慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検準2級プラスの長文でstandard・criterion・requirement・conditionをすべて「条件」と訳してしまうと、安全水準・評価項目・参加の必須要件・状況による制約を読み違えます。慶英会の独自40課題（短文12・書き換え12・長文4題16問）で、standard＝基準・規格、criterion＝判断項目、requirement＝必須要件、condition＝条件・状況の違いを学習します。
4語の使い分けと語法
- standard：安全性・品質などに求める水準。safety standards / meet a standard。
- criterion：比較・評価するときの個別基準。one criterion for evaluation。複数形は criteria。
- requirement：満たさなければならない参加・申請・実施上の要件。registration requirements。
- condition：成り立つための条件、または物事の状態・状況。on the condition that … / weather conditions。
語の意味が重なる場合もあります。たとえば safety requirements と safety standards はどちらも自然です。この教材では、何を測る基準なのか、参加資格なのか、天候などによる実施条件なのかを文脈から読む練習にします。
英検準2級プラスReadingとの関係
英検準2級プラスのReadingは短文語句空所17問・長文空所6問・内容一致8問です。日本英語検定協会・準2級プラス試験内容。Eメールや説明文で、参加条件と審査基準、期限と例外を分けて読む力を養います。
Part 1｜短文語法12問
問題1
Q1. The laboratory follows a strict safety ___ when storing chemicals.
A. standard ／ B. survey ／ C. receipt ／ D. salary
Q1｜正解と全文和訳
正解：A. standard。safety standard＝守るべき水準・規格。
和訳：実験室は化学薬品の保管に厳しい安全基準を守る。
問題2
Q2. One ___ for choosing the winning project was the clarity of its explanation.
A. reservation ／ B. criterion ／ C. experiment ／ D. deadline
Q2｜正解と全文和訳
正解：B. criterion。criterion は個別の評価基準。複数形はcriteria。
和訳：優秀作品を選ぶ評価項目の一つは説明の分かりやすさだった。
問題3
Q3. A completed permission form is a ___ for taking part in the trip.
A. prediction ／ B. benefit ／ C. requirement ／ D. recommendation only
Q3｜正解と全文和訳
正解：C. requirement。requirement for participation＝必須の要件。
和訳：記入済みの許可書は遠足への参加に必要な条件だ。
問題4
Q4. The outdoor lesson will go ahead on the ___ that the weather remains safe.
A. receipt ／ B. salary ／ C. comparison ／ D. condition
Q4｜正解と全文和訳
正解：D. condition。under the condition that … は成立条件。より自然な on condition that もある。
和訳：天候が安全であるという条件の下で屋外授業は実施される。
問題5
Q5. The school introduced a higher ___ for the accuracy of published information.
A. standard ／ B. reward ／ C. appointment ／ D. clue
Q5｜正解と全文和訳
正解：A. standard。a higher standard of accuracy。
和訳：学校は公開情報の正確さについてより高い基準を導入した。
問題6
Q6. The survey team chose reliability as an important ___ for evaluating each website.
A. equipment ／ B. criterion ／ C. result ／ D. deadline
Q6｜正解と全文和訳
正解：B. criterion。evaluation criterion＝評価項目の一つ。
和訳：調査チームは各サイトを評価する重要な項目として信頼性を選んだ。
問題7
Q7. Attending safety training is a compulsory ___ before volunteers can use the tools.
A. goal ／ B. suggestion ／ C. requirement ／ D. reward
Q7｜正解と全文和訳
正解：C. requirement。compulsory requirement＝必須要件。
和訳：安全研修への参加はボランティアが道具を使う前の必須要件だ。
問題8
Q8. The organizers said that refunds were possible only on the ___ that receipts were provided.
A. schedule ／ B. method ／ C. material ／ D. condition
Q8｜正解と全文和訳
正解：D. condition。on the condition that＋節＝～という条件で。
和訳：レシートが提示されるという条件でのみ返金できると主催者は述べた。
問題9
Q9. The devices were checked against an international ___ for electrical safety.
A. standard ／ B. discussion ／ C. invitation ／ D. habit
Q9｜正解と全文和訳
正解：A. standard。international standard＝国際的に共有される規格。
和訳：機器は電気安全の国際規格と照合された。
問題10
Q10. The committee used cost as one ___ when comparing the three proposals.
A. goal ／ B. criterion ／ C. poster ／ D. notification
Q10｜正解と全文和訳
正解：B. criterion。one criterion＝一つの評価基準。
和訳：委員会は3案を比較する評価項目の一つとして費用を使った。
問題11
Q11. Registration by Monday was a ___ for entering the small workshop.
A. benefit ／ B. possibility ／ C. requirement ／ D. prediction
Q11｜正解と全文和訳
正解：C. requirement。registration requirement。
和訳：月曜までの登録は小講習に入るための必須条件だった。
問題12
Q12. The festival can continue on the ___ that the park is judged safe after inspection.
