慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検1級語彙・慶英会独自第44セット。スペルや日本語訳が似ていて取り違えやすい上級語を短文空所22問・言い換え12問・独自ミニ長文8問の計42問・全168択で学びます。credible / credulous、ambivalent / ambiguous、imminent / immanent、discreet / discreteなど、読解の意味を左右する違いを中心に詳しく解説します。
英検1級の公式Reading短文語句空所は22問です（英検協会｜公式の試験形式）。本ページの42問はすべて慶英会が独自に制作した非公式演習で、英検公式過去問ではありません。
続きの無料教材：語彙第45セット｜上級副詞42問・全168択。初見で解き、解答の根拠と誤答の原因まで確認してください。
最初に区別したい混同語
- credible：根拠が信頼できる／credulous：人が人の話を信じやすい。
- ambiguous：文章などの意味が曖昧／ambivalent：人が相反する感情を持つ。
- imminent：差し迫った／immanent：内在的な。
- discrete：別個の／discreet：慎重な、秘密を守る。
- negligible：無視できるほど小さい／negligent：必要な注意を怠る。
第1部｜文脈に合う上級語彙22問
Q1
The laboratory’s explanation was _____ because it was supported by independently repeated tests.
- A. credible
- B. credulous
- C. incredulous
- D. discreet
Q2
Several residents felt _____ about the plan, recognizing its environmental benefits but fearing higher costs.
- A. ambiguous
- B. ambivalent
- C. unambiguous
- D. incredulous
Q3
Officials warned of an _____ threat when a rapidly rising river approached the underpass.
- A. immanent
- B. permanent
- C. imminent
- D. eminent
Q4
The researcher published _____ measurements for each sensor rather than combining them into one average.
- A. discreet
- B. discretionary
- C. indiscreet
- D. discrete
Q5
The manager asked for a _____ plan that could be implemented with the available staff and equipment.
- A. practicable
- B. impracticable
- C. theoretical
- D. idealistic
Q6
The report provided a _____ explanation that readers without specialist training could understand.
- A. comprehensive
- B. comprehensible
- C. incomprehensible
- D. compulsory
Q7
Her _____ remark about the confidential medical file created an avoidable privacy problem.
- A. discrete
- B. discreet
- C. indiscreet
- D. disciplined
Q8
The museum considered the original treaty a _____ event that changed relations between the communities.
- A. historical
- B. historicized
- C. prehistoric
- D. historic
Q9
The guide’s _____ instructions listed every step explicitly, leaving little room for different interpretations.
- A. explicit
- B. implicit
- C. elliptical
- D. ambivalent
Q10
The company failed to provide a _____ analysis because it omitted several major cost categories.
- A. comprehensible
- B. comprehensive
- C. apprehensive
- D. intelligible
Q11
The inspector’s _____ conduct allowed a safety hazard to go unreported for months.
- A. negligible
- B. negligently
- C. negligent
- D. negotiable
Q12
The new figures showed a _____ difference, too small to change the committee’s decision.
- A. negligent
- B. negotiated
- C. negatable
- D. negligible
Q13
The director praised the _____ roles of nurses and interpreters in improving access to care.
- A. complementary
- B. complimentary
- C. competitive
- D. identical
Q14
The hotel included a _____ breakfast for visitors attending the academic conference.
- A. complementary
- B. complimentary
- C. compulsory
- D. compensatory
Q15
The economist was _____ to approve the forecast because it relied on untested assumptions.
- A. adverse
- B. averse
- C. reluctant
- D. relevant
Q16
The residents were _____ to converting their only quiet park into a large parking area.
- A. adverse
- B. adversarial
- C. adversity
- D. averse
Q17
The authors stated a _____ hypothesis that would be tested when more data became available.
- A. provisional
- B. provisionary
- C. proven
- D. provincial
Q18
The report examined the _____ consequences of postponing routine equipment maintenance.
- A. economical
- B. economic
- C. ecological
- D. ecumenical
Q19
The museum thanked the curator for her _____ handling of sensitive donor information.
- A. discrete
- B. distinct
- C. discreet
- D. indiscreet
Q20
The engineers chose an _____ solution that used fewer materials without compromising safety.
- A. wasteful
- B. economic
- C. impracticable
- D. economical
Q21
The promised reductions did not materialize, and the initially _____ results were called into question.
- A. promising
- B. presumptuous
- C. prescriptive
- D. presumed
Q22
The officials requested _____ data rather than anecdotes before expanding the medical service.
- A. anecdotal
- B. empirical
- C. emphatic
- D. empathetic
第2部｜意味を変えない言い換え12問
Q23
The official’s comments were ambiguous.
- A. They reflected two opposing emotions.
- B. They allowed more than one plausible interpretation.
- C. They were entirely inaccurate.
- D. They were a compliment.
