英検2級by・until・within・no later than・valid throughの違い｜Eメールの期限を読む独自4長文40問【全訳】

by・until・within・before・valid throughの違い

「営業時間が17時まで」と「最終入場が16時30分」は異なる規則です。さらに、申請期限を守ることと申請が承認されることも別です。本文に具体的な時刻がある場合はそちらを優先して読み取ってください。

長文1｜美術展への応募｜before・by・no later than

Subject: Important Dates for the Student Art Exhibition

Dear Applicants,

The community arts center is accepting photographs of student artwork. Applications must reach us before Friday, November 6. This means the online application form must be submitted by the end of Thursday, November 5. Applications arriving on Friday will not be considered.

The selection committee will announce its decisions by Tuesday, November 10. Successful applicants must confirm their places no later than 5 p.m. on Thursday, November 12. An applicant who receives an offer but fails to confirm by that time may lose the place to someone on the waiting list.

The exhibition will be open from Saturday, November 21, through Sunday, November 29. Visitors can enter between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. each day, but final admission is at 4:30 p.m. The exhibition does not close at 4:30; that is only the deadline for entering.

Accepted students should deliver their finished artwork by 4 p.m. on Friday, November 20. The center will supply display tables and labels. Students may bring their own protective covers, but these are optional.

Please contact the organizer if you cannot attend. Submission does not guarantee acceptance.

独自内容一致10問

問1：When is the latest time to submit the application?

1. By the end of Thursday, November 5
2. On Friday, November 6
3. On Tuesday, November 10
4. At five on Thursday, November 12

問2：Are applications arriving on Friday accepted?

1. Yes, all Friday applications are valid
2. No, Friday is too late
3. Only applications arriving by noon Friday
4. Only applications with printed photographs

問3：When will selection decisions be announced at the latest?

1. November 5
2. November 6
3. By Tuesday, November 10
4. After November 29

問4：What is the deadline for selected applicants to confirm?

1. Wednesday at noon
2. Thursday at midnight
3. Friday at four
4. Thursday, November 12, at 5 p.m.

問5：What could happen if an applicant misses the confirmation deadline?

1. The place may go to someone on the waiting list
2. All applications will be accepted
3. The exhibition will be canceled
4. The applicant will automatically win

問6：When does the exhibition begin?

1. Friday, November 20
2. Saturday, November 21
3. Sunday, November 29
4. Tuesday, November 10

問7：On which date does the exhibition finish?

1. November 20
2. November 21
3. November 29
4. December 1

問8：What does final admission at 4:30 p.m. mean?

1. Every visitor must leave at 4:30
2. The exhibition opens at 4:30
3. Applications close at 4:30
4. Visitors must enter no later than 4:30

問9：When must selected students deliver their work?

1. By 4 p.m. on Friday, November 20
2. By 5 p.m. on November 29
3. Only on November 21
4. Before applications close on November 5

問10：Which item is optional for students to bring?

1. The finished artwork
2. Protective covers
3. The online application
4. A confirmation of attendance

長文2｜オンライン教材の利用期間｜valid through・expires・by

A public library has introduced a free digital-learning membership for local teenagers. Members can use a selection of educational videos and exercises after completing a short registration process. A card issued on April 1 is valid through June 30. This means it can still be used on June 30 but expires at the end of that day.

To continue using the service without interruption, members must submit a renewal request by June 25. Requests received after June 25 may still be reviewed, but access cannot be guaranteed to continue without a break. Submitting a renewal request does not automatically mean the request has been approved.

Some videos may be downloaded until 6 p.m. on June 30. After that time, the download option will be disabled, even for members who renewed their cards. Downloading an educational video does not give members permission to post or sell copies online.

The library recommends that users check their account details before June 20. This date is advice, not a compulsory deadline. Help is available at the library desk from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. on weekdays. The desk does not accept walk-in requests after 4 p.m., although online forms remain available.

独自内容一致10問

問11：What does valid through June 30 mean?

1. The card stops working before June 30
2. The card can still be used on June 30
3. The card first becomes valid on June 30
4. The card remains valid indefinitely

問12：When does the card expire?

