慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検1級Reading・慶英会独自第36セット。公式の設問構成に合わせた語彙22問・長文空所6問・内容一致7問の全35問、140択を無料公開します。英文4題を独自制作し、全問の解答根拠、語彙文の全和訳、長文の日本語解説と誤答を見抜く着眼点を掲載します。
英検1級公式のReadingは短文の語句空所22問、長文空所6問、内容一致7問です（日本英語検定協会｜1級試験内容）。本教材は慶英会の独自演習であり公式過去問ではありません。
次の無料教材：Reading第37セット｜独自35問・全140択と長文解説。初見演習後に解答根拠と誤答原因まで確認してください。
35問の正しい解き方
- 語彙：目的語と文脈から判断し、語の意味だけでなく強さの違いに注意する。
- 長文空所：前後の文が譲歩・対比・因果・条件のどれでつながるかを確認する。
- 内容一致：全体の主張と個々の立場を区別し、all・always・alreadyなどの断定を検証する。
- 解答後は誤りの理由を説明できるまで復習し、翌日と7日後にもう一度解く。
第1部｜短文語彙22問
Q1
The new findings may _____ the assumption that the ancient road was never used in winter.
- A. substantiate
- B. belie
- C. ratify
- D. vindicate
Q2
The public notice was revised to _____ confusion about the evacuation boundaries.
- A. engender
- B. amplify
- C. exacerbate
- D. allay
Q3
A single favorable result cannot _____ the claim that the program works in all regions.
- A. substantiate
- B. obviate
- C. preclude
- D. rescind
Q4
Officials must _____ the differing reports before publishing their final figures.
- A. disavow
- B. curtail
- C. reconcile
- D. circumscribe
Q5
A severe shortage of maintenance staff could _____ the long-term operation of the facility.
- A. vindicate
- B. elucidate
- C. sustain
- D. jeopardize
Q6
The council was asked to _____ extra funds for routine monitoring.
- A. withhold
- B. earmark
- C. deplete
- D. abrogate
Q7
The repair program aims to _____ unnecessary waste without compromising safety.
- A. engender
- B. inflate
- C. curtail
- D. ratify
Q8
The new evidence could _____ long-held beliefs about the origin of the artifacts.
- A. challenge
- B. affirm
- C. bolster
- D. entrench
Q9
The inquiry sought to _____ the source of the discrepancies between two databases.
- A. obscure
- B. impugn
- C. ascertain
- D. withhold
Q10
If the rules are too rigid, they may _____ small organizations from participating.
- A. facilitate
- B. entice
- C. enable
- D. deter
Q11
The study failed to _____ the effects of weather from those of new equipment.
- A. conflate
- B. disentangle
- C. exacerbate
- D. ratify
Q12
The commission agreed to _____ its earlier recommendation after new evidence emerged.
- A. reconsider
- B. entrench
- C. disseminate
- D. reaffirm
Q13
The committee decided to _____ public access until it had verified the privacy safeguards.
- A. expedite
- B. reinstate
- C. mandate
- D. postpone
Q14
The preliminary data were too _____ to support a definitive conclusion.
- A. robust
- B. comprehensive
- C. scant
- D. unequivocal
Q15
Managers should not _____ a high registration count with broad public benefit.
- A. conflate
- B. distinguish
- C. separate
- D. disaggregate
Q16
The independent investigation helped to _____ the technician of wrongdoing.
- A. implicate
- B. exonerate
- C. censure
- D. indict
Q17
Officials tried to _____ the risk of power failure through backup systems.
- A. exacerbate
- B. mitigate
- C. instigate
- D. magnify
Q18
Several residents objected to the proposal’s _____ exemption for commercial vehicles.
- A. narrow
- B. limited
- C. selective
- D. sweeping
Q19
Researchers asked the museum to _____ the uncertainty of the historical dates.
- A. conceal
- B. dismiss
- C. acknowledge
- D. erase
Q20
A poor sampling method could _____ the accuracy of the public survey.
- A. undermine
- B. reinforce
- C. validate
- D. guarantee
Q21
Before selecting a provider, officials will _____ its maintenance history.
- A. ignore
- B. fabricate
- C. scrutinize
- D. disregard
Q22
The council chose to _____ the revised standard gradually rather than impose it immediately.
- A. repeal
- B. implement
- C. nullify
- D. retract
第2部｜長文空所6問
淡水化施設と海への塩水排出
A fictional coastal district faces increasingly irregular rainfall and is considering a small desalination plant. Supporters argue that turning seawater into drinking water would provide another supply during dry periods. Engineers have also proposed energy-recovery devices to reduce electricity consumption. The authority’s first brochure focused almost entirely on the volume of fresh water the plant could produce.