Q24
The researchers were ambivalent about the proposal.
- A. They had absolutely no opinion.
- B. They had approved it unanimously.
- C. They felt both positive and negative reactions.
- D. They considered every statement ungrammatical.
Q25
The danger was imminent.
- A. The danger was expected very soon.
- B. The danger was inherent in the concept.
- C. The danger had already been eliminated.
- D. The danger was not recognized by anyone.
Q26
The historical documents were carefully catalogued.
- A. They were certain to change world history.
- B. They were from prehistoric times.
- C. They were necessarily extraordinary.
- D. Records relating to the past were catalogued carefully.
Q27
The methods were comprehensive.
- A. They were easy for all readers.
- B. They covered the relevant areas thoroughly.
- C. They guaranteed the outcome.
- D. They contained only brief notes.
Q28
The instructions were comprehensible.
- A. They discussed every possible case.
- B. They remained confidential.
- C. Readers could understand them.
- D. They could not be read under any conditions.
Q29
The assessment found the financial impact negligible.
- A. The financial effect was too small to matter materially.
- B. The assessor failed to exercise due care.
- C. The impact was legally prohibited.
- D. Costs had doubled.
Q30
The inspector was negligent.
- A. The inspector was statistically insignificant.
- B. The inspector had a complimentary attitude.
- C. The inspector was highly cautious.
- D. The inspector failed to exercise reasonable care.
Q31
Their functions were complementary.
- A. Their roles duplicated each other completely.
- B. Their functions supported and completed one another.
- C. Their services were provided without charge.
- D. They competed for exactly the same work.
Q32
The free tickets were complimentary.
- A. The tickets were intended to offset emissions.
- B. The tickets were only for pairs.
- C. The tickets were supplied without charge.
- D. The tickets were mandatory.
Q33
The report stated an explicit limit.
- A. It described the restriction directly and clearly.
- B. It left the limit unstated.
- C. It removed the limit entirely.
- D. It guaranteed no exceptions.
Q34
The preliminary estimate remained provisional.
- A. It was irrevocable and final.
- B. It was conclusive beyond doubt.
- C. It was never produced.
- D. It was subject to further review or change.
第3部｜独自ミニ長文4篇・8問
ミニ長文1
A fictional medical clinic installed a new translation interface. The director praised the complementary work of interpreters and nurses, but reviewers found some translated instructions ambiguous. Staff revised the wording and conducted user tests before allowing patients to rely on the notices.
Q35
What caused the need for further review?
- A. All patients had received treatment.
- B. Every translation was perfect.
- C. The instructions allowed unclear interpretations.
- D. The nurses were removed from the clinic.
Q36
Why were interpreters and nurses described as complementary?
- A. Their roles supported one another.
- B. They worked without payment.
- C. They were assigned identical responsibilities.
- D. They no longer needed patient feedback.
ミニ長文2
A coastal authority received several reports of imminent flooding. An engineer said that photographs of a dry road were not comprehensive evidence of safety because water levels elsewhere could already be rising. Officials sent staff to verify conditions at several access points.
Q37
Which claim did the engineer question?
- A. The existence of roads.
- B. That a single dry photograph proved widespread safety.
- C. The need for trained staff.
- D. The possibility of local water measurement.
Q38
What kind of hazard was described?
- A. A danger that occurred only centuries ago.
- B. A purely philosophical concept.
- C. A risk that had been permanently removed.
- D. Flooding expected to occur very soon.
ミニ長文3
A fictional museum reviewed the provenance of an ancient textile. Some information was credible because it matched documented transfers, but an appealing story about the object’s original owner remained unverified. Curators made the uncertainty explicit instead of presenting the story as established fact.
Q39
Why was part of the record credible?
- A. Every story about the object was correct.
- B. The textile had no owners.
- C. Documented transfers supported some information.
- D. The museum had rejected all source records.
Q40
How were uncertain details presented?
- A. As unverified interpretations.
- B. As settled facts.
- C. As reasons to close the museum.
- D. Without any mention of uncertainty.
ミニ長文4
A city considered two methods of repairing an aging footbridge. One design looked attractive but needed equipment the municipality could not obtain. Engineers favored a practicable alternative that used available materials while meeting safety requirements. Residents were invited to review access conditions before construction.
Q41
Why was one proposal less suitable?
- A. It was too safe.
- B. Necessary equipment was unavailable.
- C. It allowed step-free access.
- D. The bridge needed no repair.
Q42
What was valued in the alternative?
- A. A guarantee against every accident.
- B. Only its decorative appearance.
- C. The replacement of all safety rules.
- D. Feasibility using available resources and appropriate safety.
