慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検準1級のportray・depict・illustrate・demonstrate・representは、どれも『示す・描く・表す』と訳される場面があります。しかしportrayは人物像を描く、depictは場面や物の姿を描写する、illustrateは具体例を使い考えを説明する、demonstrateは動作・根拠などを実際に示す、representは人や集団を代表したり図の記号が数字を表したりすることです。慶英会の独自40課題で、典型的な目的語と文脈を整理します。
本教材は英検準1級の短文語句空所・長文理解のために慶英会が創作したオリジナル問題です。実在の研究・歴史資料や公式過去問を再現していません。描写と証明を同一視しないよう、場面の主語と何を示したかを確認します。
5語の代表的な使い方
portray someone as a cautious leader＝人物を慎重な指導者として描く。depict a coastal village＝沿岸の村を絵などで描く。illustrate a point with an example＝具体例で論点を説明。demonstrate how a device works＝機器の使い方を実演。represent local residents＝住民の代表となる。図の記号が人数・回答件数を示す場合もrepresentを使います。
演習の判断ポイント
主語が小説や映画なら人物の描き方が重要か、景色そのものを視覚的に描いているか。教師なら例で説明するのか実演するのか。会議の委員なら誰を代表するか。図表なら記号が何を示すか。語の意味が近くても、目的と対象によって自然な表現が変わります。
Part A｜場面を判断する4択20問
Q1. A novel presents its main character as careful and reluctant to take risks. Which phrase describes the characterization?
A. portray the character as cautious
B. represent the number of visitors
C. illustrate a calculation with an example
D. demonstrate a device in a laboratory
Q2. A watercolor painting shows an old village with narrow streets and small houses. Which phrase is most specific?
A. represent voters on a committee
B. depict an old village
C. prove a scientific theory
D. illustrate a rule with a numerical example
Q3. To explain why average figures can mislead, a teacher gives the class a numerical example. The teacher aims to…
A. represent the students in a council
B. portray a fictional character
C. illustrate the point with an example
D. depict a historical building in a painting
Q4. An engineer uses a working model to show visitors how a safety device operates. The engineer will…
A. portray a character as brave
B. represent a city council
C. depict a landscape in a drawing
D. demonstrate the device’s operation
Q5. A delegate speaks on behalf of local students at a planning committee meeting. The delegate will…
A. represent the students
B. depict the school’s buildings in a drawing
C. illustrate a rule with a graph
D. demonstrate a mechanical experiment
Q6. A documentary describes an explorer as unusually determined despite setbacks. It attempts to…
A. represent a percentage in a chart
B. portray the explorer as determined
C. demonstrate how to install equipment
D. illustrate an equation with two numbers
Q7. A sketch shows the shape of a bridge before the repairs began. What does the sketch do?
A. speak on behalf of residents
B. prove all costs were necessary
C. depict the bridge’s original appearance
D. demonstrate a running motor
Q8. A trainer uses one specific case to make a general safety rule easier to understand. The trainer will…
A. represent the entire town officially
B. portray a villain as humorous
C. depict the room’s shape in a photograph
D. illustrate the rule with a case
Q9. A student operates a model water filter in front of classmates to show each step in practice. The student will…
A. demonstrate the filtering procedure
B. represent a financial amount in a table
C. portray a character’s personality
D. depict an old photograph
Q10. In a graph’s legend, each blue square stands for ten recorded responses. The squares…
A. portray people as impatient
B. represent ten responses each
C. illustrate a rule by telling a story
D. demonstrate that every respondent benefited
Q11. A film shows a teacher as a patient and supportive mentor. Which verb fits this characterization?
A. represent a voting district
B. illustrate an algebra problem
C. portray the teacher as supportive
D. demonstrate a machine’s speed
Q12. An archaeological illustration shows the arrangement of houses in a reconstructed settlement. It aims to…
A. represent modern residents at a meeting
B. demonstrate that all reconstructions are certain
C. illustrate a budget rule with spending figures
D. depict the settlement’s layout
Q13. A teacher compares two different class sizes to explain why percentages need clear denominators. She will…
A. illustrate the issue through comparison
B. represent a professional association
C. portray the school principal in a film
D. depict a lake in oil paint
Q14. A scientist repeats a simple experiment in public so people can watch the process. The scientist will…
A. portray a fictional explorer
B. demonstrate the experiment
C. represent the audience in negotiations
D. depict the river valley in a picture
Q15. An elected member acts for the residents of one district in a municipal assembly. The member will…
A. depict the city in a drawing
B. illustrate a formula using examples
C. represent district residents
D. demonstrate a laboratory skill
Q16. A biography describes its subject as ambitious but sometimes impatient. Which action is involved?
