慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
英検1級Writing無料模試・第19セットです。慶英会オリジナルの英文要約2題、意見英作文2題、語数を検算した模範答案4本、原文の段落別和訳、内容確認12問と誤文修正12問（全24問）を収録しました。家庭の電力利用時刻と大学研究機器の共同利用という、長期的に使える社会的題材を扱います。公式過去問ではありません。
現行の英検1級Writingは英文要約1題（90〜110語）と意見英作文1題（200〜240語）です。ReadingとWritingの合計制限時間は100分。日本英語検定協会の英語版公式形式および2025年度からの要約指示文変更を参照してください。
この無料教材で身につける論理の型
- 要約：課題→提案→確認された事実→測定上の制約→結論、の順に要点を取る。
- 事実と推定：登録人数と実際の節電、予約数と研究完了を混同しない。
- 英作文：賛否を明示し、独立した3理由、反対意見への対応、現実的な結論を示す。
- 模範答案を先に読まず、自分で書き切った後に比較する。語数だけでなく意味の保存・構成・文法を校閲する。
Set A｜英文要約の原文：家庭の電力利用時刻と料金制度
Task: Read the original passage and summarize it in English between 90 and 110 words.
Paragraph 1：The fictional city of Dunhaven introduced an optional electricity program that offered lower prices at certain off-peak hours. Energy officials hoped the scheme would encourage households to operate washing machines and charge electric vehicles when demand on the local network was lower. A computer model predicted that shifting some activities away from the evening peak could reduce the need for costly infrastructure upgrades. During the first quarter, the number of participants exceeded expectations, and a city spokesperson claimed that the program had already reduced electricity consumption across the community.
Paragraph 2：Independent analysts questioned that conclusion. Lower demand during the peak did not necessarily mean that households consumed less electricity overall; some simply used the same amount at a different time. Furthermore, households with flexible schedules or programmable appliances could respond more easily than people who worked irregular hours or could not afford newer equipment. The program’s voluntary participants were therefore unlikely to represent the entire city. An analyst warned that the difference between moving consumption and reducing consumption mattered both for calculating financial benefits and for evaluating environmental effects.
Paragraph 3：The utility company began collecting hourly usage data from consenting households and compared their patterns with those of similar customers who had not enrolled. It also monitored whether new appliances created additional electricity demand. Privacy advocates expressed concern about revealing household routines through detailed consumption records. In response, the utility limited access to raw readings, reported aggregated findings, and explained how long information would be retained. The pilot encountered another complication when a prolonged heatwave increased cooling needs, making it difficult to separate the program’s effects from exceptional weather.
Paragraph 4：After a year, the city found evidence that some participants had reduced demand at peak hours, but its evaluation could not establish a uniform reduction in overall electricity use or household bills. Benefits also varied according to housing and work conditions. Officials continued the voluntary program while funding accessible advice for residents with fewer options to shift their consumption. They rejected immediate compulsory enrollment and committed to reviewing grid costs, data protection, and unequal impacts. The final report emphasized that changing the timing of demand could be useful, but participation rates alone did not demonstrate lower emissions, lower total consumption, or fairness.
Set A｜段落ごとの日本語訳
第1段落：架空のダンヘイブン市は、電力需要の少ない時間帯の料金を下げる任意参加制度を導入した。洗濯機の利用や電気自動車の充電を夕方のピークから移すことで設備投資を抑えられる可能性がある。初期参加者が予想を上回り、市の広報担当者はすでに地域の電力消費量が減ったと発言した。
第2段落：独立分析者は、ピーク時間帯の利用が減っても全体の使用量が減るとは限らず、使用時刻が移動しただけかもしれないと指摘した。勤務時間が柔軟な家庭や予約運転機能を持つ家電を使える家庭ほど参加しやすく、自主参加者は市全体の代表ではない。時刻の移動と総量の削減を区別することが必要だ。
第3段落：電力会社は同意した家庭の時間帯別データを取り、非参加の類似家庭と比べた。新たな家電による電力増加も調べた。細かな使用記録から生活行動が推測され得るため、個別データのアクセスを制限し、集約した結果を公表した。試行中の長期の猛暑も効果判定を難しくした。
第4段落：1年後に一部家庭でピーク需要の低下は確認されたが、全体の消費量や料金の一律削減までは証明できなかった。住宅条件や就労状況で効果が違うため、市は任意参加を続けつつ柔軟性の少ない住民を支援し、強制加入は見送った。参加率だけで公平性・排出量・総消費の改善は証明できない。
Set A｜意見英作文TOPIC
Should governments encourage households to shift electricity use to off-peak hours? Give THREE reasons. Suggested length: 200–240 words.
