英検準2級プラスのturn on・turn off・turn up・turn down｜熟語の独自40問【全訳】

慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介

最大1か月完全無料体験・学習相談（Web）｜公式LINEで相談｜料金・無料体験の条件

英検準2級プラスの会話・長文では、turn on・turn off・turn up・turn downを「回す」と直訳すると意味が取れません。turn on＝電源を入れる、turn off＝電源を切る、turn up＝音量を上げる／人が現れる、turn down＝音量を下げる／申し出を断るを文脈で区別することが重要です。慶英会独自の40問（短文12・書き換え12・長文4題16問）で、語法と状況判断を学びます。全問の正答・解説・全文和訳付きです。

結論｜turnの句動詞は何を動かすかで変わる

• turn on：照明・機器の電源を入れる。turn on the projector / turn it on。
• turn off：電源を切る。turn off the computer / turn it off。
• turn up：音量・明るさなどを上げる。また人が予想外に現れる。turn up the volume / Some guests turned up。
• turn down：音量などを下げるほか、申し出・招待・申込みを断る。turn down an offer / turn down the music。

turn upとturn downは、主語が人なのか、目的語が音量なのか、申込みなのかによって意味が変わります。同じturn upでも「人が現れる」と「音量を上げる」では別の出来事です。代名詞が入る場合はturn it on / turn it off / turn it up / turn it downの語順も確認しましょう。

英検準2級プラスの公式形式との関係

日本英語検定協会の準2級プラスReadingは短文空所17問、長文空所6問、内容一致8問、Listeningは会話15問と物語・説明文15問が公式形式です。公式試験内容。本記事の40問は慶英会が独自制作した練習問題で、公式過去問ではありません。

Part 1｜turnの句動詞を完成する12問

空欄にはturn on / turn off / turn up / turn downを必要な時制に合わせて入れてください。電源、音量、人物の到着、依頼の辞退を区別します。

問1

Please ___ the lights before the presentation starts.

問2

Students should ___ their computers after finishing the lesson.

問3

The audience could not hear the speaker, so the staff decided to ___ the volume.

問4

Mika had another appointment, so she had to ___ the invitation.

問5

The teacher asked the group to ___ the projector before showing the video.

問6

Please ___ the air conditioner if the room becomes too cold.

問7

Could you ___ the sound a little? I cannot hear the announcement.

問8

The center had no available places and had to ___ some late applications.

問9

As soon as the guests enter the hall, the staff will ___ the display screens.

問10

The librarian told students to ___ the desk lamps before leaving.

問11

We were surprised when three extra volunteers ___ without telling us in advance.

問12

The speaker asked us to ___ the music because it was too loud.

Part 2｜指定句動詞で書き換える12問

指定語句を使い、元の文の意味を維持して英文を作ります。代名詞の位置にも注意してください。模範解答は一例です。

問13

Switch on the classroom lights. Use turn on.

問14

Switch off the tablet after use. Use turn off.

問15

Make the audio louder. Use turn up.

問16

She politely refused the offer. Use turn down.

問17

Switch the microphone on. Use turn on.

問18

Switch the monitor off before leaving. Use turn off.

問19

Increase the volume slightly. Use turn up.

問20

The manager rejected the late request. Use turn down.

問21

Three students arrived unexpectedly. Use turn up.

問22

Make the music quieter. Use turn down.

問23

The guide started the display by switching on the screen. Use turn on.

問24

No additional volunteers arrived. Use turn up in a negative sentence.

Part 3｜図書館・文化祭・科学館の独自4長文16問

長文中のturn upとturn downには異なる意味が複数回登場します。「誰が現れたのか」「何が断られたのか」「何の音量が変わったのか」を本文の根拠から答えます。

長文1｜図書館での発表会｜音量と予期しない来訪者

Reading passage（慶英会オリジナル）

A public library hosted a student storytelling event. Before the program began, the librarian turned on the microphones and a screen showing the speakers’ names. At first, the sound was too quiet, so a volunteer turned up the volume. Later, the background music became too loud, and the organizer asked the staff to turn it down. Three students who had not registered turned up at the entrance hoping to watch. Because the room was not full, staff allowed them to enter as audience members. However, they could not join the speaking contest because registration had closed. After the event, volunteers turned off the audio equipment. The librarian explained that turning up a volume and turning up at a place are different uses of the same phrasal verb.

問25. What did the librarian turn on first?

A. The room heaters ／ B. Microphones and a display screen ／ C. Outdoor lights ／ D. The library website

問26. Why was the volume turned up initially?

A. The music was too loud ／ B. Nobody had arrived ／ C. The sound was too quiet ／ D. The room was full

問27. What did three unregistered students do?

A. They turned up at the entrance ／ B. They canceled the event ／ C. They joined the speaking contest ／ D. They operated the microphones

問28. What could the unregistered students do?

