慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級
中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門とするオンライン個別指導塾です。塾長紹介
結論：英検1級二次面接で『賛成だが例外がある』と答えるときは、単に Yes, but… で止めず、賛成する条件、重要な反対事情、実行できる改善策を付けます。慶英会独自28問すべてに英語模範回答・要点和訳・条件の説明を追加しました。実際の英検面接問題や英検協会の公式回答ではありません。
Yes, but…を使う4要素
①原則として賛成するか。②条件が成立する場合の利益。③例外・反対側の懸念。④具体的な改善策。たとえば通勤課金について『公共交通が十分でなければ不公平になる』という反例を認めた後、制度を使う条件を明示することが大切です。
独自28問｜条件付き賛成の英語模範回答
問1｜Should cities introduce congestion fees?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if affordable public transport alternatives exist. One possible benefit is less congestion during peak hours. Without safeguards, workers without other travel options could face unfair costs. I would offer discounts and improve bus services first before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：代替交通がない利用者への負担を認めて段階的に導入。条件は「affordable public transport alternatives exist」、懸念は「workers without other travel options could face unfair costs」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問2｜Should governments subsidize renewable energy?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if subsidies demonstrably support projects that would not otherwise proceed. One possible benefit is additional clean-energy investment. Without safeguards, public money might subsidize projects already commercially viable. I would set clear eligibility and expiry rules before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：補助金の追加性と期限を条件にする。条件は「subsidies demonstrably support projects that would not otherwise proceed」、懸念は「public money might subsidize projects already commercially viable」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問3｜Should schools limit smartphone use?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if students can still use devices for supervised educational tasks. One possible benefit is greater concentration during lessons. Without safeguards, a blanket ban might block useful activities. I would create transparent exceptions for schoolwork before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：集中と学習上の活用を両立。条件は「students can still use devices for supervised educational tasks」、懸念は「a blanket ban might block useful activities」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問4｜Should universities require internships?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if placements are supervised and financially accessible. One possible benefit is practical exposure to careers. Without safeguards, unpaid internships could exclude less wealthy students. I would offer paid placements and equivalent alternatives before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：無給による格差と実習の質を確認。条件は「placements are supervised and financially accessible」、懸念は「unpaid internships could exclude less wealthy students」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問5｜Should companies allow remote work?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if teams can coordinate securely and regularly. One possible benefit is less commuting and more flexible work. Without safeguards, employees could become isolated. I would hold short team check-ins and review work quality before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：対面連携と情報安全を条件にする。条件は「teams can coordinate securely and regularly」、懸念は「employees could become isolated」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問6｜Should tourist destinations limit visitors?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if visitor numbers are already threatening fragile sites. One possible benefit is protection of local communities and ecosystems. Without safeguards, small tourism businesses might lose income. I would introduce timed entry and support alternative routes before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：観光地の保全と地域事業者の収入を比較。条件は「visitor numbers are already threatening fragile sites」、懸念は「small tourism businesses might lose income」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問7｜Should governments support preventive healthcare?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if programs target people with identifiable health needs. One possible benefit is earlier detection of some conditions. Without safeguards, unnecessary screening may lead to harm and higher costs. I would monitor both benefits and false positives before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：早期発見の利益と過剰検査の害を両方評価。条件は「programs target people with identifiable health needs」、懸念は「unnecessary screening may lead to harm and higher costs」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問8｜Should museums offer free admission?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if museums can maintain their collections and staff. One possible benefit is wider access to cultural learning. Without safeguards, lost ticket revenue might undermine conservation. I would start with free days and protect a conservation fund before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：無料化による財源不足を避ける。条件は「museums can maintain their collections and staff」、懸念は「lost ticket revenue might undermine conservation」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問9｜Should cities expand cycling infrastructure?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if routes are connected and protect pedestrians. One possible benefit is safer short journeys without cars. Without safeguards, poor junction design could create collisions. I would audit intersections before construction before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：自転車と歩行者の安全が前提。条件は「routes are connected and protect pedestrians」、懸念は「poor junction design could create collisions」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問10｜Should governments strengthen consumer protection?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if rules address verified consumer harm. One possible benefit is clearer contracts and fewer misleading sales. Without safeguards, small firms might face excessive compliance work. I would simplify procedures and target serious violations before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：規制の便益に応じて手続負担を調整。条件は「rules address verified consumer harm」、懸念は「small firms might face excessive compliance work」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問11｜Should public services become fully digital?