Set B｜英文要約の原文：大学間での高額研究機器の共同利用
Task: Read the original passage and summarize it in English between 90 and 110 words.
Paragraph 1：The fictional Alliance of North Valley Universities proposed a shared reservation system for expensive scientific equipment. Smaller institutions often lacked the resources to purchase and maintain advanced microscopes and analytical instruments, while some machines at larger universities remained unused for long periods. The alliance hoped that coordinated bookings could help more researchers use existing facilities without every institution buying identical equipment. Its initial feasibility report predicted substantial savings from fewer purchases. Several university leaders described the proposal as a straightforward way to make scientific research more equal.
Paragraph 2：Laboratory managers welcomed wider access but pointed out practical restrictions. Certain instruments required specialist operators, certified calibration, and carefully controlled environmental conditions. Researchers needed time to transport sensitive samples, and some projects involved confidential data or materials that could not legally leave particular facilities. Even when a machine was unoccupied, it might not be available for a different experiment without extensive cleaning or changes to its configuration. As a result, the number of empty hours in a booking calendar could overstate the capacity that institutions could safely share.
Paragraph 3：The universities established a small pilot involving four facilities with different specialties. Staff recorded completed experiments, canceled reservations, calibration downtime, technical assistance, and transport costs. The participants also created rules governing access to confidential findings and responsibility for equipment damage. Early reports emphasized that the number of bookings had increased, but an independent reviewer warned that repeated bookings for the same unfinished project might inflate apparent demand. Researchers were asked to evaluate whether the pilot actually improved scientific opportunities for institutions that previously had limited access.
Paragraph 4：After eighteen months, researchers at several smaller universities had completed experiments that would otherwise have been difficult to conduct. However, the alliance had not demonstrated that a shared system would reduce total spending in every discipline, particularly once staffing and transport were included. It decided to expand selectively, prioritizing instruments with compatible technical requirements and reliable support arrangements. Public reports would distinguish bookings from completed research, identify limits on access, and describe ongoing maintenance costs. The alliance concluded that equipment sharing could broaden scientific participation, provided coordination was judged by usable capacity and research outcomes rather than calendar entries alone.
Set B｜段落ごとの日本語訳
第1段落：架空のノースバレー大学連合は、高額な顕微鏡や分析装置を大学間で共同予約できる制度を提案した。小規模大学は機器の購入・維持費が高く、大規模大学の機器には未使用時間があることもある。購入重複を減らせると予測され、科学研究の公平性が自動的に高まるという期待があった。
第2段落：管理者は、専門職員、校正、温度などの管理条件、検体輸送、機密資料の移動制限を指摘した。予約表で空いていても洗浄や設定変更が必要なら別の研究にすぐ使えない。したがって予約表の空き時間は実際に共有できる時間を過大評価する可能性がある。
第3段落：4施設で試行し、実施した実験数、キャンセル、校正による停止、技術支援、輸送費を記録した。機密研究と機器破損の責任も規定した。予約件数は増加したが、未完了の同一プロジェクトによる複数予約が需要を膨らませる可能性があり、元々機器を使いにくかった大学の研究機会が改善したかが重要視された。
第4段落：18か月後、小規模大学の研究者は従来難しかった実験を完成させたが、人員・輸送費を含めた全分野での節約は未証明だった。連合は技術条件と支援体制の整う機器から選択的に拡大し、予約数ではなく実際に利用できる能力と研究成果で制度を評価することにした。
Set B｜意見英作文TOPIC
Should universities share expensive research equipment across institutions? Give THREE reasons. Suggested length: 200–240 words.
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
塾長の経歴・指導方針
中高一貫校の英語・定期テスト・英検の学習状況を整理し、必要な復習の優先順位を考えたい方は、無料体験・学習相談のご案内をご確認ください。最大1か月完全無料体験の対象・回数・担当講師は、お申し込み時にご案内します。
友だち追加後、学年・教材・困っていることと「学習相談希望（ブログ・記事中盤）」をお送りください。LINEを開くだけでは受付は完了しません。LINEを利用できない方はメールでの学習相談も可能です。料金・無料体験の期間と条件はコース・料金・無料体験のご案内でご確認ください。
要約・英作文の模範4答案と解説
Set A｜英文要約の模範答案（102語）
Dunhaven introduced an optional electricity program offering lower prices during off-peak hours to ease pressure on its network. Although enrollment was strong, analysts warned that shifting consumption did not necessarily reduce total electricity use. Households also differed in their ability to change routines, making participants unrepresentative. The utility compared hourly records with other customers while introducing privacy safeguards, but unusual weather complicated evaluation. After a year, some peak demand had fallen, yet overall savings and fairness remained uncertain. The city retained voluntary participation and assistance while rejecting compulsory enrollment. Officials emphasized that participation figures alone could not demonstrate reduced consumption or emissions.