Marine scientists caution that desalination leaves concentrated salty water, or brine, which must be discharged carefully. Its impact depends on local currents, the location of the discharge outlet and the organisms nearby. Some engineers suggested that simply [23] _____ would be sufficient. Ecologists replied that conditions could differ farther from the outlet and at different times.
Residents also questioned whether repairing leaking pipes or introducing better water-saving measures could reduce demand more cheaply. Officials agreed that the choice was not simply between building a plant and accepting water shortages. [24] _____ The authority therefore decided to compare supply expansion with alternatives that reduce avoidable waste.
A pilot will measure water production, electricity use, salinity at several locations, maintenance expenses and effects on sensitive habitats. The aim is to [25] _____ rather than assume that a newly constructed facility automatically guarantees water security.
Q23
- A. diluting brine at the discharge point
- B. prohibiting all environmental monitoring
- C. closing existing drinking-water sources
- D. assuming that marine currents never change
Q24
- A. Officials had already rejected all conservation measures.
- B. Water-saving options also deserved a fair comparison.
- C. The costs of water treatment had become irrelevant.
- D. Every resident had agreed that desalination was always cheaper.
Q25
- A. measure only construction progress
- B. exclude effects on marine habitats
- C. evaluate reliability and environmental effects together
- D. promise that droughts will no longer occur
公園の夜間照明と利用者・野生生物
A fictional city planned to install brighter lights on every path in its central park. Supporters believed that better visibility could make evening travel easier, while others worried about energy use. The original proposal assumed that maximum brightness in all areas would necessarily improve safety. Planners were asked to [26] _____ before purchasing equipment, because they had little evidence about which paths were most difficult to use.
Environmental specialists argued that light spilling into trees and water could disturb nocturnal animals. The ecological effects depend on direction, color and the time of illumination. The specialists did not suggest leaving the entire park in darkness. Instead, they proposed shielded fixtures along busy routes and lower intensity in less-used areas. This approach would require [27] _____.
During a pilot, the city would measure navigation, actual use after sunset, energy costs, wildlife activity and recorded hazards. A survey showing that some visitors felt safer would be useful, but managers recognized that satisfaction alone did not prove the risk of accidents had fallen.
The city planned to make adjustments after examining the results, including seasonal changes. Its emerging conclusion was that [28] _____ and that safety should be evaluated alongside ecological consequences.
Q26
- A. install maximum brightness without evidence
- B. identify actual hazards and users’ needs
- C. ban all access to the park after sunset
- D. assume comfort surveys alone proved safety
Q27
- A. ignoring differences between locations
- B. treating wildlife as irrelevant
- C. varying lighting design according to conditions
- D. removing all nighttime safety measures
Q28
- A. every path requires identical illumination
- B. brightest lights are always least costly
- C. public opinion is an adequate substitute for hazard data
- D. responsible design may need different lighting in different places
第3部｜内容一致7問
農地の花の回廊と昆虫保全
A fictional farming region is exploring strips of native flowering plants along the boundaries between fields. Supporters hope that connecting patches of habitat will help pollinating insects move through landscapes dominated by crops. Farmers have expressed interest because some crops depend on insects for pollination, but scientists warn that the presence of flowers alone cannot establish ecological success.
Different insects vary in flight distance, nesting requirements and seasonal food needs. Flowers that serve species active in spring may provide little nourishment later in the year. Moreover, the use of pesticides near a flower strip could reduce its value as a refuge. Conservation advisers therefore recommend mixed planting schedules and coordination among neighboring farms, rather than disconnected strips chosen solely for appearance.
The initiative creates financial questions. Setting aside a field margin may be inexpensive for some farmers but costly for others. Additional pollination benefits may reach neighboring properties rather than the landowner who maintains the flowers. Some growers argue that the cost of providing wider ecological benefits should be shared across the district.
Researchers propose comparing farms with connected strips against similar farms without them. They intend to record pollinator diversity, movement, crop production and the effects of weather and chemical use. A higher bee count on one afternoon would not establish that all species had benefited or that farming incomes had risen.
The region plans a multi-year trial before committing permanent funding. The challenge is not simply planting more flowers, but supporting connected habitat that remains useful across seasons and distributes costs fairly.
Q29
What is the main purpose of the proposed flower strips?
- A. To replace all crops with flowers.
- B. To ban all farms from using pesticides immediately.
- C. To connect habitats and support pollinator movement.
- D. To guarantee higher profits for every farmer.
Q30
Why might flowers alone fail to benefit all pollinators?
- A. Different insects have different seasonal and habitat needs.
- B. All insect species use the same flowers.
- C. Every crop field is already a permanent nature reserve.
- D. Pesticide use has been proven harmless.
Q31
What economic concern do some farmers express?