A. demonstrating a physical process
B. representing five numerical units
C. illustrating a policy using a single graph
D. portraying the subject as ambitious
Q17. A photograph shows a narrow street and the buildings along it. It can…
A. depict the street and buildings
B. serve as a delegate for residents
C. demonstrate the financial success of a policy
D. illustrate a mathematical formula with numbers
Q18. A writer provides a short imagined case to clarify a general moral dilemma. The case serves to…
A. represent an elected district
B. illustrate the dilemma
C. depict a specific building photographically
D. demonstrate a tested machine
Q19. An instructor operates a device step by step to show new employees its correct use. The instructor will…
A. represent the company as its elected delegate
B. depict its historical location
C. demonstrate its correct use
D. portray a character as brave
Q20. A data label states that one icon equals five completed surveys. What does the icon do?
A. portray a fictional person
B. depict a historic town
C. demonstrate a causal effect
D. represent five completed surveys
Part A｜全解答・和訳・語義
A1. A portray the character as cautious。和訳：小説が主人公を慎重で危険を避ける性格として描く。 解説：portray someone as … は人物の印象・性格の表現。
A2. B depict an old village。和訳：水彩画が細い道と小さな家のある村の景色を描く。 解説：depict a scene visually。
A3. C illustrate the point with an example。和訳：平均値の問題を具体的な数の例で説明する。 解説：illustrate an abstract point with an example。
A4. D demonstrate the device’s operation。和訳：技術者が作動する模型を使い安全装置の操作を実演する。 解説：demonstrate how something works＝実演する。
A5. A represent the students。和訳：代表者が地域の生徒に代わり会議で発言する。 解説：represent a group＝代表する。
A6. B portray the explorer as determined。和訳：ドキュメンタリーが探検家を決意の固い人物として表現する。 解説：portray a person as …。
A7. C depict the bridge’s original appearance。和訳：スケッチが修理前の橋の外観を描写する。 解説：depict a physical scene。
A8. D illustrate the rule with a case。和訳：研修担当が具体的事例で一般安全規則を説明する。 解説：illustrate a rule with an example。
A9. A demonstrate the filtering procedure。和訳：生徒が水フィルター模型を動かし実際の手順を実演する。 解説：demonstrate a procedure。
A10. B represent ten responses each。和訳：グラフ凡例では青四角1個が回答10件を示す。 解説：symbol represents a quantity。
A11. C portray the teacher as supportive。和訳：映画で教師が忍耐強く支援的な人物として描かれる。 解説：人物像の描写はportray。
A12. D depict the settlement’s layout。和訳：考古学の復元図が集落の家の配置を描く。 解説：depict the physical arrangement。復元は推定であり確定ではない。
A13. A illustrate the issue through comparison。和訳：教師が二つのクラス人数を比較し分母の重要性を説明する。 解説：illustrate the issue through examples。
A14. B demonstrate the experiment。和訳：科学者が見学者の前で実験を繰り返し実演する。 解説：demonstrate an experiment。
A15. C represent district residents。和訳：選出された議員が地区住民の代表として議会に参加する。 解説：represent constituents。
A16. D portraying the subject as ambitious。和訳：伝記が対象人物を野心的だが時にせっかちと描く。 解説：portray the personality。
A17. A depict the street and buildings。和訳：写真が道と周囲の建物を写す。 解説：depict a visual scene。
A18. B illustrate the dilemma。和訳：作家が一般的な倫理上の問題を短い仮例で明確にする。 解説：illustrate an abstract concept。
A19. C demonstrate its correct use。和訳：指導員が実際に装置を操作し正しい使い方を示す。 解説：demonstrate practical use。
A20. D represent five completed surveys。和訳：図表中の1アイコンが完了した調査5件を示す。 解説：represent numerical meaning。
Part B｜和文英訳・書換え8問
Q21. 『映画は彼女を慎重な指導者として描く』をportrayで書く。
Q22. 『その絵は川沿いの古い村を描いている』をdepictで書く。
Q23. 『教師は具体例を用いて規則を説明した』をillustrateで書く。
Q24. 『技術者は装置の操作を実演する』をdemonstrateで書く。
Q25. 『その委員は地域の利用者を代表する』をrepresentで書く。
