慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検1級Writing無料模試・第21セットです。慶英会独自の英文要約2題・意見英作文2題・模範英文4本と、原文理解12問・誤文修正12問の独自24問を全解答付きで公開します。今回のテーマは公共施設の蓄電池と多言語の洪水警報。論点の正確性と政策の実施条件を重視した非公式教材です。
英検1級の英文要約は90〜110語、意見英作文は200〜240語が目安で、ReadingとWritingは合計100分です。要約の90〜110語は2025年度から指示文で範囲が明示されています。日本英語検定協会の公式形式を参照して練習してください。
結論｜要約と英作文の論理の違い
- 要約では原文の主旨を優先し、原文にない新しい意見や統計を加えない。
- 事実と推測、期待と実証、影響と原因の区別を維持する。
- 意見英作文では立場・異なる3理由・反論への対応・結論を整える。
- 実際の解答を先に作成した後、模範英文と語数・内容・語彙・文法を比較する。
Set A｜英文要約：公共施設の蓄電池と非常時の電力供給
Task: Summarize the following passage in English between 90 and 110 words.
Paragraph 1：The fictional municipality of Eldermere proposed installing shared battery systems in several public buildings, including libraries and neighborhood health centers. Officials hoped that storing electricity during periods of lower demand could help reduce pressure on the local grid. They also argued that selected buildings might provide limited services during power outages if the batteries were properly maintained. An early engineering estimate predicted lower electricity costs and improved emergency preparedness. Some council members described the projection as proof that every public facility should receive a battery immediately, even though actual performance had not yet been observed.
Paragraph 2：Engineers identified limitations in this interpretation. Different buildings required different amounts of power, and a battery large enough for lighting might not support medical refrigerators or specialized equipment. Maintenance, replacement, and fire-safety requirements also varied. Moreover, batteries did not generate electricity; their usefulness depended on how and when they were charged. If they were filled during periods when the electricity system was already under strain, they might increase rather than ease demand. The engineers recommended assessing each building’s essential functions and comparing total costs with alternative improvements, including efficiency measures and backup generators.
Paragraph 3：Eldermere launched a pilot in two libraries and a health center. Staff tracked charging patterns, energy bills, battery condition, and which services could operate during controlled outage exercises. The trial showed that some lighting and communication systems could continue functioning temporarily. However, no actual prolonged outage occurred during the study, so the findings could not establish performance in every emergency. Researchers also noticed that the health center had recently installed more efficient equipment, complicating estimates of how much of its lower electricity use was attributable to the battery system. Independent evaluators called for clearer separation of these effects.
Paragraph 4：At the end of the pilot, the council approved further installations only where technical assessments showed sufficient safety and practical benefit. It established procedures for checking battery condition and explaining which public services could realistically remain available during an outage. Officials also continued investment in reducing energy use and maintaining existing emergency equipment. The final report concluded that community batteries could support resilience and grid management, but neither the number of installations nor optimistic cost forecasts proved their overall value. Decisions should depend on verified performance, lifecycle costs, and the specific needs of each facility.
Set Aの日本語段落別要点訳
第1段落：架空のエルダーミア市は図書館と地域診療施設に蓄電池を設置し、電力需要が少ない時間に充電してピーク負荷を抑え、停電時にも一部サービスを続けることを期待した。初期予測は良好だったが実際の運用成果はまだ確認されていないのに、全施設への即時導入を求める声があった。
第2段落：建物ごとに必要な電力量が違い、照明に使える電池でも医療用冷蔵庫には不足するかもしれない。保守・交換・火災安全の費用も異なる。電池は発電せず、電力網が混雑する時間に充電すれば負担が増えることもあるため、施設の必須機能と代替手段を比較すべきとされた。
第3段落：図書館2館と診療施設1か所で試行したところ、計画停電訓練では一部の照明と通信を維持できた。しかし実際の長期停電はなく、全災害への性能は証明できなかった。診療所では省エネ機器も同時に導入されており、電気使用量の改善を蓄電池のみの成果と見なせない。
第4段落：安全性・実用上の便益が確認された施設から追加導入し、電池の状態検査と停電時に維持できるサービスを明示する。省エネと既存の非常用設備の維持も続けた。導入台数ではなく実績・生涯費用・施設固有のニーズで評価する。
Set A｜意見英作文のTOPIC
Should local governments invest more in shared battery systems for public buildings? Give THREE reasons. Suggested length: 200–240 words.