解説：ピークの低下と総使用量の低下を区別し、自発的参加による偏り、猛暑、データ保護、強制加入の見送りを残しています。
Set A｜意見英作文の模範答案（208語）
Governments should encourage households to use electricity during off-peak periods, but participation should remain voluntary and accessible. Three reasons support this approach.
First, shifting flexible activities can reduce pressure on electricity networks. Charging vehicles or operating certain appliances outside the busiest hours may make existing infrastructure easier to manage. However, moving consumption is not identical to reducing total energy use, so policymakers should measure both effects separately.
Second, well-designed price signals may help some households lower their costs. People with programmable appliances or flexible schedules can respond to different rates. Nevertheless, those opportunities are not equally available. Residents working irregular hours or using older equipment may struggle to change their routines.
Third, a voluntary program creates opportunities to test which approaches work. Utilities can study demand patterns and compare participating households with suitable nonparticipants. They should also protect privacy because detailed usage records may reveal personal routines.
Critics argue that such schemes can place unfair burdens on people with fewer options. This is a serious concern. Governments should offer clear information, practical support, and alternative pricing arrangements rather than assuming every household can adapt.
Overall, off-peak incentives can contribute to better electricity management, but their success depends on credible evidence, data protection, and fair treatment of different households.
解説：理由は需要ピークの抑制、料金の選択肢、検証機会。反論として家電・勤務の格差を認め、任意参加と代替料金を提案しています。
Set B｜英文要約の模範答案（103語）
North Valley universities proposed sharing costly scientific instruments to widen research opportunities and avoid duplicate purchases. Laboratory managers warned that specialist operation, calibration, sample transport, confidentiality, and cleaning could limit usable capacity. A four-facility pilot tracked completed experiments and operating costs, although rising reservations did not necessarily mean greater research access. After eighteen months, some smaller institutions had completed previously difficult projects, but savings across all disciplines remained unproven. The alliance chose selective expansion with technical support and clear responsibility for equipment use. It concluded that sharing could improve access if evaluated through completed research and actual costs rather than empty calendar slots.
解説：導入の目的、校正・輸送・機密性、予約数と完了実験の違い、限定的な効果、選択的拡大の条件を残しています。
Set B｜意見英作文の模範答案（207語）
Universities should cooperate in sharing expensive scientific equipment when technical conditions permit. Three advantages make this approach attractive.
First, shared facilities can widen access to advanced research methods. Smaller universities may lack the budget to buy specialized instruments, even when their researchers have valuable questions to investigate. Coordinated reservations could allow more teams to conduct experiments without purchasing identical machines.
Second, cooperation can make better use of existing resources. Equipment that remains idle for long periods may represent an opportunity for shared access. However, empty hours on a calendar do not always mean that a machine is ready for another project. Cleaning, calibration, and specialist supervision must be considered.
Third, a shared system can encourage collaboration. Researchers from different institutions may exchange technical knowledge and develop projects that would be difficult to pursue independently. Clear policies on confidentiality and intellectual property would be essential to protect participants.
Critics reasonably worry about transport expenses and disputes over scheduling or damage. Universities should begin with selected instruments, establish transparent responsibilities, and review actual operating costs before expanding their networks.
In conclusion, sharing research equipment is a promising way to broaden scientific participation, provided that institutions measure completed experiments, usable capacity, and total costs rather than celebrating reservation numbers alone.
解説：理由は研究機会の拡大、既存設備の利用、大学間協働。反論として輸送・校正費・機器の責任を認め、限定導入を提案しています。
原文に忠実に答える内容確認12問
Q1. Dunhaven市が電力料金を時間帯別にした目的は何か。
Q2. 参加人数の増加から総電力消費削減を推論できない理由は。
Q3. 制度の参加者が市全体を代表しない理由は。
Q4. 電力使用データの扱いで生じた懸念は。
Q5. パイロット評価を難しくした天候要因は。
Q6. 市議会が拒否した政策は。
Q7. 大学連合が機器共同利用を提案した目的は。
Q8. 予約表の空き時間が実利用可能時間と異なる理由は。
Q9. 研究試料の共同利用で問題となった条件は。
Q10. 試行において予約数以外に記録したことは。
Q11. 18か月後に確認された一部の成果は。
Q12. 大学連合が全分野での費用節約を断言しなかった理由は。
意味を変える誤文の訂正12問
Q13. Every household in Dunhaven had to join the program.
Q14. Lower peak demand always means lower total consumption.
Q15. All households could adjust their schedules equally.