A. resource ／ B. equipment ／ C. deadline ／ D. condition
Q12｜正解と全文和訳
正解：D. condition。on the condition that の用法。
和訳：点検後に公園が安全と判断されることを条件に祭りは続けられる。
Part 2｜書き換え12問
問題13
Q13. Rewrite using standard: The products must meet a recognized level of safety.
Q13｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The products must meet a recognized safety standard.
和訳：製品は認められた安全基準を満たさなければならない。
解説：meet a standard＝基準を満たす。
問題14
Q14. Rewrite using criterion: The price is one factor used to judge the proposals.
Q14｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：Price is one criterion for evaluating the proposals.
和訳：価格は提案を評価する一つの基準だ。
解説：one criterion、複数ならcriteria。
問題15
Q15. Rewrite using requirement: Students must bring permission forms to join.
Q15｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：A permission form is a requirement for students to join.
和訳：参加には許可書が必要条件だ。
解説：requirement for participation。
問題16
Q16. Rewrite using condition: The trip can proceed only if the weather is safe.
Q16｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The trip can proceed on the condition that the weather is safe.
和訳：天候が安全である条件で遠足は実施できる。
解説：on the condition that。
問題17
Q17. Rewrite using standard: The school set a high level of accuracy for its reports.
Q17｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The school set a high standard of accuracy for its reports.
和訳：学校は報告書の正確性に高い水準を定めた。
解説：standard of accuracy。
問題18
Q18. Rewrite using criterion: Clear explanations are one way of judging student projects.
Q18｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：Clarity is one criterion for judging student projects.
和訳：説明の明瞭さは生徒の計画を評価する基準の一つだ。
解説：one criterion for doing。
問題19
Q19. Rewrite using requirement: Applicants need a valid student card.
Q19｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：A valid student card is a requirement for applicants.
和訳：有効な生徒証は応募者の必須要件だ。
解説：formal requirement。
問題20
Q20. Rewrite using condition: Visitors may enter if they wear safety equipment.
Q20｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：Visitors may enter on the condition that they wear safety equipment.
和訳：安全器具を着ける条件で来訪者は入場できる。
解説：condition that＋節。
問題21
Q21. Rewrite using standard: The factory follows rules for safe storage recognized across the industry.
Q21｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The factory follows industry standards for safe storage.
和訳：工場は安全保管の業界基準に従う。
解説：industry standards。
問題22
Q22. Rewrite using criterion: The number of users was one factor in the final decision.
Q22｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The number of users was one criterion in the final decision.
和訳：利用者数は最終判断の評価基準の一つだった。
解説：evaluation criterion。
問題23
Q23. Rewrite using requirement: Volunteers must complete training before using equipment.
Q23｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：Completing training is a requirement before volunteers use equipment.
和訳：器具使用前の研修修了が必要要件だ。
解説：requirement before＋節。
問題24
Q24. Rewrite using condition: The club will meet outdoors only if it does not rain.
Q24｜模範解答と和訳
模範解答：The club will meet outdoors on the condition that it does not rain.
和訳：雨が降らない条件でクラブは屋外に集まる。
解説：on the condition that it …。
Part 3｜長文4題・内容一致16問
長文A｜学校の科学展示の審査
英文：A secondary school organized an exhibition of original science projects. The organizers published a safety standard requiring every project to use equipment that could be handled without harmful chemicals. Teachers checked the projects before students brought them into the exhibition room.
The judging committee explained its criteria for selecting awards. One criterion was whether students could clearly explain their methods. Another was the quality of the evidence supporting their conclusions. The committee warned that a complicated project would not automatically receive a high score.
Each group also had to submit a registration form and a short project description. These were requirements for participating, not award criteria. Outdoor demonstrations were allowed on the condition that the weather remained safe. When strong winds were forecast, organizers moved those activities indoors.
The school later asked students whether the written instructions were easy to understand. Some groups had confused participation requirements with the criteria used for awards, so the school prepared a clearer guide for the following year.
Q25. What was part of the safety standard?
A. Using equipment without harmful chemicals ／ B. Allowing every chemical experiment ／ C. Giving all projects awards ／ D. Ignoring teacher checks
Q25｜正答・本文根拠
正解：A. Using equipment without harmful chemicals。safety standard was safe equipment without harmful chemicals。
Q26. What was one award criterion?
A. Having the largest poster ／ B. Clarity when explaining the method ／ C. Submitting a form late ／ D. Being the oldest student
Q26｜正答・本文根拠
正解：B. Clarity when explaining the method。one criterion was clarity of methods。
Q27. What was a participation requirement?