全42問の解答・全選択肢の日本語意味
短文22問｜英文和訳・88択の語義
Q1：A credible。全文訳：研究所の説明は独立した再試験に裏付けられ信頼に足るものだった。根拠：credible＝説明や証拠が信頼できる。credulous＝人が信じやすい。全語義：A credible＝信頼に足る／B credulous＝他人をすぐ信じる／C incredulous＝容易には信じない／D discreet＝慎重な・口が堅い
Q2：B ambivalent。全文訳：住民は環境便益を認めつつ費用増を心配し複雑な気持ちだった。根拠：ambivalent about＝賛否両方の感情。全語義：A ambiguous＝意味が曖昧な／B ambivalent＝相反する感情を持つ／C unambiguous＝明確な／D incredulous＝信じられないと感じる
Q3：C imminent。全文訳：川の水位が急上昇し地下道に差し迫る危険を当局は警告した。根拠：imminent＝間近に迫る。immanent＝内在する。全語義：A immanent＝内在する／B permanent＝永久の／C imminent＝差し迫った／D eminent＝著名な
Q4：D discrete。全文訳：研究者は一つの平均でなくセンサーごとの別個の測定結果を公開した。根拠：discrete measurements＝個別の測定値。全語義：A discreet＝思慮深い／B discretionary＝裁量の／C indiscreet＝軽率な／D discrete＝別個の・個別の
Q5：A practicable。全文訳：管理者は現在の人員と設備で実施可能な計画を求めた。根拠：practicable＝具体的制約の下で実施できる。全語義：A practicable＝実行可能な／B impracticable＝実施できない／C theoretical＝理論上の／D idealistic＝理想主義的な
Q6：B comprehensible。全文訳：報告書は専門訓練のない読者にも理解できる説明を提供した。根拠：comprehensible＝分かりやすい。comprehensive＝網羅的。全語義：A comprehensive＝包括的な／B comprehensible＝理解できる／C incomprehensible＝理解不能な／D compulsory＝義務的な
Q7：C indiscreet。全文訳：機微な医療記録に関する彼女の軽率な発言がプライバシー問題を生んだ。根拠：indiscreet remark＝秘密に対して軽率な発言。全語義：A discrete＝別個の／B discreet＝口の堅い／C indiscreet＝軽率な・秘密を漏らす／D disciplined＝規律ある
Q8：D historic。全文訳：博物館は原条約を共同体間の関係を変えた歴史的に重要な出来事と位置付けた。根拠：historic＝歴史を画するほど重要。historical＝歴史に関係する。全語義：A historical＝歴史に関する／B historicized＝歴史的文脈に置かれた／C prehistoric＝先史時代の／D historic＝歴史的に重要な
Q9：A explicit。全文訳：ガイドの明示的な指示は手順を全て列挙して解釈の余地を小さくした。根拠：explicit instructions＝はっきり書かれた指示。全語義：A explicit＝明示的な／B implicit＝暗黙の／C elliptical＝省略の多い／D ambivalent＝複雑な気持ちの
Q10：B comprehensive。全文訳：主要な費用項目を落としたため会社の分析は網羅的ではなかった。根拠：comprehensive＝抜けが少なく全体をカバーする。全語義：A comprehensible＝理解しやすい／B comprehensive＝網羅的な／C apprehensive＝不安な／D intelligible＝理解可能な
Q11：C negligent。全文訳：検査員の不注意な職務遂行により危険が数か月報告されなかった。根拠：negligent conduct＝注意を怠った行為。全語義：A negligible＝無視できるほど小さい／B negligently＝不注意に・副詞／C negligent＝注意義務を怠る／D negotiable＝交渉可能な
Q12：D negligible。全文訳：新数値の差は委員会判断を変えないほど小さかった。根拠：negligible difference＝実質上無視できる差。全語義：A negligent＝怠慢な／B negotiated＝交渉された／C negatable＝否定できる／D negligible＝無視できるほど小さい
Q13：A complementary。全文訳：責任者は看護師と通訳者が互いを補う役割を評価した。根拠：complementary roles＝補完的役割。全語義：A complementary＝互いに補完する／B complimentary＝称賛の・無料の／C competitive＝競争する／D identical＝同一の
Q14：B complimentary。全文訳：宿泊施設は会議参加者に無料の朝食を提供した。根拠：complimentary breakfast＝無料の朝食。全語義：A complementary＝補完的な／B complimentary＝無料で提供される／C compulsory＝強制的な／D compensatory＝補償の
Q15：C reluctant。全文訳：未検証の前提に依存する予測の承認に経済学者は消極的だった。根拠：reluctant to approveが自然。averse toは名詞や-ing。全語義：A adverse＝不利な・有害な／B averse＝嫌がる／C reluctant＝気が進まない／D relevant＝関連がある
Q16：D averse。全文訳：住民は唯一の静かな公園を大型駐車場へ変えることを嫌がった。根拠：be averse to＋名詞/動名詞。全語義：A adverse＝不利な／B adversarial＝対立的な／C adversity＝逆境／D averse＝強く嫌がる
Q17：A provisional。全文訳：著者らはより多くのデータで検証される暫定的仮説を示した。根拠：provisional hypothesis＝暫定仮説。全語義：A provisional＝暫定的な／B provisionary＝標準的でない形／C proven＝証明済みの／D provincial＝地方的な
Q18：B economic。全文訳：報告書は通常の設備保守を延期することによる経済的な影響を検討した。根拠：economic consequences＝経済上の影響。economical は節約的な、という意味。全語義：A economical＝節約的な／B economic＝経済上の／C ecological＝生態上の／D ecumenical＝普遍教会的な
Q19：C discreet。全文訳：美術館は寄贈者の機微情報を慎重に扱った学芸員を称えた。根拠：discreet handling＝慎重で秘密に配慮した取扱い。全語義：A discrete＝離散的な／B distinct＝明確に異なる／C discreet＝慎重で秘密を守る／D indiscreet＝軽率な