A. Compete in the contest ／ B. Receive a guaranteed speaking prize ／ C. Change the registration deadline ／ D. Watch as audience members

長文2｜学校の文化祭｜申し出を断る・機器を操作する

Reading passage（慶英会オリジナル）

A school festival committee was preparing an exhibition about local history. A company offered to supply a very large screen, but the committee turned down the offer because the exhibition room was too small. Instead, the school used an existing projector. Students turned on the projector before opening and checked that the images could be seen clearly. When the recorded guide was difficult to hear, they turned up the sound. During a short live talk, they turned the background music down so visitors could hear the speaker. A student leader was worried when two helpers did not turn up at the agreed time. They arrived fifteen minutes later after a bus delay. The exhibition opened a little late but was not canceled. The group turned off the equipment after visitors left.

問29. Why did the committee turn down the company’s offer?

A. The screen was too expensive ／ B. The room was too small ／ C. The company had no screen ／ D. The festival was canceled

問30. What did students turn on before the exhibition?

A. A new bus ／ B. The background music only ／ C. The existing projector ／ D. The school’s alarm

問31. Why was the background music turned down?

A. So visitors could hear the speaker ／ B. Because the speaker had left ／ C. To cancel the exhibition ／ D. To reduce the number of visitors

問32. Why did two helpers turn up late?

A. They had forgotten the date ／ B. They refused the event ／ C. They went to a different school ／ D. Their bus was delayed

長文3｜博物館の音声ガイド｜電源と音の調節

Reading passage（慶英会オリジナル）

A science museum introduced an audio guide for visitors. Guests could turn on a small device at the beginning of the tour and turn it off after returning it to the desk. Some visitors found the recording too quiet and were told to turn up the volume using a button on the side. Others felt the sound was too loud and preferred to turn it down. A visitor asked the museum to add a private guided tour in the evening. The manager turned down the request because no guide was available then. However, the museum offered a printed guide as an alternative. Later, a technician turned up unexpectedly to check one device that had stopped working. The museum said that the normal audio-guide service continued for other visitors while the damaged unit was being examined.

問33. What did guests turn on at the start?

A. A bus engine ／ B. The audio-guide device ／ C. A classroom computer ／ D. An exhibition light outside

問34. What should visitors do if the recording is too loud?

A. Turn up the volume ／ B. Leave the museum immediately ／ C. Turn down the volume ／ D. Cancel their reservation

問35. Why was the evening private-tour request turned down?

A. No guide was available then ／ B. The museum was permanently closed ／ C. The visitor had a paper ticket ／ D. The audio service was free

問36. Who turned up unexpectedly?

A. A student competitor ／ B. An evening tour guide ／ C. A bus driver ／ D. A technician

長文4｜地域イベント｜断られた追加申込と音響準備

Reading passage（慶英会オリジナル）

A community center was holding a talk about recycling. Staff turned on a screen and a microphone before the speaker arrived. The organizer asked the technician to turn down the background music because the audience needed to hear the talk clearly. Several people turned up without registering, and they were allowed to watch because some seats were available. Later, another group asked to add twenty more participants. The center turned down that request because it would exceed the room’s capacity. During a video demonstration, the sound was too weak, so the technician turned it up. At the end, staff turned off the screen and microphone. The organizer explained that allowing a few walk-in visitors did not mean an unlimited number of extra participants could enter.

問37. What did staff turn on before the speaker arrived?

A. The parking lights ／ B. A screen and microphone ／ C. An outdoor heater ／ D. A train information board

問38. Why did some unregistered visitors enter?

A. They were event organizers ／ B. The event had no capacity limit ／ C. There were available seats ／ D. They had special employee IDs

問39. Why did the center turn down the additional twenty-person request?

A. It would exceed the room’s capacity ／ B. The speaker was absent ／ C. The sound was too low ／ D. The video was canceled

問40. What happened during the video demonstration?

A. The room was closed ／ B. All visitors left ／ C. The audio equipment was sold ／ D. The technician turned up weak audio

復習｜同じ句動詞の意味を文脈で選ぶ

• turn on / turn offを使った機器の説明を3文ずつ作り、代名詞の語順を確認する。
• turn upの意味が「音量を上げる」「人が現れる」のどちらかを各文の主語・目的語から判断する。
• turn down an invitationとturn down the musicを比較し、断る対象と音量の違いを説明する。
• 長文1・4では未登録者が現れたことと、参加枠が無制限にあることを混同しない。
• 翌日と一週間後に全40問を解き直し、本文の断り・承諾・機器操作の事実を整理する。

よくある質問

turn upは「音量を上げる」だけですか？

いいえ。Several students turned up unexpectedly.では「生徒が予期せず現れた」という意味です。

turn downは音量以外に使えますか？

はい。turn down an offerは申し出を断る、turn down an invitationは招待を辞退する意味です。

turn it onとturn on itはどちらが自然ですか？

通常、turn onの目的語が代名詞itならturn it onと語の間に置きます。turn on itは機器の電源を入れる意味では使いません。

関連する無料教材

• come across・come up with・come out・come alongの独自40問
• give up・give away・give out・give backの独自40問
• subject to availability・upon request｜条件の独自40問

英検準2級プラスの熟語・会話・長文読解と、私立中高一貫校のNEW TREASUREの英語を合わせて学びたい方は、慶英会の最大1か月無料体験・学習相談をご確認ください。教材は申込不要で無料です。

公式出題形式：日本英語検定協会「準2級プラスの試験内容」。本記事の英文・問題・模範英文・全文和訳は慶英会の独自制作です。

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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する