- A. Every farm has identical land costs.
- B. All ecological benefits remain with the grower who provides the strips.
- C. The program has already paid unlimited compensation.
- D. The costs of providing habitat and the benefits may fall on different farms.
公共図書館の電子書籍とライセンス更新費
A fictional network of public libraries is reviewing the contracts used to lend digital books. Users appreciate being able to access titles from home, especially where travel to a library branch is difficult. Some managers assumed that digital lending would always cost less than providing physical books because electronic files did not require shelf space or repairs.
However, licenses for digital books sometimes limit the number of simultaneous borrowers, the total number of loans or the length of time for which a title can remain available. Popular titles may require repeated payments to retain access. A relatively low initial contract price can therefore conceal substantial recurring costs. Readers who lack compatible devices or reliable internet may also face barriers even though the books exist digitally.
Librarians proposed comparing total licensing costs rather than purchase prices alone. They also favored retaining some printed materials and explaining waiting times, renewal terms and expiry dates openly. Such steps could help readers understand why a digital title may be temporarily unavailable even though the library has no shortage of storage space.
Publishers replied that limited licenses can provide necessary compensation for authors and production work. Library managers acknowledged this concern but wanted greater clarity about future renewals so public budgets could be managed responsibly. They suggested negotiating options suitable for institutions of different sizes rather than imposing one contract everywhere.
The network will test arrangements using waiting times, ongoing license expenditure and feedback from readers with different access needs. It aims to determine which combination of print and digital materials serves the community most effectively. The case suggests that digital access is shaped not only by technology but also by legal contracts and affordability.
Q32
Why can electronic library books create recurring costs?
- A. Licenses may expire or limit the number of loans.
- B. All electronic books must be printed before lending.
- C. Publishers never receive compensation.
- D. Digital files always require new shelves.
Q33
What access problem does the passage mention?
- A. Every reader prefers physical books.
- B. Some readers lack suitable devices or reliable internet.
- C. Libraries have unlimited digital subscriptions.
- D. Digital books cannot have waiting lists.
Q34
How do librarians respond to publishers’ concerns?
- A. They demand that authors never be compensated.
- B. They insist all contracts are identical.
- C. They recognize the need for payment but seek more predictable terms.
- D. They reject all digital lending.
Q35
What is the central conclusion?
- A. Digital books should fully replace print immediately.
- B. Initial prices determine all future expenditure.
- C. Popularity is the only important measure.
- D. Libraries should compare license costs and user needs before setting a collection mix.
全35問の解答と日本語解説
Q1〜Q22｜語彙の正答・全文和訳
Q1：B belie。全文訳：新発見は冬に道路が使われなかったという前提が間違いであることを示すかもしれない。理由：旧説に反することを示すbelie。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q2：D allay。全文訳：避難区域に関する混乱を和らげるため告知が修正された。理由：混乱・不安を和らげるallay。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q3：A substantiate。全文訳：1回の良い結果で全地域に有効との主張は裏付けられない。理由：根拠を示して立証するsubstantiate。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q4：C reconcile。全文訳：最終数値の公表前に矛盾する報告書の整合を取る必要がある。理由：相違点を整合させるreconcile。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q5：D jeopardize。全文訳：保守担当者の不足は施設の長期運営を危うくする。理由：危険にさらすjeopardize。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q6：B earmark。全文訳：議会は定期監視に追加予算を割り当てるよう求められた。理由：用途を指定して資金を確保するearmark。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q7：C curtail。