慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検1級Reading独自無料模試・第41セット。語彙空所22問、長文空所6問、内容一致7問の計35問・全140択です。オリジナルの長文4題と全解答、語彙の全文和訳・語義、長文の日本語要旨と根拠解説を掲載。今回の主題はオンライン試験監督、電動フェリー、猛暑リスク、農地での洪水対策です。
英検1級Readingの公式構成は短文空所22問・長文空所6問・内容一致7問です（英検協会｜試験内容）。本ページの英文・設問・解答は慶英会の独自制作であり、公式過去問ではありません。
続きの無料教材：Reading第42セット｜独自35問・全140択。初見で解き、解答根拠・誤答理由まで確認してください。
初見での取り組み方
- 語彙は主語・目的語・前置詞に着目する。
- 長文の各段落で期待する効果、条件、異論、検証方法を区別する。
- 内容一致は本文より強い断定をしていないか確かめる。
- 解答後、正答根拠と誤答の理由を確認して再演習する。
第1部｜短文語彙空所22問
Q1
The report seeks to _____ the figures by region rather than publish only a national average.
- A. disaggregate
- B. entrench
- C. withhold
- D. retract
Q2
Engineers will _____ the sensor after its measuring component has been replaced.
- A. disseminate
- B. recalibrate
- C. repudiate
- D. disburse
Q3
Investigators used several independent records to _____ evidence about the incident.
- A. circumscribe
- B. overstate
- C. triangulate
- D. retract
Q4
A single survey cannot _____ the result to every region without further checks.
- A. elucidate
- B. ratify
- C. mitigate
- D. extrapolate
Q5
The assessment will attempt to _____ the program’s effect on travel times.
- A. quantify
- B. disavow
- C. relinquish
- D. exacerbate
Q6
Analysts used an unchanged comparison site to _____ the intervention’s results.
- A. preclude
- B. benchmark
- C. retract
- D. circumvent
Q7
The contractor failed to _____ its claim with accurate invoices.
- A. exacerbate
- B. conflate
- C. substantiate
- D. abrogate
Q8
Changes to the questionnaire may _____ the apparent rise in satisfaction.
- A. vindicate
- B. rectify
- C. disseminate
- D. inflate
Q9
The authors need to _____ the statistics with relevant population changes.
- A. contextualize
- B. abolish
- C. impede
- D. repatriate
Q10
A separate test was commissioned to _____ the manufacturer’s performance claims.
- A. abridge
- B. verify
- C. impugn
- D. disburse
Q11
The agency will _____ the results by income group to reveal unequal effects.
- A. conflate
- B. obviate
- C. stratify
- D. ratify
Q12
Editors promised to _____ the incorrect statement about sample size.
- A. obscure
- B. magnify
- C. preclude
- D. rectify
Q13
The archive will _____ original files alongside corrected versions.
- A. retain
- B. revoke
- C. impugn
- D. disavow
Q14
The publicity material tried to _____ future maintenance costs.
- A. substantiate
- B. understate
- C. reconcile
- D. elucidate
Q15
Researchers must _____ observed usage from unmet demand.
- A. disseminate
- B. entrench
- C. distinguish
- D. exacerbate
Q16
The company refused to _____ the origins of several key figures.
- A. preclude
- B. abrogate
- C. retract
- D. disclose
Q17
Officials decided to _____ their assumptions after unexpected evidence emerged.
- A. revisit
- B. entrench
- C. magnify
- D. disown
Q18
The improved timetable may _____ crowding at the station entrance.
- A. precipitate
- B. alleviate
- C. exacerbate
- D. impugn
Q19
The study tried to _____ a causal relationship rather than merely record correlation.
- A. obscure
- B. relinquish
- C. establish
- D. circumvent
Q20
The board agreed to _____ the final decision until after the audit.
- A. ratify
- B. substantiate
- C. disseminate
- D. defer
Q21
Better drainage is intended to _____ damage during seasonal floods.
- A. mitigate
- B. entrench
- C. precipitate
- D. repatriate
Q22
The committee could not _____ the conflicting figures without inspecting their definitions.
- A. disburse
- B. reconcile
- C. amplify
- D. withhold
第2部｜長文空所6問
オンライン試験の監督と誤警告
A fictional network of schools introduced remote examinations with webcam monitoring. The technology flags unusual behavior and stores short records for review. Supporters expect more students to take examinations without traveling to a central site, but some administrators suggested treating every automated warning as proof of misconduct.