A. Winning an award ／ B. Using difficult words ／ C. Submitting registration and a project description ／ D. Receiving a perfect score
Q27｜正答・本文根拠
正解：C. Submitting registration and a project description。registration and short project description were requirements。
Q28. Under what condition were outdoor demonstrations allowed?
A. When the library was closed ／ B. When the event lasted two days ／ C. When every student had a camera ／ D. When the weather remained safe
Q28｜正答・本文根拠
正解：D. When the weather remained safe。on the condition that weather was safe。
長文A｜学校の科学展示の審査｜全文和訳
中等学校は独自の科学研究展示会を開き、危険な薬品なしで扱える機器を使うという安全基準を発表した。教師は搬入前に作品を確認した。審査委員会は受賞者を決める評価基準を示し、一つは実験方法の説明の明瞭さ、もう一つは結論を裏付ける証拠の質だった。複雑な作品だからといって自動的に高得点にはならなかった。各班は登録書と研究説明を提出する必要があったが、それは参加要件であり審査の評価項目ではない。屋外の実演は天候が安全であることを条件に認められ、強風予報では屋内に移動した。後に生徒から意見を集めたところ、参加要件と審査基準を混同する班もあったので翌年の案内を改善した。
長文B｜町の水飲み場を設置する
英文：A town considered installing public water refill stations near its parks. Engineers first checked whether each proposed location could meet the town’s safety standards for clean drinking water. Several sites needed improvements before they could be approved.
The council then evaluated proposals using a list of criteria. One criterion was how easily people using wheelchairs could reach a station. Another was the long-term cost of maintenance. Officials explained that a station’s popularity alone should not determine the decision.
Local businesses interested in helping the project had to provide proof of registration and a description of their services. These were requirements for becoming project partners. The town agreed to consider outdoor events using the stations on the condition that organizers could keep them clean and inspect them regularly.
After consulting residents, the council decided to test two locations before installing more stations. It wanted to compare real use with the original estimates and identify any difficulties experienced by visitors.
Q29. What did the engineers check first?
A. Water-safety standards ／ B. Music at the park ／ C. Students’ reading habits ／ D. Bus ticket prices
Q29｜正答・本文根拠
正解：A. Water-safety standards。clean drinking water standards。
Q30. What was one criterion for choosing a site?
A. The size of its poster ／ B. Wheelchair accessibility ／ C. Only how old the park was ／ D. Whether it had a museum
Q30｜正答・本文根拠
正解：B. Wheelchair accessibility。easy access for wheelchair users。
Q31. What did businesses need to provide?
A. Only a personal opinion ／ B. Only equipment photos ／ C. Registration proof and service description ／ D. A school timetable
Q31｜正答・本文根拠
正解：C. Registration proof and service description。partner requirements were registration proof and service description。
Q32. What condition applied to using stations at outdoor events?
A. All events were free ／ B. The park was closed ／ C. There was no maintenance ／ D. Cleaning and regular inspection could be carried out
Q32｜正答・本文根拠
正解：D. Cleaning and regular inspection could be carried out。clean and inspect regularly was the condition。
長文B｜町の水飲み場を設置する｜全文和訳
町は公園の近くに公共給水設備を設置することを検討し、技術者は各候補地が飲料水の安全基準を満たせるか確認した。一部は承認前の改善が必要だった。議会は評価基準として車いす利用者のアクセスの容易さと長期保守費を用い、人気だけで決めてはいけないと説明した。協力を希望する企業には登録証明とサービス説明が参加要件だった。屋外行事での設備利用は清掃・定期点検を実施できる条件で検討した。住民の意見を受け、増設前に2地点を試験し、見積もりと実際の利用を比べる方針となった。
長文C｜地域の公共図書館を改修する
英文：A public library reviewed plans for renovating its study areas. Building experts said the work had to meet recognized safety standards, including clear emergency exits and safe electrical installations. The library could not begin construction until those basic issues had been checked.
To choose between designs, the committee used several criteria. It considered the number of seats, accessibility and the cost of future repairs. A proposal with the highest number of seats was not automatically the best if wheelchair users could not reach them.
Contractors applying for the work were required to submit valid registration documents and proof of suitable experience. These were requirements for being considered, not guarantees of receiving the contract. The renovation was expected to continue on the condition that the library could keep at least one accessible study space open during the work.
Staff consulted students and older residents before choosing a final design. They also prepared printed notices so that people without smartphones could learn about temporary changes to opening hours.
Q33. Which issue was covered by safety standards?
A. The color of posters ／ B. Emergency exits and electrical safety ／ C. The names of library visitors ／ D. Only the number of books
Q33｜正答・本文根拠
正解：B. Emergency exits and electrical safety。safety standards included exits and electrical installations。
Q34. Why was the highest-seat design not automatically best?
A. It had no written schedule ／ B. All designs were identical ／ C. Accessibility also mattered ／ D. No one wanted to study
Q34｜正答・本文根拠
正解：C. Accessibility also mattered。wheelchair access also assessed。
Q35. What documents were required from contractors?
