英検1級のライティングは「英文要約」と「意見英作文」の2課題です。本教材は慶英会が独自に作成した練習問題であり、日本英語検定協会の過去問ではありません。英文要約の指定語数は90〜110語です。まず本文の主張・利点・制約・対応策を抽出し、その後に自分の表現で要約してください。
解き方：90〜110語の要約を安定させる4段階
- 第1段階：最初の2文でテーマと背景を把握する。
- 第2段階：推進側の主張と反対側の懸念を別々にメモする。
- 第3段階：筆者が示す対策・条件を落とさず、具体例だけを圧縮する。
- 第4段階：語数を数え、本文にない断定や意見を削除する。
英文要約・独自問題1：公共図書館の修理工房
課題：以下を読み、英語90〜110語で要約してください。
Public libraries have traditionally lent books and provided quiet places to study. In several cities, however, they have begun offering repair workshops where residents can learn to mend clothing, small appliances, and household objects. Supporters argue that the workshops reduce waste while making practical knowledge accessible to people who cannot afford specialized tools. Some libraries also invite retired technicians to volunteer, creating opportunities for different generations to exchange skills. Yet this expansion raises difficult questions. Equipment requires maintenance, and staff must establish safety procedures for activities involving electricity or sharp instruments. Critics worry that funding such programs could divert resources from core services, especially in neighborhoods where library opening hours are already limited. Organizers respond that repair sessions need not replace traditional services: partnerships with local businesses and community groups can supply equipment and trained volunteers. Their success may depend less on the number of items fixed than on whether the programs remain accessible, safe, and financially sustainable.
模範要約（解答）
Some public libraries now host workshops teaching residents to repair everyday items. Advocates say these programs reduce waste, widen access to practical skills, and connect generations through volunteering. However, specialized equipment and safety requirements may strain budgets, while critics fear that the workshops could undermine essential library services. Organizers suggest partnerships that provide resources without replacing traditional functions. Ultimately, successful programs must balance community benefits against safety, affordability, and continued access to libraries’ original educational services. These initiatives are not merely repair services; they are educational projects that require careful oversight and continued evaluation by local communities.
語数：97語。
重要ポイント・日本語解説
論旨は「図書館の修理講座→廃棄物削減・技能共有→安全と予算の課題→地域連携による継続」。スタッフの負担や本来の図書館サービスとの両立という条件を省かないことが重要です。要約で「すべての図書館が成功した」と断定するのは本文の範囲を超えます。
確認問題（独自6問）
- 問1：本文中の新しい図書館サービスを日本語で説明する。
- 問2：推進側が挙げる利点を二つ述べる。
- 問3：運営面の懸念を二つ述べる。
- 問4：地域連携の役割は何か。
- 問5：本文に「必ず節約できる」という断定があるか。
- 問6：最後の結論は何を条件としているか。
確認問題の解答・解説
- 問1：修理の実習講座。従来の貸出と学習場所の提供に加えるサービス。
- 問2：ごみの削減と、道具を買えない住民への技能習得機会。世代間交流も可。
- 問3：設備の保守費・安全管理・本来業務への予算配分。
- 問4：企業・地域団体が道具や訓練されたボランティアを提供できる。
- 問5：ない。財政的な持続可能性は課題として残る。
- 問6：アクセスのしやすさ、安全、財政の継続性を両立させること。
英文要約・独自問題2：都市の夜間配送
課題：以下を読み、英語90〜110語で要約してください。
As online shopping expands, delivery vehicles are contributing to daytime congestion in large cities. Some municipal governments are considering programs that encourage freight companies to deliver goods late at night, when streets are less crowded. Advocates say the change could shorten journeys, reduce fuel consumption, and make daytime roads safer for cyclists and pedestrians. Businesses might also benefit because goods could arrive before stores open. Nevertheless, nighttime operations present trade-offs. Loading activities may disturb residents, while companies must pay workers for unsocial hours and ensure that buildings can receive shipments securely. Smaller retailers may lack the staffing needed to participate. Pilot programs therefore combine quieter electric vehicles with designated unloading zones, shared storage facilities, and voluntary scheduling arrangements. Researchers caution that the environmental benefits cannot be assumed: they depend on vehicle occupancy, travel distances, and whether deliveries simply shift rather than reduce total traffic. City officials are consequently assessing both neighborhood noise and transportation data before deciding whether to expand the schemes.