全文訳：修理制度は安全を損なわず不要な廃棄を削減する。理由：削減するcurtail。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q8：A challenge。全文訳：新証拠は遺物の起源に関する長年の考えに疑問を投げかけ得る。理由：従来の見方に異議を唱えるchallenge。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q9：C ascertain。全文訳：調査は2データベースの食い違いの原因を確かめようとした。理由：確かめるascertain。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q10：D deter。全文訳：規則が厳しすぎると小団体の参加を妨げる可能性がある。理由：参加を思いとどまらせるdeter。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q11：B disentangle。全文訳：研究は天候と新設備の影響を分離できなかった。理由：別々の効果を切り分けるdisentangle。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q12：A reconsider。全文訳：新たな証拠を受けて委員会は従来の提言を再検討することにした。理由：再考するreconsider。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q13：D postpone。全文訳：個人情報保護を確認するまで一般公開を延期した。理由：延期するpostpone。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q14：C scant。全文訳：暫定データは決定的結論を支えるには不十分だった。理由：証拠が乏しいscant。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q15：A conflate。全文訳：登録者数の多さを公共的利益と混同すべきでない。理由：異なる概念を混同するconflate。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q16：B exonerate。全文訳：独立調査により技術者の不正疑惑が晴れた。理由：潔白を証明するexonerate。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q17：B mitigate。全文訳：予備設備により停電の危険を軽減しようとした。理由：影響を軽減するmitigate。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q18：D sweeping。全文訳：商用車への広範な免除に住民が異議を唱えた。理由：広範で一律的なsweeping。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q19：C acknowledge。全文訳：研究者は歴史年代の不確実性を認めるよう博物館に求めた。理由：認め明示するacknowledge。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q20：A undermine。全文訳：不適切な標本抽出は調査の精度を損ない得る。理由：損なうundermine。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q21：C scrutinize。全文訳：業者選定前に保守履歴を精査する。理由：精査するscrutinize。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q22：B implement。全文訳：議会は改定基準を即時導入ではなく段階的に実施することにした。理由：実施するimplement。不正解：他の3択は文脈に適さないか逆の結果を示します。
Q23〜Q28｜長文空所の正答根拠
淡水化施設と海への塩水排出・日本語解説：架空の沿岸地域で淡水化プラントが検討されるが、濃い塩水の排出が海域へ与える影響、電力・保守費などの検証が必要。排水口付近の希釈だけで安全とは言えず、水道管の漏水対策や節水と比較して実験する。
Q23：A diluting brine at the discharge point。根拠：排出地点で希釈すれば十分という単純案への批判。
Q24：B Water-saving options also deserved a fair comparison.。根拠：需要削減と新たな供給を同じ条件で比較する必要。
Q25：C evaluate reliability and environmental effects together。根拠：複数指標の評価が主眼。
公園の夜間照明と利用者・野生生物・日本語解説：架空の市は夜間公園の照明を増やそうとするが、一律最大照度は安全向上を保証しない。道ごとの利用状況や事故、視認性、生物への光の影響、電力を比較し、遮光器具や段階的調整を試す。
Q26：B identify actual hazards and users’ needs。根拠：導入前に危険と利用者の需要を把握する。
Q27：C varying lighting design according to conditions。根拠：場所ごとに照度を調整する。
Q28：D responsible design may need different lighting in different places。根拠：場所別の適切な照明が結論。
Q29〜Q35｜内容一致の正答根拠
農地の花の回廊と昆虫保全・日本語解説：農地の境界で花を植え昆虫の生息地を結ぶ案。昆虫の活動時期・巣・農薬影響が違うため花の数だけで判断できず、管理する農家と恩恵を受ける農家が異なる可能性もある。複数年で昆虫の種類・移動・収量・費用を比較する。
Q29：C To connect habitats and support pollinator movement.。根拠：孤立した生息地をつなげることが目的。
Q30：A Different insects have different seasonal and habitat needs.。根拠：昆虫の種類・時期によって必要な資源が違う。
Q31：D The costs of providing habitat and the benefits may fall on different farms.。根拠：費用負担と恩恵の帰属がずれる。
公共図書館の電子書籍とライセンス更新費・日本語解説：公立図書館で電子書籍を貸す場合、物理的な収納費が不要でも貸出回数・同時利用者・期間に制限があるライセンスの更新費が発生し得る。端末や接続のない利用者には紙の本も必要。出版社への対価と図書館の長期予算を両立し、利用者の待機やアクセスを評価する。
Q32：A Licenses may expire or limit the number of loans.。根拠：更新・貸出制限などライセンスの条件。
Q33：B Some readers lack suitable devices or reliable internet.。根拠：端末・ネット接続の格差。
Q34：C They recognize the need for payment but seek more predictable terms.。根拠：正当な対価を認めつつ予測可能な条件を求める。
Q35：D Libraries should compare license costs and user needs before setting a collection mix.。根拠：紙・デジタルを含む総費用とアクセスで判断する。
4つの長文を横断する学習の要点
- 淡水化：水の供給量だけでなく排水による環境影響と代替手段を比較する。
- 公園照明：場所による安全上の需要と野生生物への影響は一様ではない。
- 昆虫の回廊：花の数と全種の回復は同じではない。
- 電子図書館：棚が不要でも契約更新費用と端末を利用できない読者の問題が残る。
FAQ
英検1級のReadingは何問ですか？
短文22問、長文空所6問、内容一致7問の計35問です。公式サイトで最新の制度を確認してください。
このページは本番の過去問ですか？
いいえ。慶英会が独自制作した練習です。公式過去問は英検協会サイトにあります。
誤答の理由はどう復習しますか？
選択肢に含まれる強すぎる表現、記載されていない推論、主体の混同を本文へ戻って確認してください。
次の教材
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本文と問題・解答は慶英会独自の非公式創作教材です。長文は架空の研究・政策を題材としており、実在の調査報告ではありません。長文の日本語解説は要旨であり逐語訳ではありません。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する