Teachers objected because looking away to think, using assistive equipment or losing a connection could trigger an alert. An automated flag might [23] _____. The schools therefore considered giving students a chance to explain the circumstances before a penalty was considered.
Privacy advisers also raised questions about who can examine recordings and how long they remain stored. Schools with limited staff worried that reviewing every flag would be expensive. The central design challenge was [24] _____ rather than deciding that convenience overrides every other concern.
A pilot will measure detection accuracy, mistaken flags, student accessibility and the workload of reviewers. Managers want to know whether the system leads to [25] _____ and not merely how many suspicious events it can generate.
Q23
- A. indicate an innocent event rather than established cheating
- B. prove that every student violated the rules
- C. remove all need for independent review
- D. show that all home environments are identical
Q24
- A. abolishing examinations entirely
- B. balancing efficiency with privacy, accessibility and fair review
- C. allowing software suppliers to set penalties unilaterally
- D. keeping every recording forever
Q25
- A. the largest possible number of automated flags
- B. the fastest purchase of webcams
- C. more dependable decisions with a fair appeal process
- D. a guarantee that no technical errors will occur
電動フェリーと島の電力供給
A fictional island authority is considering replacing short-distance fuel-powered ferries with electric vessels. Supporters expect quieter journeys and less exhaust pollution near the port. Yet a comparison focusing only on emissions at the ship itself may overlook how electricity is generated and delivered.
The ferries cross frequently and have little time between journeys. Engineers must assess whether the port grid can handle rapid charging without disrupting other essential services. Before purchasing multiple vessels, officials need to establish [26] _____.
Residents also depend on the ferries for medical visits and employment. A storm or prolonged power outage might prevent normal charging, so backup arrangements and maintenance schedules matter. The authority is considering different options for smaller and larger terminals. The challenge is to [27] _____ while improving environmental performance.
A limited trial will compare electricity demand, emissions across the energy supply, reliability, maintenance and passenger access. The objective is [28] _____ rather than simply counting the number of fuel engines replaced.
Q26
- A. whether all ports have exactly the same facilities
- B. whether electricity can be produced without any emissions
- C. whether charging and grid capacity can support the required timetable
- D. whether passengers will never travel in bad weather
Q27
- A. prohibit emergency medical travel
- B. evaluate only the battery purchase price
- C. remove all backup arrangements
- D. maintain dependable transport under different local operating conditions
Q28
- A. reliable transport with measurable environmental benefits
- B. the greatest possible number of publicity photographs
- C. eliminating every form of maintenance
- D. guaranteeing no storms occur
第3部｜長文内容一致7問
都市の猛暑リスク地図と住民のアクセス
A fictional city health department developed a map showing where surfaces become particularly hot during summer. The model combined satellite measurements, tree cover and the distribution of buildings. Officials hoped to use it when selecting locations for cooling centers and improving street shade. The map received attention because its color patterns were easy to understand.
Researchers warned, however, that ground-surface heat is not identical to the temperature people experience in their homes. Insulation, ventilation, household income and access to air conditioning can all alter exposure. A neighborhood that appears moderate on the map may include people who cannot keep their homes cool during prolonged heat waves.
Population data also have limitations. People without stable housing, outdoor workers and residents whose daily travel crosses several districts may not be well represented by residential statistics. If planners rely on the model alone, facilities could be located far from the people who most need assistance. Some cooling centers may be difficult to reach by public transport or may close before evening workers can visit.
The department therefore plans to combine the map with field surveys, measurements in different buildings and discussion with local organizations. It will also test whether emergency messages are understandable and whether people with limited mobility can access cooling facilities safely. These checks involve costs, but may prevent inappropriate investment.
The pilot will be assessed through practical use of centers, unmet needs, operating expenses and relevant health indicators where reliable evidence exists. The objective is not the most colorful map, but useful protection for residents under uncertain conditions.
Q29
Why are surface-temperature maps insufficient on their own?
- A. Indoor exposure and access to cooling may be different from measured surface heat.
- B. Every satellite measurement is deliberately false.
- C. All city residents have the same housing conditions.
- D. Tree cover is unrelated to the model.
Q30
Which people may be poorly represented in residential statistics?
- A. Only people who use libraries.
- B. Those without stable housing or who work outdoors.
- C. Every registered homeowner.
- D. People whose homes contain windows.
Q31
What is the central purpose of further testing?
- A. To make the colors brighter.
- B. To maximize the number of digital images.