Q20：D economical。全文訳：技術者は安全性を損なわず資材を節約する解決策を選んだ。根拠：economical＝無駄な費用や資材を抑える。economic は経済に関する意味。全語義：A wasteful＝浪費的な／B economic＝経済上の／C impracticable＝実施できない／D economical＝節約的な
Q21：A promising。全文訳：約束した削減が実現せず初期の期待できる結果が疑問視された。根拠：promising results＝有望な結果。全語義：A promising＝期待の持てる／B presumptuous＝思い上がった／C prescriptive＝指示的な／D presumed＝推定の
Q22：B empirical。全文訳：医療サービス拡張に先立ち当局は逸話ではなく実測データを求めた。根拠：empirical data＝観測・経験に基づくデータ。全語義：A anecdotal＝逸話に基づく／B empirical＝実測・経験的な／C emphatic＝強調した／D empathetic＝共感的な
言い換え12問｜似た日本語訳の区別
Q23：B They allowed more than one plausible interpretation.。根拠：ambiguous＝意味が二通り以上に解釈できる。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q24：C They felt both positive and negative reactions.。根拠：ambivalent＝両面の感情。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q25：A The danger was expected very soon.。根拠：imminent＝差し迫った。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q26：D Records relating to the past were catalogued carefully.。根拠：historical＝歴史に関する、historic＝歴史的に重要。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q27：B They covered the relevant areas thoroughly.。根拠：comprehensive＝網羅的。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q28：C Readers could understand them.。根拠：comprehensible＝理解できる。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q29：A The financial effect was too small to matter materially.。根拠：negligible＝実質的に小さい。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q30：D The inspector failed to exercise reasonable care.。根拠：negligent＝必要な注意を怠る。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q31：B Their functions supported and completed one another.。根拠：complementary＝互いを補う。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q32：C The tickets were supplied without charge.。根拠：complimentary＝無料で提供される。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q33：A It described the restriction directly and clearly.。根拠：explicit＝明示した。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
Q34：D It was subject to further review or change.。根拠：provisional＝確定前。 誤答は主体・意味の強さ・性質が異なります。
ミニ長文8問｜本文の根拠
Q35：C The instructions allowed unclear interpretations.。根拠：ambiguous instructions＝曖昧な案内。
Q36：A Their roles supported one another.。根拠：互いの専門能力を補う。
Q37：B That a single dry photograph proved widespread safety.。根拠：一地点の写真で広域の安全を断定できない。
Q38：D Flooding expected to occur very soon.。根拠：imminent＝近い将来に差し迫る。
Q39：C Documented transfers supported some information.。根拠：裏付け資料がある部分が信頼できる。
Q40：A As unverified interpretations.。根拠：不確実な情報を明記する。
Q41：B Necessary equipment was unavailable.。根拠：資源制約で実行可能性が低い。
Q42：D Feasibility using available resources and appropriate safety.。根拠：使える資源で実現できる案。
学習のチェック
- 似ている2語をそれぞれ異なる英文で使ってみる。
- be ambivalent about、a discreet responseなどの前置詞・名詞との相性をまとめる。
- 翌日に日本語訳を隠し、意味の違いを自分の言葉で説明する。
- 7日後にもう一度初見のつもりで解き直す。
FAQ
ambiguousとambivalentは同じ意味ですか？
異なります。ambiguousは情報や表現の解釈が曖昧であること、ambivalentは人が一つの対象に相反する感情を持つことです。
negligibleとnegligentの違いは？
negligibleは量・影響が極めて小さいこと、negligentは人や行為が必要な注意を欠くことです。
公式過去問ですか？
いいえ。慶英会の独自演習です。実際の過去問は英検協会の公開資料で確認できます。
関連教材
公式情報
すべての設問・英文・選択肢・解答・訳は慶英会独自の非公式教材です。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する