Q26. 『写真で描かれていても測定結果の証明にはならない』をdepictで書く。
Q27. 『一つの例は概念を説明できても全ての事例の成功を証明しない』をillustrateで書く。
Q28. 『図の点は人の数ではなく回答の件数を表す』をrepresentで書く。
Part B｜模範英文と解説
A21. The film portrays her as a cautious leader. 解説：portray A as Bの形。
A22. The painting depicts an old village beside a river. 解説：物理的な場面の描写。
A23. The teacher illustrated the rule with a concrete example. 解説：illustrate an idea with an example。
A24. The engineer demonstrates how to operate the device. 解説：demonstrate how to …。
A25. The committee member represents local service users. 解説：集団の代表として行動する。
A26. A photograph may depict a scene without proving a claim about its causes. 解説：画像と因果の証明は別。
A27. One example may illustrate a concept without demonstrating that it works in every case. 解説：illustrateとdemonstrateの強さ・役割を区別する。
A28. The dots in the chart represent responses, not necessarily different people. 解説：記号の意味を正確にする。
Part C｜独自3長文・12課題と全文和訳
長文1｜博物館の展示図と歴史の解釈
A local museum prepared an exhibition about an old riverside village. Its paintings depicted the narrow streets and wooden houses described in surviving records. One short film portrayed a merchant as an adventurous person who enjoyed taking risks. The curator warned that this characterization was an interpretation, not a fact established by every historical source. Teachers used the paintings to illustrate how the settlement’s design may have affected travel through the village. During a workshop, a guide demonstrated how a model bridge could be assembled. A resident committee member represented local groups during discussions about the exhibition. The museum explained that a visual depiction, a personal portrayal, an educational example, a demonstration, and an elected representative served different purposes.
【全文和訳】博物館は古い川沿いの村の展示を準備した。絵画は残る記録にある細い道と木造家屋を描いた。短編映像は商人を冒険好きと描いたが、館長はそれが全史料で確定した事実ではなく解釈だと指摘。教師は絵を使い町並みの設計と移動の関係を例示し、案内係は橋模型の組み立てを実演。地域委員は住民団体を代表して展示の議論に参加した。
Q29. What did the paintings depict?
Q30. How did the film portray the merchant?
Q31. What did the guide demonstrate?
Q32. Who represented community groups?
長文の全解答・根拠
A29. The village’s streets and wooden houses. 解説：物理的な場面の描写。
A30. As an adventurous person who enjoyed risks. 解説：人物像の表現。
A31. The assembly of a model bridge. 解説：実際の手順を示した。
A32. A resident committee member. 解説：集団の代表。
長文2｜学校の科学資料と実際の実験
A secondary school displayed a diagram showing the arrangement of a small water-filtering system. The drawing depicted the physical connections between its containers. An instructor used the diagram to illustrate the idea that water can move through several stages. Later, students demonstrated how their model operated by pouring water into its first container and observing the outcome. One student claimed that the model proved all river water could be made safe in the same way. The teacher corrected this interpretation: a classroom demonstration had not established suitability for every water source or medical safety. The school’s science representative then presented the group’s findings to a student committee, making clear which results were directly observed and which questions remained open.
【全文和訳】中等学校は小さな水フィルターの図を展示し、図は容器間の物理的な接続を描いた。教師はその図を使い水が複数段階を通る仕組みを例示。生徒は模型へ水を流して動作を実演した。しかし全ての川の水を同様に安全にできる証明だという生徒の主張を教師が訂正し、実演だけでは全水源への適合性・安全性は確立しないと説明した。代表生徒は観測済みと未確定を区別して結果を委員会へ説明した。
Q33. What did the diagram depict?