Set B｜英文要約：洪水警報の多言語化と情報伝達
Task: Summarize the following passage in English between 90 and 110 words.
Paragraph 1：The fictional county of Westmarsh experienced several storms that caused local flooding. After receiving complaints that warning messages were difficult to understand, officials proposed a multilingual emergency-alert service. The system would send short instructions through mobile phones, radio, and community notice boards. Planners argued that presenting clear messages in several languages could help residents act sooner, particularly when they were unfamiliar with local flood routes. A small online poll found strong support, and some council members suggested that installing a new alert system would automatically improve emergency safety across the entire county.
Paragraph 2：Emergency managers cautioned that translating messages alone would not ensure effective communication. A technically accurate translation might still contain unfamiliar vocabulary or fail to explain what action residents should take. Some households lacked reliable mobile signals, while others needed accessible audio instructions or assistance reaching higher ground. The managers also warned that the original poll mainly reached residents already following local government social-media accounts. Its respondents were not representative of people who struggled most with emergency information. The county therefore planned to test both the wording of alerts and the practical ability of different groups to receive them.
Paragraph 3：The county ran controlled exercises in several neighborhoods. Participants were asked to explain the warning in their own words and identify an appropriate route to safety. Volunteers recorded how long it took messages to arrive by different channels, whether recipients understood the instructions, and what barriers prevented action. During one exercise, a mobile network experienced temporary disruption, demonstrating why radio and face-to-face communication remained important. In another neighborhood, a newly built ramp made an evacuation center more accessible, so improvements in people’s ability to reach it could not be attributed to better warning messages alone.
Paragraph 4：After reviewing the exercises, Westmarsh decided to expand alerts gradually while retaining several delivery methods. It revised translations with help from community representatives and prepared easy-to-read instructions for residents with different needs. Officials also continued work on evacuation routes and shelters. The county declined to claim that the number of alerts sent was evidence of lives protected. Its final report emphasized that emergency communication was effective only when messages were received, correctly understood, and followed by feasible action. Greater linguistic accessibility could contribute to safety, but it was not a substitute for sound infrastructure or preparedness.
Set Bの日本語段落別要点訳
第1段落：架空のウェストマーシュ郡は洪水警報の文面が難しいという声を受け、多言語で携帯電話・ラジオ・掲示板へ短い警告を出す案を立てた。ネット調査で高い支持を得たが、システムを導入しただけで全住民の安全が改善するとは限らなかった。
第2段落：翻訳が正確でも難解な語彙が残ったり、行動指示が不明確なら役に立たない。携帯電波が届かない家庭や音声案内・移動支援を必要とする住民もいる。当初の調査は行政SNSの閲覧者に偏り、情報に困る住民を代表していなかった。
第3段落：複数地区で訓練を実施し、受信速度、内容理解、避難経路、行動の障壁を調べた。携帯回線の一時的な障害が起き、ラジオや対面連絡の必要性も判明した。別の地区では避難所のスロープの新設が移動を改善しており、成果を警報文だけに帰せなかった。
第4段落：郡は複数の伝達手段を維持しながら警報を段階的に拡大し、地域の当事者と翻訳を見直した。避難路や施設整備も継続した。送信件数は人命保護を証明しない。受信・理解・実行可能な行動を確認して初めて実効性を評価できる。
Set B｜意見英作文のTOPIC
Should governments provide emergency warnings in multiple languages and formats? Give THREE reasons. Suggested length: 200–240 words.
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
塾長の経歴・指導方針
中高一貫校の英語・定期テスト・英検の学習状況を整理し、必要な復習の優先順位を考えたい方は、無料体験・学習相談のご案内をご確認ください。最大1か月完全無料体験の対象・回数・担当講師は、お申し込み時にご案内します。
友だち追加後、学年・教材・困っていることと「学習相談希望（ブログ・記事中盤）」をお送りください。LINEを開くだけでは受付は完了しません。LINEを利用できない方はメールでの学習相談も可能です。料金・無料体験の期間と条件はコース・料金・無料体験のご案内でご確認ください。
模範答案4本と理由・制約の解説
Set A｜要約模範（100語）
Eldermere proposed installing batteries in public buildings to manage electricity demand and maintain limited services during outages. Supporters predicted savings, but engineers warned that buildings had different power needs, safety requirements, and maintenance costs. Batteries also depended on appropriate charging schedules. A pilot maintained certain services during controlled exercises, yet it did not test prolonged real emergencies. Other efficiency improvements complicated estimates of energy savings. The council chose selective expansion with safety checks while continuing existing conservation and backup measures. It concluded that batteries might improve resilience, but installation numbers and forecasts were insufficient without verified performance and lifecycle-cost evidence.