Q16. Detailed hourly records revealed no privacy concerns.
Q17. The heatwave was irrelevant to the electricity trial.
Q18. The city proved equal savings for every participant.
Q19. Every unused hour meant a machine was ready for research.
Q20. The alliance ignored the cost of moving samples.
Q21. More reservations proved that more research was completed.
Q22. All experiments could be moved freely between institutions.
Q23. The project proved cost savings in every discipline.
Q24. The alliance required all instruments to join immediately.
全24問の模範解答・理由
A1：ピーク時間帯の電力需要を別の時間帯へ移し、電力網への負担を減らすため。
A2：利用時刻が移っただけで、消費した電力量の総計は変わらない可能性があるため。
A3：勤務時間や家電の機能などにより参加の容易さが異なるため。
A4：時間帯別の詳細データから家庭の生活パターンを推測されるプライバシー上の懸念。
A5：長引く猛暑により冷房需要が増えたこと。
A6：すべての家庭への強制加入。
A7：高額機器への研究アクセスを拡大し、同じ機器の重複購入を減らすため。
A8：校正・洗浄・機器設定変更・専門職員が必要な場合があるため。
A9：輸送費、機密性、施設外への持ち出し制限など。
A10：完成した実験、キャンセル、校正による停止、支援と輸送費。
A11：機器が不足していた大学の研究者が従来難しかった実験を完成させたこと。
A12：人件費・輸送費などを含めた節約が全分野で確認されたわけではなかったため。
A13：The electricity program was voluntary, and compulsory enrollment was rejected. — 強制と任意の事実が逆。
A14：Lower peak demand may reflect changes in timing rather than lower total consumption. — 時刻の移動と総消費量を区別。
A15：Households differed in their ability to shift electricity use. — 参加の容易さの格差がある。
A16：Detailed usage records could disclose personal routines, requiring safeguards. — 生活パターンの推測可能性を考慮。
A17：Exceptional heat increased cooling demand and complicated evaluation. — 猛暑は交絡要因。
A18：The evaluation found varying effects and no uniform savings. — 個別条件によって便益が異なる。
A19：Calendar vacancies did not necessarily represent usable capacity. — 校正・洗浄・設定などの制約。
A20：The pilot monitored transport and technical support costs. — 輸送と支援費用を測った。
A21：More reservations did not necessarily indicate more completed experiments. — 途中の同一研究による複数予約。
A22：Some samples and confidential projects faced movement restrictions. — 機密と試料輸送の制約。
A23：Savings across all disciplines remained unproven. — 全分野への一般化を避ける。
A24：The alliance expanded selectively where compatible support was available. — 条件を満たす機器から選択的拡大。
7日間のWriting復習プログラム
- 1日目：英文要約Aと英作文Aを書き、語数と論旨を確認。
- 2日目：Set Bの要約と英作文を初見で書く。
- 3日目：2つの要約を比較し、原文にない結論・抜けた条件を訂正。
- 4日目：誤文訂正12問を解き直す。
- 5日目：立場を逆転させて両TOPICについて理由3つを組み直す。
- 6日目：文法・冠詞・指示語・余計な繰り返しを確認し推敲。
- 7日目：模範答案を隠し、要約と英作文を時間を計って再提出する。
よくある質問
英検1級の要約は90〜110語ですか？
はい。2025年度から、公式の設問指示文にも指定語数の範囲が明示されています。要約は正確に論点を残したうえで指定範囲内にまとめてください。
英作文は必ず模範と同じ意見を書くべきですか？
いいえ。論理的で一貫した根拠があれば異なる立場も成り立ちます。答えにくい立場に無理に賛成せず、自分が明確に説明できる意見を選びましょう。
関連する英検1級無料教材
最新の続編無料教材：Writing第20セット｜要約2題・英作文2題・独自24問。前回の誤答と今回の初見問題を比較し、解答の根拠まで確認してください。いずれも慶英会独自制作・非公式問題です。
慶英会では英文要約・意見英作文の構成や誤りを個別に確認できます。最大1か月無料体験・学習相談はこちら。
参考：日本英語検定協会・英検1級公式試験形式、2025年度からの要約指示文。原文・模範答案・練習問題は慶英会が独自に制作しました。
最大1か月完全無料体験・学習相談受付中
最大1か月の完全無料体験をご案内
学校教材・学力・目標に合わせた個別指導
入塾前に授業の進め方や講師との相性をお確かめください。
学校英語・定期テスト・英検の学習相談にも対応します。
保護者様の教育相談も無料で承ります。
1.学年 2. 学習目標 3.体験ご希望をお送りください。
体験の期間・回数・担当講師・日程は、ご希望と受付状況を確認してご案内します。
慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する