Q34. What idea did the instructor illustrate?
Q35. What did the students demonstrate?
Q36. What did the demonstration not establish?
長文の全解答・根拠
A33. Physical connections between the containers. 解説：図の構造。
A34. Water passing through several stages. 解説：抽象的な仕組みの説明。
A35. Operation of their classroom filter model. 解説：目の前の模型の動作。
A36. That all river water could safely be processed by the same method. 解説：一般化できない結果。
長文3｜住民への調査説明と数値の図表
A town office prepared materials describing a trial of new information signs. An illustrator depicted the proposed location and appearance of the signs in a drawing. In a short video, a fictional visitor was portrayed as confused by the old directions. Officials explained that this scene was created to illustrate a possible user difficulty, not to represent an actual interviewed resident. The office’s graph used small squares to represent counts of responses, with one square standing for ten recorded answers. During a public meeting, an employee demonstrated how to read the signs using a model hallway. A delegate represented local residents who wanted better accessibility. The office emphasized that the video and graph served different functions and neither alone proved that the proposed signs would help every user.
【全文和訳】町の窓口は新しい案内標識の試行を説明する資料を準備し、イラストには標識の位置・見た目を描いた。短編動画では架空の来訪者を旧案内に困る人物として描いたが、それは実在のインタビュー対象者ではなく利用上の問題を説明するための仮の例。グラフでは四角1つを記録回答10件として表した。職員は模型の廊下で標識の読み方を実演し、代表者が住民の希望を伝えた。動画と数字は役割が違い、どちらも新標識が全員に有効なことの証明ではない。
Q37. What was depicted in the illustration?
Q38. Was the video visitor an actual interviewed resident?
Q39. What did each square in the graph represent?
Q40. What did the employee demonstrate?
長文の全解答・根拠
A37. The proposed location and appearance of signs. 解説：提案中の標識の視覚表現。
A38. No. The character was fictional. 解説：説明用の人物表現。
A39. Ten recorded responses. 解説：記号と分母の区別。
A40. How to interpret the signs in a model hallway. 解説：案内の読み方を実演。
Readingで混同しやすい点
A painting depicts the old town. は町並みを描くことであり、全ての細部が歴史的に証明されたわけではありません。A teacher illustrates a point with an example. は具体例で考え方を分かりやすくすることです。A model demonstrates one procedure. も他の条件で同じ成果が必ず出るという保証ではありません。Representは集団の代表だけでなく、図表の数値の意味も表します。
7日間の復習
1日目：5語の目的語・連語を整理。2日目：Q1〜10。3日目：Q11〜20。4日目：英訳Q21〜24。5日目：Q25〜28。6日目：3長文の描写・例示・実演・代表を分類。7日目：準1級公式過去問の社会・文化・科学題材に応用してください。
FAQ｜portrayとdepictは交換できますか？
人物・場面の描写で重なることがあります。portrayは人物像の表現、depictは視覚的な場面や物の描写に焦点を置くことが多いです。自然な目的語と文脈を確認しましょう。
FAQ｜illustrateとdemonstrateの違いは？
illustrateは例・図を使って説明すること、demonstrateは動作の実演や根拠の提示を強調します。意味が重なる場合でも何を示しているかを確認してください。
関連する慶英会教材
推論と示唆の語彙40問 ／ 引用・情報源の長文30課題 ／ 客観性・公平性の語彙40問
公式情報
準1級の試験内容 ／ 公式過去問。例文・長文・設問は慶英会の独自制作です。
無料体験・学習相談
英検準1級の類義語や長文の表現を学びたい場合は、慶英会の最大1か月無料体験・学習相談をご利用ください。
最大1か月完全無料体験・学習相談受付中
最大1か月の完全無料体験をご案内
学校教材・学力・目標に合わせた個別指導
入塾前に授業の進め方や講師との相性をお確かめください。
学校英語・定期テスト・英検の学習相談にも対応します。
保護者様の教育相談も無料で承ります。
1.学年 2. 学習目標 3.体験ご希望をお送りください。
体験の期間・回数・担当講師・日程は、ご希望と受付状況を確認してご案内します。
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する