1. At the beginning of April 1
2. At noon on June 25
3. At the end of June 30
4. At 6 p.m. on June 20

問13：What is required to avoid a break in access?

1. Downloading all videos
2. Visiting the help desk on July 1
3. Buying a new phone
4. Submitting renewal by June 25

問14：What is true of late renewal requests?

1. They may be reviewed, but uninterrupted access is not guaranteed
2. They are always approved instantly
3. They automatically extend the card by a year
4. They must be made through social media

問15：Does submitting renewal mean approval?

1. Yes, every submission is approval
2. No, submission and approval are different
3. Only if a video was downloaded
4. Only after posting a video online

問16：When does the download option close?

1. June 20 at noon
2. June 25 at midnight
3. June 30 at 6 p.m.
4. July 1 at 10 a.m.

問17：Can renewed members download after 6 p.m. on June 30?

1. Yes, without limits
2. Yes, if they visit the desk
3. Only if they pay for a video
4. No, the download option closes for them too

問18：What is prohibited after downloading a video?

1. Posting or selling copies without permission
2. Watching it for personal study
3. Taking notes while watching
4. Checking the video’s language

問19：What is the purpose of June 20?

1. A mandatory deadline for all renewal forms
2. A recommended date to check account details
3. The card’s expiration date
4. The start of weekday help

問20：When is the weekday help desk open?

1. 7 a.m. to 9 a.m.
2. 8 a.m. to 8 p.m.
3. 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
4. Only after 4 p.m.

長文3｜持ち物と提出期限｜within 48 hours・by・until

A community language center sends accepted applicants a confirmation email after selecting them for a weekend conversation workshop. Each selected applicant must reply within 48 hours after the email arrives. For example, someone who receives the message at noon on Tuesday must reply by noon on Thursday. A person who misses the deadline may lose the place to someone on the waiting list.

The center accepts questions by email until 5 p.m. on Friday. Staff will not answer messages sent after that time before the weekend program begins. Participants must bring a valid photo ID and wear a name card during the workshop. They are not required to bring notebooks because the center provides paper, but note-taking is recommended.

The program begins at 9:30 a.m. on Saturday. Participants should arrive by 9:15 for an introduction. The last admission to the building is at 9:25 for this particular session, so someone arriving at 9:30 may not be admitted even though the session is just beginning.

Visitors may stay in the discussion room until noon. However, the workshop itself ends at 11:45, leaving fifteen minutes for participants to return materials and leave the room. The center will announce any change in the program on its website.

独自内容一致10問

問21：How long after receiving the confirmation email may selected applicants reply?

1. Within 24 hours
2. Within 36 hours
3. Within 48 hours
4. Within seven days

問22：If the email arrives Tuesday at noon, when is the reply due?

1. Wednesday at noon
2. Thursday at 5 p.m.
3. Friday at noon
4. Thursday at noon

問23：What may happen if a selected applicant replies too late?

1. The place may be offered to someone else
2. They are automatically given two seats
3. The deadline is extended indefinitely
4. The workshop becomes free for everyone

問24：Until when are email questions accepted?

1. Thursday at noon
2. Friday at 5 p.m.
3. Saturday at 9:30 a.m.
4. Sunday at noon

問25：What must participants bring?

1. A personal notebook
2. A laptop
3. A valid photo ID
4. A musical instrument

問26：Are notebooks compulsory?

1. Yes, everyone must buy one
2. Yes, a notebook replaces the ID
3. Only if arriving early
4. No, the center provides paper

問27：When does the workshop begin?

1. 9:30 a.m. Saturday
2. 9:15 a.m. Saturday
3. 9:25 a.m. Saturday
4. Noon Saturday

問28：What is the final admission time for this session?

1. 9:15 a.m.
2. 9:25 a.m.
3. 9:30 a.m.
4. 11:45 a.m.

問29：When does the workshop itself end?

1. 9:30 a.m.
2. Noon
3. 11:45 a.m.
4. 5 p.m.

問30：What is the final fifteen-minute period used for?