- C. To ensure assistance can be used by those at risk.
- D. To guarantee no heat wave will occur.
農地を使った一時的な洪水貯留契約
A fictional river authority proposed voluntary agreements with farmers to allow selected fields to store excess water during severe rainfall. Supporters hoped the arrangement would reduce pressure on downstream towns and might cost less than some new concrete structures. Yet each field’s effect depends on rainfall, soil conditions, the drainage network and how quickly stored water returns to the river.
Farmers raised concerns about damaged crops, access to land and compensation. A uniform payment per hectare might be suitable for some farms but unfair to those with valuable crops or more frequent exposure. The authority therefore considered rules that distinguish temporary flooding from permanent changes in land use and allow payments to reflect different risks.
Hydrologists warned that a flood-free season would not prove that the scheme prevented flooding. Different rainfall conditions could explain the result, and water diverted away from one community might increase pressure elsewhere. Officials would need comparisons with modeled conditions and measurements across actual events, rather than relying on one encouraging observation.
The authority is consulting farmers and exploring alternatives such as upstream vegetation restoration and improved drainage channels. Independent reviews would assess whether particular fields were suitable and which compensation terms were reasonable. Participation would not automatically be required of every landowner.
A multi-year pilot will compare water levels, damage claims, ecological outcomes, administrative costs and farmers’ willingness to remain involved. The proposal aims to protect downstream communities without unfairly assigning the costs of flood adaptation to a small number of agricultural households.
Q32
Why might uniform compensation be unfair?
- A. Flood exposure and potential agricultural losses differ among farms.
- B. Every farm produces exactly the same crop.
- C. All landowners receive unlimited payments.
- D. No farm could ever be flooded.
Q33
Why is one flood-free season inconclusive?
- A. Water storage is unrelated to rainfall.
- B. Weather and other conditions differ between events.
- C. No models can ever be used.
- D. The contract guarantees zero future damage.
Q34
How will the authority address stakeholders’ interests?
- A. Impose identical terms immediately.
- B. Exclude affected landowners.
- C. Use consultation, independent assessments and clear compensation rules.
- D. Promise no crops will ever suffer damage.
Q35
What is the long-term policy objective?
- A. Maximize the number of fields flooded regardless of damage.
- B. Replace all farms with permanent lakes.
- C. Avoid studying agricultural effects.
- D. Reduce flood risks while sharing burdens fairly and maintaining viable agriculture.
全35問の解答・日本語訳・解説
語彙22問｜正答と全文和訳
Q1：A disaggregate。全文訳：全国平均だけでなく地域別に数値を分けて示す。根拠：disaggregate＝集計値を構成要素に分ける。
Q2：B recalibrate。全文訳：測定部品を交換した後、センサーを再校正する。根拠：recalibrate＝基準値に再調整する。
Q3：C triangulate。全文訳：調査員は独立資料を突き合わせて事故の証拠を確認した。根拠：triangulate＝異なる方法・情報源から照合する。
Q4：D extrapolate。全文訳：追加確認なしに一調査の結果を全地域へ外挿できない。根拠：extrapolate＝観測範囲外へ推計する。
Q5：A quantify。全文訳：評価では事業が移動時間へ与える影響を数値化する。根拠：quantify an effect。