要約の根拠：蓄電池の目的、建物ごとの制約、試行で確認された限定的実績、全施設への義務化を避けた条件を残す。
Set A｜意見英作文模範（213語）
Local governments should invest selectively in shared battery systems for public buildings when their benefits can be demonstrated. Three considerations support this approach.
First, backup electricity can help maintain important services. Libraries, health centers, and other facilities may need lighting and communication during outages. A carefully sized battery could support essential functions temporarily, although it should not be assumed to power every device or replace all emergency generators.
Second, batteries may make electricity demand easier to manage. Charging at suitable times and using stored energy during peak periods could reduce pressure on local networks. However, batteries do not generate energy, and charging at the wrong time might create additional demand. Authorities must therefore verify actual operating patterns.
Third, a supervised pilot can improve public spending decisions. Engineers can evaluate fire safety, maintenance, replacement costs, and the needs of each building. Independent assessments can distinguish battery effects from other efficiency improvements rather than credit every reduction in electricity bills to one new system.
Critics rightly argue that purchasing and replacing batteries can be expensive. Governments should compare these costs with alternative investments and avoid identical installations in buildings with different requirements.
Overall, community batteries are promising where their safety and practical value are established. Public investment should follow evidence, not enthusiasm for technology alone.
構成：①停電時の必須サービス、②ピーク電力の負荷管理、③実証にもとづく公費支出。反論は購入・保守費。
Set B｜要約模範（101語）
Westmarsh proposed multilingual flood warnings delivered through phones, radio, and public notices to improve emergency communication. Managers cautioned that accurate translation alone might not ensure understanding or action, especially for residents facing language, signal, or mobility barriers. An online poll also underrepresented those most likely to struggle. Exercises measured message delivery, comprehension, and feasible evacuation. Network disruptions showed why multiple channels remained necessary, while unrelated access improvements complicated evaluation. The county expanded warnings gradually and improved instructions with community input while maintaining evacuation infrastructure. Officials concluded that alert totals could not prove safety; messages had to be received, understood, and actionable.
要約の根拠：多言語化の目的、住民の格差、通信障害、アクセス改善の別要因、受信・理解・行動という評価段階を残す。
Set B｜意見英作文模範（214語）
Governments should provide emergency warnings in multiple languages and accessible formats. This policy is justified for three reasons.
First, public safety information must be understandable. Residents may speak different languages or be unfamiliar with technical terms used in official announcements. Clear translations and straightforward instructions can help more people recognize risks and decide what to do. Authorities should test comprehension rather than assume that translated words are automatically useful.
Second, multiple communication channels improve resilience. A mobile network may fail during a severe storm, and some households lack dependable internet access. Radio, public notices, and appropriate face-to-face assistance can supplement digital alerts. No single channel should be treated as sufficient in every emergency.
Third, accessible warnings can reveal broader preparedness needs. Exercises may identify people who understand the message but cannot reach a safe location because of transport or mobility barriers. Governments can then improve routes, shelters, and assistance plans rather than focusing solely on the number of alerts sent.
Critics argue that maintaining several languages and channels is expensive. This concern deserves consideration. Agencies should prioritize local needs, cooperate with community organizations, and evaluate whether messages actually support timely action.
In conclusion, multilingual warnings deserve investment as part of a broader emergency strategy. The goal is effective protection, not merely rapid message delivery.
構成：①分かりやすさ、②複数伝達経路、③避難の実行可能性。反論は運用費。
原文の事実と論点を確認する12問
Q1. Eldermere市が公共施設に蓄電池を導入しようとした二つの目的は。
Q2. 蓄電池の有用性が建物によって異なる理由は。
Q3. 充電の時間帯が重要な理由は。
Q4. 試行で確認できた実績と確認できなかったことは。
Q5. 診療施設の電気使用量改善を蓄電池だけの成果とできない理由は。
Q6. 市議会が施設ごとに導入を判断した理由は。
Q7. Westmarsh郡が警報の多言語化を検討した目的は。
Q8. 正確な翻訳だけでは不十分な理由は。
Q9. 当初のオンラインアンケートの弱点は。
Q10. 警報の伝達手段を複数維持した理由は。
Q11. 避難所の利用改善を警報だけの成果にできなかった理由は。
Q12. 警報制度の成功を評価するときに必要な三段階は。
意味が変わった英文を訂正する12問
Q13. Every public building in Eldermere received a battery immediately.
