NEW TREASURE Stage3 Lesson3｜ハーメルンの笛吹き男と完了不定詞【独自読解32問・全解説】

[1] In one familiar version of an old European legend, a town was troubled by rats. People found that the animals had entered storage rooms and damaged food. The town leaders did not know how to solve the problem. One day, a stranger arrived carrying a small musical instrument. He said that he could lead the rats away if the town promised to pay him a reward.

[2] The leaders agreed to the payment. The stranger began playing, and rats appeared to follow the sound. He walked beyond the streets, and the rats disappeared from the town. People were relieved, but when the stranger returned for the reward, the leaders refused to give him what they had promised. They argued that the work had seemed too easy to deserve so much money.

[3] The stranger left angrily. Later, he was said to have returned while many adults were busy elsewhere. The story then describes children following his music beyond the town. In many retellings, the children do not return. Different versions offer different details about the places they went and the few people who might have stayed behind.

[4] This is a legend, not a verified account of a particular magical event. The story raises questions about promises, responsibility, and the consequences of refusing to keep an agreement. Yet it would be a mistake to conclude that every fantastic event in the tale actually happened simply because the story has been repeated for centuries.

1. Q1. 町が最初に困っていたことは。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：The town had a serious problem with rats.

   理由：第1段落。

2. Q2. 旅人は何を条件に手伝うと言ったか。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：A promised payment.

   理由：報酬の約束。

3. Q3. 旅人が使用した道具は。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：A musical instrument.

   理由：魔法の実在を証明する描写ではない。

4. Q4. 町の問題が解決した後に指導者がしたことは。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：They refused to pay the promised reward.

   理由：第2段落。

5. Q5. 報酬を拒否した理由として町側が述べたことは。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：They thought the work had seemed too easy.

   理由：容易に見えたという主張。

6. Q6. 旅人はなぜ怒ったと解釈できるか。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：Because the leaders did not keep their promise.

   理由：約束の不履行。

7. Q7. 物語の後半で旅人の音楽に従ったのは。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：Children.

   理由：第3段落。

8. Q8. 子どもたちの行き先はどの語りでも完全に同じか。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：No. Versions differ.

   理由：伝承の細部は異なる。

9. Q9. この話を歴史的事実としてそのまま報告できるか。

   解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

   解答：No. It is a legend.

   理由：魔法的な出来事は史実として確認されたわけではない。

10. Q10. 中心的な倫理的問いは何か。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：Whether people should keep promises and accept responsibility.

    理由：約束と責任の物語。

11. Q11. 旅人が『戻ったと言われている』の英語本文の表現は。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：He was said to have returned.

    理由：受動態＋完了不定詞。

12. Q12. 英語30〜45語で出来事を要約する。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：A stranger promised to solve a town’s rat problem in exchange for payment. After he succeeded in the story, the leaders refused to pay. The legend then describes children following his music. Different versions exist, so its events should not be treated as established history.

    理由：約束・拒否・伝説の結末・未確定性を保つ。

[1] A class in a fictional school decided to compare two printed retellings of the Pied Piper legend. The versions had the same basic conflict: a stranger was promised a reward, and the town did not fulfill its agreement. However, some details were different. One book gave a longer account of what happened to the children, while the other left their destination uncertain. The students first asked which book was ‘correct’.

[2] Their teacher explained that the question needed to be more specific. They could compare what each version actually said, when each text was published, and which earlier sources the authors claimed to use. But the existence of a printed version was not itself evidence that its supernatural events had occurred. A later writer might have changed details to make the story more dramatic.

[3] Some pupils searched for information about the town that is associated with the legend. They discovered that historical discussion and traditional storytelling were not always the same thing. Different explanations have been proposed for the origin of the legend, but the details have not been settled simply because a famous story exists. The class made a chart with three labels: supported by the text, possible interpretation, and not established.

[4] For their final presentation, the students wrote a short introduction to the legend and then described how the two versions differed. They also included a note explaining that the class was studying the history of storytelling, not claiming to have solved the mystery. Their teacher praised this distinction. A good reader can enjoy a legend while still asking careful questions about evidence.

13. Q13. 生徒が比較したものは。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：Two printed retellings of the legend.

    理由：二つの異なる語り。

14. Q14. 両方の版に共通した争点は何か。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：The broken promise of payment.

    理由：報酬の約束が守られなかった。

15. Q15. 2つの版で異なる細部の例は。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：The details about what happened to the children.

    理由：子どもたちの行方の記述。

16. Q16. 教師が先に確認すべきと述べた情報は。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：What each version said and which sources its author used.

    理由：本文・刊行時期・出典を照合する。

17. Q17. 印刷物の存在だけで超自然的な出来事を証明できるか。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：No.

    理由：物語の記録と事実の実証は別。

18. Q18. 後世の作者が物語を変更する可能性のある理由は。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：To make it more dramatic.

    理由：第2段落。

19. Q19. 生徒は根拠をどう分類したか。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：Supported by the text, possible interpretation, and not established.

    理由：証拠・解釈・未確定の三分類。

20. Q20. 物語の起源についての様々な説明があることは謎が解決済みを意味するか。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：No.

    理由：諸説の存在は唯一の確定的解答を示さない。

21. Q21. 発表で生徒が強調したことは。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：They studied the history of storytelling rather than claiming to solve the mystery.

    理由：調査の範囲を示す。

22. Q22. 『後世の作者が細部を変えた可能性』は事実確定か。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：No. It is a possibility.

    理由：might have changedという推量。

23. Q23. 本文の最も適切な主張は。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：Readers can enjoy a legend while examining its evidence carefully.

    理由：物語の享受と証拠の検証を両立。

24. Q24. 英語30〜45語で発表の方針を要約する。

    解答と物語・史料の根拠を確認

    解答：Students compared two versions of a legend and found differences in the details. They examined the texts and possible sources while separating evidence from interpretation. Their presentation explained the history of storytelling without claiming to prove that every legendary event had occurred.

    理由：比較・出典・未確定を含む。

25. Q25. 『旅人はすでに去ったようだ』をseem to haveで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：The stranger seems to have left already.

    解説：seemsより前の完了なのでto have left。

26. Q26. 『その物語は何度も語られてきたと言われている』を受動不定詞で。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：The story is said to have been told many times.

    解説：is said＋完了不定詞の受動。

27. Q27. 『約束を破るべきではなかった』をshould haveで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：They should not have broken the promise.

    解説：過去への批判・後悔。

28. Q28. 『彼はそこにいたようだ』をappear to haveで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：He appears to have been there.

    解説：appearsより前の状態をto have been。

29. Q29. 『子どもが町を出たことは確定していない』をnot establishedで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：It has not been established that the children left the town as described.

    解説：史実としての未確認を保つ。

30. Q30. 『伝説を真実とみなさないよう注意された』をtold not toで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：We were told not to treat the legend as established fact.

    解説：否定不定詞not toの位置。

31. Q31. 『旅人は後に戻ったと言われている』をis said toで。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：The stranger is said to have returned later.

    解説：伝承を表すis saidと、先行する出来事の完了不定詞。

32. Q32. 35〜50語で伝説の楽しさと歴史検証の違いを述べる。

    解答・文法構造を確認

    模範解答：A legend can tell an interesting story about promises and responsibility. However, the existence of a story does not prove that every event occurred. Readers should compare versions, ask about sources, and distinguish a possible explanation from an established historical fact.

    解説：主張・根拠・限定が一致する自由英作文。