A. A school diploma only ／ B. A festival ticket ／ C. A bus timetable ／ D. Registration and experience records
Q35｜正答・本文根拠
正解：D. Registration and experience records。registration and experience were requirements。
Q36. What condition applied during renovation?
A. Keep at least one accessible study space open ／ B. Close the library permanently ／ C. Remove all desks immediately ／ D. Ban printed notices
Q36｜正答・本文根拠
正解：A. Keep at least one accessible study space open。condition that one accessible study space remain open。
長文C｜地域の公共図書館を改修する｜全文和訳
公共図書館は自習区域の改修案を検討した。専門家は緊急出口や電気設備など認められた安全基準を満たす必要があり、確認前には工事を始められないと説明した。委員会は席数・アクセス・将来の修理費を評価項目にし、席数が最大でも車いす利用者が使えなければ必ずしも最良ではないと述べた。工事を希望する業者には有効な登録書類と経験の証明が必須だったが、応募条件を満たすことは受注の保証ではなかった。工事中も少なくとも一つの利用しやすい自習場所を開けておく条件で改修を進める予定とした。職員は生徒と高齢住民の声を聞き、ネットを使わない人向けの紙の通知も準備した。
長文D｜学校の農園活動の評価
英文：A school began a gardening program for younger students. Before lessons started, the teacher set safety standards for using tools and walking near the water tank. Each group had to demonstrate that it understood the rules.
The school also decided how to evaluate the program. Its criteria included students’ ability to explain their observations and whether each group kept accurate records. Harvesting the greatest amount of vegetables was not a criterion, because some plants needed more time to grow.
There were requirements for participation. Families needed to provide permission forms, and students had to complete a short safety lesson. Outdoor work could continue on the condition that weather forecasts did not indicate dangerous winds or lightning.
At the end of the first month, most pupils reported enjoying the activities, but the teacher did not assume that enjoyment alone proved science learning had improved. The school planned to compare students’ explanations and practical skills later in the term.
Q37. What was covered by the safety standards?
A. Only the price of vegetables ／ B. Only students’ homework ／ C. Safe tool use and movement near the tank ／ D. The school’s history
Q37｜正答・本文根拠
正解：C. Safe tool use and movement near the tank。tool use and walking near water tank。
Q38. What was one evaluation criterion?
A. The biggest harvest alone ／ B. The number of visitors ／ C. The color of every tool ／ D. Accurate observation records
Q38｜正答・本文根拠
正解：D. Accurate observation records。accurate records were an evaluation criterion。
Q39. What was a participation requirement?
A. Permission forms and a safety lesson ／ B. A perfect examination score ／ C. A special garden prize ／ D. Purchasing expensive equipment
Q39｜正答・本文根拠
正解：A. Permission forms and a safety lesson。permission and safety lesson were required。
Q40. When could outdoor work continue?
A. Whenever any student asked ／ B. If there were no warnings of dangerous wind or lightning ／ C. Even when lightning was expected ／ D. Only on school holidays
Q40｜正答・本文根拠
正解：B. If there were no warnings of dangerous wind or lightning。condition about safe weather forecasts。
長文D｜学校の農園活動の評価｜全文和訳
学校は年少の生徒向け菜園活動を始め、道具や水タンクの近くでの移動に関する安全基準を定め、各班に理解を示すよう求めた。事業の評価基準には観察の説明力と正確な記録を含めた。収穫量の最大化は評価項目ではなく、植物によって育つ時間が違うからだった。参加には家庭の許可書と短い安全講習が必要だった。屋外作業は危険な強風や雷の予報がない条件で続けられた。最初の月の感想は大半が好意的だったが、楽しいという声だけで理科学習が改善したとは断定せず、後の時期に説明力と実践技能を比較する予定だった。
4語を読解で見分ける復習
- standard：誰が求める何の水準か。
- criterion：何と何を比較・審査する個別の基準か。
- requirement：満たさないと参加・申請できない必須事項か。
- condition：天候や運用などの条件により実施が変わるか。
- 複数形 criteria を criterion と混同せず、長文の評価基準を一覧にする。
よくある質問
criterion の複数形は criteria ですか？
はい。criterion は単数形、criteria は複数形です。one criterion / several criteria と使います。
requirement と condition は同じですか？
重なることがありますが、requirement は必要とされる要件、condition は成立条件や環境・状態にも使うという幅の違いがあります。
関連する無料教材
関連する独自教材：choice・option・alternative・preference｜選択・代替案の独自40問。解答・全文和訳付きの40課題で語法と長文の使い分けを復習できます。
関連する慶英会の無料教材：available・accessible・convenient・suitable｜利用可能と適切の40問。学習テーマの異なる独自40課題で、語法と読解の確認を進められます。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する