模範英語回答：Not fully. Digitizing routine applications can save time, but essential offline channels must remain available. Without them, older residents could be excluded. I would provide assisted computer access and maintain staffed counters alongside online services.
日本語解説：デジタル化だけでは使えない人を残さない。条件は「essential offline channels remain available」、懸念は「older residents could be excluded」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問12｜Should companies adopt four-day workweeks?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if a trial preserves essential service coverage. One possible benefit is more personal time for some employees. Without safeguards, reduced staffing might lower service quality. I would measure output and adjust shift coverage before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：週4日勤務は職種に応じた試験導入。条件は「a trial preserves essential service coverage」、懸念は「reduced staffing might lower service quality」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問13｜Should universities expand study-abroad programs?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if scholarships are available to students with limited resources. One possible benefit is broader international experience. Without safeguards, travel costs could favor wealthy families. I would add need-based funding and virtual exchanges before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：留学機会を所得に左右されないようにする。条件は「scholarships are available to students with limited resources」、懸念は「travel costs could favor wealthy families」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問14｜Should schools reduce homework?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if students still receive essential practice and feedback. One possible benefit is more time for independent study and sleep. Without safeguards, foundational skills might weaken. I would retain short diagnostic assignments before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：量ではなく必要な練習を維持。条件は「students still receive essential practice and feedback」、懸念は「foundational skills might weaken」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問15｜Should cities preserve historic districts?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if structural safety and maintenance are funded. One possible benefit is protection of local cultural identity. Without safeguards, costly repairs might divert money from urgent services. I would prioritize dangerous buildings and phase restoration before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：歴史保全と安全・公共予算を比較。条件は「structural safety and maintenance are funded」、懸念は「costly repairs might divert money from urgent services」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問16｜Should public data be freely available?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if privacy controls prevent identification of individuals. One possible benefit is greater scrutiny of public decisions. Without safeguards, sensitive information could be exposed. I would release aggregate datasets and conduct independent checks before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：公開と個人情報保護を両立。条件は「privacy controls prevent identification of individuals」、懸念は「sensitive information could be exposed」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問17｜Should companies disclose environmental risks?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if reported risks are material and properly verified. One possible benefit is better information for communities and investors. Without safeguards, disclosure could reveal legitimate trade secrets. I would use consistent definitions and redact sensitive details before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：企業の説明責任と営業機密を区別。条件は「reported risks are material and properly verified」、懸念は「disclosure could reveal legitimate trade secrets」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問18｜Should cities create more pedestrian areas?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if pedestrian access is safe for disabled residents and delivery needs are considered. One possible benefit is safer and more pleasant public space. Without safeguards, essential deliveries could be disrupted. I would provide loading access and step-free routes before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：歩行者と物流双方の必要に配慮。条件は「pedestrian access is safe for disabled residents and delivery needs are considered」、懸念は「essential deliveries could be disrupted」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問19｜Should governments regulate short-term rentals?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if housing shortages are supported by local evidence. One possible benefit is greater availability of residential homes. Without safeguards, small landlords may lose revenue. I would review outcomes and apply proportionate licensing before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：住宅供給と短期賃貸事業の影響を比較。条件は「housing shortages are supported by local evidence」、懸念は「small landlords may lose revenue」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問20｜Should schools use more project-based learning?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if projects do not displace basic literacy and numeracy. One possible benefit is stronger problem-solving and teamwork. Without safeguards, students may miss fundamental practice. I would combine projects with explicit foundational teaching before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：探究と基礎学力を両立。