・担当講師・日程は、ご希望と受付状況を確認してご案内します。
慶英会 塾長|慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する