Q6：B benchmark。全文訳：変更のない比較地点を基準に介入効果を評価した。根拠：benchmark against＝比較基準とする。
Q7：C substantiate。全文訳：業者は正確な請求書で主張を立証できなかった。根拠：substantiate a claim with evidence。
Q8：D inflate。全文訳：質問票の変更が満足度の見かけの上昇を水増しし得る。根拠：inflate apparent results。
Q9：A contextualize。全文訳：著者は人口構成の変化を踏まえて統計を解釈する必要がある。根拠：contextualize findings＝文脈を与える。
Q10：B verify。全文訳：メーカーの性能主張を検証する独立試験が依頼された。根拠：verify claims。
Q11：C stratify。全文訳：影響の格差を見せるため所得層別に結果を分ける。根拠：stratify results by group。
Q12：D rectify。全文訳：編集者は標本数の誤記を訂正すると約束した。根拠：rectify an inaccurate statement。
Q13：A retain。全文訳：資料館は訂正版とともに元のファイルを保持する。根拠：retain original files。
Q14：B understate。全文訳：宣伝資料は将来の維持費を過小に見せようとした。根拠：understate costs。
Q15：C distinguish。全文訳：観測された利用と満たされていない需要を区別する必要がある。根拠：distinguish A from B。
Q16：D disclose。全文訳：会社は主要数値の出典を開示しなかった。根拠：disclose sources。
Q17：A revisit。全文訳：予想外の証拠を受け担当者は前提を見直すことにした。根拠：revisit assumptions。
Q18：B alleviate。全文訳：改定された時刻表で駅入口の混雑を緩和できるかもしれない。根拠：alleviate congestion。
Q19：C establish。全文訳：研究は相関を示すだけでなく因果関係を立証しようとした。根拠：establish causation。
Q20：D defer。全文訳：委員会は監査後まで最終決定を延期した。根拠：defer a decision。
Q21：A mitigate。全文訳：排水改善は季節的な洪水の被害を軽減するためのものだ。根拠：mitigate damage。
Q22：B reconcile。全文訳：定義を調べない限り食い違う数値を整合できなかった。根拠：reconcile conflicting figures。
長文空所6問｜英文要旨・根拠
オンライン試験の監督と誤警告・内容解説
架空の学校でオンライン試験を自動監督するが、視線を外す行動や接続障害、支援機器の使用でも警告が出る。警告＝不正と断定せず本人への確認と人の審査が必要。録画保存、アクセス、公平性、職員負担を含めて試験する。
Q23：A indicate an innocent event rather than established cheating。理由：警告は無害な事情でも生じ得る。
Q24：B balancing efficiency with privacy, accessibility and fair review。理由：利便・公平・個人情報保護を両立する。
Q25：C more dependable decisions with a fair appeal process。理由：実際の判定の信頼性と異議申立てが目的。
電動フェリーと島の電力供給・内容解説
架空の島で短距離フェリーの電動化を検討する。港の電力供給・短い充電時間・停電時の代替、発電由来の排出、医療・通勤へのアクセスを評価する必要があり、運航中の排気ゼロだけでは効果を決められない。
Q26：C whether charging and grid capacity can support the required timetable。理由：港の充電能力・運航頻度に対応できるか。
Q27：D maintain dependable transport under different local operating conditions。理由：電力・気象の条件に合う交通継続。
Q28：A reliable transport with measurable environmental benefits。理由：環境面と交通の信頼性が目的。
内容一致7問｜英文要旨・根拠
都市の猛暑リスク地図と住民のアクセス・内容解説
都市の衛星地表温度から作る猛暑リスク地図は室内での暑さや冷房利用のしやすさと異なる。住宅、所得、住居のない人、屋外労働者、交通や施設の営業時間の条件を加え、実際に避暑支援へ到達できるか評価する。
Q29：A Indoor exposure and access to cooling may be different from measured surface heat.。理由：地表温度と室内環境・冷房へのアクセスは異なる。
Q30：B Those without stable housing or who work outdoors.。理由：住民登録的な地理情報に現れない人。
Q31：C To ensure assistance can be used by those at risk.。理由：地図だけでなく実際の支援を届けること。
農地を使った一時的な洪水貯留契約・内容解説
架空の洪水対策で農地を一時的に貯留地とする契約案。洪水の低減は期待されるが農家の収入や農地利用に影響する。作物や浸水頻度によって補償額を変える必要があり、一季節の無災害で効果は証明できない。独立評価と農家の相談を経て長期試験する。
Q32：A Flood exposure and potential agricultural losses differ among farms.。理由：農家ごとに損害の程度や条件が違う。
Q33：B Weather and other conditions differ between events.。理由：雨量などの別要因がある。
Q34：C Use consultation, independent assessments and clear compensation rules.。理由：農家の参加と補償基準の透明性。
Q35：D Reduce flood risks while sharing burdens fairly and maintaining viable agriculture.。理由：洪水軽減と農家の公平な負担の両立。
誤答の原因を4種類に分ける
- 自動警告を不正確定に読み替える。
- 電動化で運航中の排ガスが減ることを全体排出ゼロと読み替える。
- 地表温度と家の中の温度・冷房へのアクセスを同一視する。
- 一回の洪水なしを特定政策の成功と断定する。
FAQ
英検1級Readingの問題数は？
短文語句空所22問・長文空所6問・内容一致7問の計35問です。
この問題は公式過去問ですか？
いいえ。慶英会が作成した独自演習です。公式問題は協会サイトで確認してください。
正答の根拠が見つからないときは？
本文の主語・対象・時制・可能性を確認し、選択肢の断定が強すぎないか検証してください。
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する