1. A new language lesson
2. A second application process
3. An additional test
4. Returning materials and leaving

長文4｜地域の歩道工事の通知｜from・through・no later than

A town plans to repair an old footbridge beside a public park. The section under repair will be closed from Monday, May 4, through Friday, May 8. It will remain closed on Friday, May 8, and the town expects to reopen it on Saturday, May 9, if the final inspection is satisfactory.

Residents are advised to use a marked alternative route until the bridge reopens. The alternative path takes about ten additional minutes, so travelers should allow extra time. The town recommends checking its website before leaving home but does not require visitors to use smartphones.

Engineers must finish the safety inspection no later than 4 p.m. on Friday. The town will post an update by 6 p.m. that evening. If the inspection identifies a problem, the closure may continue beyond Saturday, and the website will explain the change.

Shops near the bridge may request temporary delivery access. Such requests must be submitted at least two business days before the requested delivery date. Permission is not automatic; staff must check whether the proposed delivery can be handled safely.

Officials have not guaranteed that the bridge will be open on Saturday, May 9. The date is a plan that depends on the inspection.

独自内容一致10問

問31：On which days is the bridge section scheduled to be closed?

1. Monday through Friday, including Friday
2. Monday through Thursday only
3. Friday through Sunday
4. Saturday and Sunday only

問32：Is the bridge expected to be open on Friday, May 8?

1. Yes, from noon
2. No, it remains closed that day
3. Yes, if people use smartphones
4. Only for school groups

問33：What is the planned reopening date?

1. May 4
2. May 8
3. May 9
4. May 11

問34：Is the reopening guaranteed?

1. Yes, no inspection is needed
2. Yes, any problem will be ignored
3. Yes, the original plan cannot change
4. No, it depends on inspection

問35：How much longer does the alternative route take?

1. About ten minutes
2. Exactly one hour
3. Less than one minute
4. About a whole day

問36：Is using a smartphone compulsory?

1. Yes, for all travelers
2. No, website checking is only recommended
3. Only for shop owners
4. Yes, to enter the park

問37：What is the safety-inspection deadline?

1. Friday at 6 p.m.
2. Saturday at 9 a.m.
3. Friday at 4 p.m.
4. Thursday at noon

問38：By when will the town publish its update?

1. Thursday afternoon
2. Saturday at noon
3. Monday morning
4. Friday at 6 p.m.

問39：When must shops request temporary delivery access?

1. At least two business days before the desired delivery date
2. After a delivery has finished
3. Only on Saturday May 9
4. On the day the road first closes

問40：Does submitting a delivery request guarantee permission?

1. Yes, every request is approved
2. No, safety must be checked first
3. Yes, if the shop is large
4. Only if the bridge has reopened

全40問の正答一覧

長文1：1A／2B／3C／4D／5A／6B／7C／8D／9A／10B

長文2：11B／12C／13D／14A／15B／16C／17D／18A／19B／20C

長文3：21C／22D／23A／24B／25C／26D／27A／28B／29C／30D

長文4：31A／32B／33C／34D／35A／36B／37C／38D／39A／40B

7日間の復習順序

初日は4長文40問を解きます。2日目にbyとbefore、3日目にuntilと営業時間、4日目にwithin、5日目にvalid throughとexpires、6日目に申請と承認、7日目に誤答を再テストしてください。

FAQ

by Fridayには金曜を含みますか？

通常は含みます。ただし「金曜の何時まで」など具体的な時刻の指定があれば、その時刻が締切です。

before Fridayに金曜は含まれますか？

含まれません。金曜より前という意味です。

valid through June 30は6月30日も使えますか？

はい。本文で特別な条件がなければ6月30日まで有効で、同日を含みます。

期限内に申請すれば参加は確定ですか？

いいえ。定員・選考・最終確認の段階がある場合、期限内の申請と参加確約は別です。

英検協会の公式問題ですか？

いいえ。慶英会が独自制作した教材です。

関連教材

• required・optional・recommendedの独自40問
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参照した公式情報

日本英語検定協会｜2級試験内容。この問題と和訳・解説は慶英会の独自制作です。