Q14. A battery creates electricity whenever a building needs it.
Q15. The pilot proved the systems could survive every prolonged outage.
Q16. All electricity savings at the health center were caused by batteries.
Q17. Maintenance and replacement costs were irrelevant.
Q18. Installation totals were sufficient evidence of public value.
Q19. Accurate translations guaranteed that every resident understood the warnings.
Q20. Every household in Westmarsh could receive mobile alerts reliably.
Q21. The first online poll represented all residents equally.
Q22. The mobile network worked perfectly during every exercise.
Q23. Improved evacuation access was caused entirely by new alerts.
Q24. The total number of alerts proved that lives had been saved.
全24問の模範解答・詳しい訂正理由
A1：電力網のピーク負荷管理と停電時の一部公共サービス維持。
A2：必要な電力・設備の種類、安全性、保守費が異なるため。
A3：需要の高い時間に充電すると電力網の負担が増える可能性があるため。
A4：一部照明・通信を計画停電訓練中に維持したが、実際の長期停電の性能は未確認。
A5：同時期に効率のよい別の機器も導入されていたため。
A6：安全性、施設の必要機能、総費用が場所によって違うため。
A7：洪水警報をより多くの住民が理解し適切に行動できるようにするため。
A8：難しい用語や不明確な行動指示、受信・移動の障壁が残るため。
A9：行政SNS利用者に偏り、警報情報に困る人を十分に含まなかった。
A10：訓練中に携帯回線が一時的に不通となり別の連絡手段が必要だと分かったため。
A11：別途設置されたスロープが移動可能性を改善していたため。
A12：受信できること、正しく理解できること、実行可能な行動につながること。
A13：The city approved further batteries selectively where technical assessments supported them. — 全施設即時導入は見送った。
A14：A battery stores electricity and depends on how and when it is charged. — 蓄電と発電は違う。
A15：The pilot demonstrated limited functions during exercises but not every prolonged emergency. — 訓練結果の一般化を抑える。
A16：Other efficiency improvements made the battery’s individual effect uncertain. — 交絡した設備更新を考慮。
A17：Maintenance, replacement, and safety costs remained important. — 総費用を比較する。
A18：Verified performance and lifecycle costs were necessary to assess value. — 設置数と便益を区別。
A19：Even accurate translations required tests of comprehension and practical action. — 翻訳の正確さと理解度は別。
A20：Some residents faced unreliable signals or needed other accessible channels. — 受信経路の格差。
A21：The poll mainly reached government social-media followers. — 標本の偏り。
A22：A temporary network disruption demonstrated the need for alternative channels. — 通信障害があった。
A23：A new ramp also made one evacuation center easier to reach. — 別の介入の効果がある。
A24：Alert counts did not establish protection without evidence of comprehension and action. — 送信数と実際の安全を区別。
7日間の添削・反復プログラム
- 当日：Set Aの要約・英作文を時間を測って書く。
- 翌日：Set Bも初見で書き、理由を3つ組み立てる。
- 3日目：要約2本を模範答案と照合し、原文にない推測を削る。
- 4日目：意味修正12問を自力で書き直し、強すぎる断定を確認。
- 5日目：英作文で反対の立場を組み立て、理由の重複を避ける。
- 6日目：冠詞、単数・複数、時制と指示語を点検する。
- 7日目：原文・模範答案を隠し、時間内に再作成する。
よくある質問
要約で原文にない提案を加えてもよいですか？
要約は原文の主旨と条件を要領よくまとめる問題です。自分の政策提案を加えるのではなく、本文にある情報を正確に圧縮してください。
英作文は模範と反対の意見でもよいですか？
はい。意見の方向よりも理由の明確さ・整合性・英語の正確さを確認してください。3理由は公式問題の英作文指示に沿った練習です。
次に解く英検1級無料教材
新作・続編無料教材：Writing第22セット｜要約2題・英作文2題・全24問。前回の誤答を復習してから次の初見問題へ進み、根拠と解説を確認してください。すべて慶英会独自の非公式問題です。
慶英会の個別指導では英文要約と英作文の内容・構成・語彙・文法を確認します。最大1か月無料体験・学習相談はこちら。
公式参考：日本英語検定協会・英検1級試験内容。本文・例文・演習・模範答案は慶英会独自制作です。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する