条件は「projects do not displace basic literacy and numeracy」、懸念は「students may miss fundamental practice」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問21｜Should universities expand career counseling?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if advisers offer reliable current information. One possible benefit is more informed course and job choices. Without safeguards, poor guidance could reinforce inaccurate assumptions. I would train advisers and update employer data before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：進路助言の質と更新が必要。条件は「advisers offer reliable current information」、懸念は「poor guidance could reinforce inaccurate assumptions」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問22｜Should companies provide childcare support?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if childcare support is designed fairly across the workforce. One possible benefit is fewer barriers for employees returning to work. Without safeguards, other workers may see unequal benefits. I would offer transparent eligibility and complementary benefits before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：育児と他の従業員の公平性を考慮。条件は「childcare support is designed fairly across the workforce」、懸念は「other workers may see unequal benefits」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問23｜Should governments raise taxes on private cars?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if drivers have reasonable alternatives or exemptions. One possible benefit is reduced unnecessary private-car use. Without safeguards, low-income commuters may be disproportionately affected. I would improve routes and provide income-sensitive relief before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：車両課税の負担格差を軽減。条件は「drivers have reasonable alternatives or exemptions」、懸念は「low-income commuters may be disproportionately affected」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問24｜Should cities expand green spaces?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if greenery is placed where heat and flood risks are high. One possible benefit is more shade and potential cooling. Without safeguards, land and maintenance costs can be significant. I would prioritize public sites and monitor temperatures before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：日陰の効果と維持費・土地の機会費用を検証。条件は「greenery is placed where heat and flood risks are high」、懸念は「land and maintenance costs can be significant」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問25｜Should libraries move more services online?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if librarians can still provide face-to-face assistance. One possible benefit is wider access to information. Without safeguards, some residents cannot use online systems independently. I would train staff and maintain accessible help desks before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：オンライン化と相談支援の両立。条件は「librarians can still provide face-to-face assistance」、懸念は「some residents cannot use online systems independently」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問26｜Should governments increase disaster-prevention spending?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if spending is based on local hazards and tested plans. One possible benefit is faster warnings and lower avoidable losses. Without safeguards, resources might be spent on ineffective facilities. I would conduct regular drills and independent reviews before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：防災費の有効性を実地に確認。条件は「spending is based on local hazards and tested plans」、懸念は「resources might be spent on ineffective facilities」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問27｜Should companies reduce unnecessary meetings?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if written updates preserve essential coordination. One possible benefit is more time for focused tasks. Without safeguards, unresolved disputes might be overlooked. I would keep short decision-making meetings before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：不要な会議と必要な会議を区別。条件は「written updates preserve essential coordination」、懸念は「unresolved disputes might be overlooked」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
問28｜Should schools teach financial literacy?
模範英語回答：Yes, but only if classes use neutral, practical materials. One possible benefit is better understanding of debt and risk. Without safeguards, commercial messages might influence teaching. I would review lessons independently and use realistic examples before expanding the policy.
日本語解説：金融教育を商品の販売から切り離す。条件は「classes use neutral, practical materials」、懸念は「commercial messages might influence teaching」。立場を保ちながら不利益を減らす実施策を述べている。
追質問への応用
各問について『What if the condition is not met?』と聞かれた場合を想定してください。条件が成立しなければ導入を見送る、段階的に行う、対象を限定するといった別案を提示します。政策の実際の費用や成功率など未確認の数値は創作しません。
FAQ
Q. Yes, but と言うと結論が弱くなりますか？ A. いいえ。条件をはっきり述べれば、適用範囲が明確になります。Q. 反対意見を全部説明すべきですか？ A. 面接では質問に最も関連する懸念を一つ選ぶ方が効果的です。Q. この28回答を丸暗記すべきですか？ A. 条件・理由・改善策の構造を新しい問題へ応用してください。
関連教材・公式出典
条件付き譲歩の別演習28問｜政策の利益・費用・リスク28問｜英検1級の二次面接形式（公式）
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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する