模範要約（解答）
To ease daytime congestion, some cities are encouraging freight deliveries at night. Supporters expect faster transport, potential fuel savings, and safer streets, while shops may receive supplies before opening. Nevertheless, deliveries could create noise, increase labor costs, and disadvantage small retailers lacking staff. Pilot projects use quiet vehicles, shared facilities, and flexible schedules to address these concerns. Officials must assess noise alongside reliable traffic and emissions data because moving deliveries to different hours does not necessarily reduce overall journeys or environmental impacts. Consequently, expansion should depend on measured results rather than the assumption that a different delivery timetable automatically improves sustainability.
語数：101語。
重要ポイント・日本語解説
論旨は「夜間配送で混雑を緩和→効率化の期待→騒音・人件費・小売店の負担→試行とデータ検証」。夜間配送が必ず排出量を減らすとは述べられていません。条件付きの可能性を may / could / depend on で表現します。
確認問題（独自6問）
- 問1：夜間配送を検討する主な理由は何か。
- 問2：推進側の利点を二つ述べる。
- 問3：住民への影響を一つ述べる。
- 問4：小売店に生じる課題は何か。
- 問5：試行に含まれる工夫を二つ述べる。
- 問6：環境面の効果を判断する際の注意は何か。
確認問題の解答・解説
- 問1：日中の交通渋滞と配送車による道路負荷を抑えるため。
- 問2：移動時間短縮、燃料消費削減の可能性、日中の道路安全など。
- 問3：夜間の荷下ろしによる騒音。
- 問4：夜間の受取スタッフを確保できない場合がある。
- 問5：静かな電動車両、指定荷下ろし場所、共同保管施設、柔軟な時間割など。
- 問6：走行距離・積載率・総交通量を検証する必要があり、単なる時間帯移動では削減とは限らない。
意見英作文・独自トピック2題と模範解答
トピック1：Should public funding prioritize repairing existing infrastructure over building new facilities?
練習指示：賛否を明示し、理由を複数示し、反対意見への応答を入れて論じてください。
模範解答：Public authorities should generally prioritize maintaining existing infrastructure rather than constructing new facilities. First, neglected bridges, water pipes, and public buildings can create safety risks that become more expensive to address over time. Preventive maintenance may therefore protect both residents and public budgets. Second, renovating facilities can preserve valuable services without consuming as many materials or as much land as new construction. This approach can also reduce disruption to established communities. Admittedly, growing populations sometimes require additional schools, hospitals, or transportation networks. Governments should not reject every new project simply because it is costly. Nevertheless, construction proposals ought to demonstrate that current assets cannot meet local needs through repair, redesign, or more efficient management. In conclusion, maintenance deserves priority because it is often a responsible use of public resources, while well-justified new facilities should remain an option.
構成解説：冒頭で立場を示し、理由を二つ述べ、反論に限定的に応じてから結論へ戻ります。制度の細部や未確認の統計を捏造せず、理由と因果関係を具体的に説明します。
トピック2：Can cities reduce environmental harm without limiting consumer choice?
練習指示：賛否を明示し、理由を複数示し、反対意見への応答を入れて論じてください。
模範解答：Cities can reduce environmental damage while preserving a substantial degree of consumer choice, although some regulations may still be necessary. One effective strategy is to make sustainable options convenient. Reliable public transportation, accessible recycling services, and transparent product information allow residents to change behavior voluntarily. Another approach is to encourage businesses to develop cleaner technologies through consistent standards and targeted incentives. Consumers can then choose among competing products rather than being forced into a single solution. However, voluntary action alone may not address pollution whose costs fall on people who did not create it. Restrictions on especially harmful practices can sometimes be justified. The central challenge is to design proportionate rules that protect public health without unnecessarily reducing options. Overall, governments should expand attractive alternatives first and reserve restrictive measures for cases where clear evidence shows they are needed.
構成解説：冒頭で立場を示し、理由を二つ述べ、反論に限定的に応じてから結論へ戻ります。制度の細部や未確認の統計を捏造せず、理由と因果関係を具体的に説明します。
セルフチェックと復習
- 要約は90〜110語であり、本文にない意見を入れていないか。
- 本文のメリットだけでなく問題点と条件を表現したか。
- 意見英作文は立場・根拠・反論への応答・結論が一貫しているか。
- 主語・動詞の対応、冠詞、単複、時制、接続表現を確認したか。
- 1回目の解答を見ずに書き直し、修正前後の論点の欠落を比較したか。
公式情報・関連教材
日本英語検定協会：1級試験内容／2025年度以降の英文要約の語数指示。形式は受験前に公式最新情報で確認してください。
英検1級Writing模試・第33セット｜慶英会の無料体験・学習相談。英検1級の添削・学習計画についてご相談いただけます。