英検2級phishing・suspicious・verify・legitimateの違い｜偽メールと情報セキュリティの独自4長文40問【全訳】

英検2級のセキュリティ長文で押さえる7つの表現

読解の中心：「報告された（reported）」「疑いがある（suspected）」「確認済み（confirmed）」を区別します。No one has reported a paymentは「支払報告がない」であり、「支払った人が絶対にいない」の証明ではありません。

英検2級の公式試験内容では、Readingの長文内容一致はEメール・説明文を題材とする8問です。本記事は長文読解を強化するための独自40問で、実際の試験構成を再現した模試ではありません。英検協会の2級試験内容

独自長文1｜学校図書館の偽メール｜phishingと公式サイトでの確認

Subject: Warning About Fake Library Messages Dear students, Several students have reported receiving an email saying that their library accounts will be closed unless they enter their passwords within one hour. The email includes a link to a website that looks similar to the school’s library page. However, the address is not the library’s official web address. The library has not sent this message. It is a phishing attempt designed to collect login information. Students should not open the link or reply with their passwords. The library will never ask students to send their passwords by email. If you receive the suspicious message, take a screenshot of its sender address and report it to the school’s technology desk. Then open the school’s official homepage by typing its known address yourself and check library notices there. Do not use the link contained in the suspicious email, even if the message uses the school’s logo. Students who already entered a password on the fake page should change it immediately through the real school system and contact the technology desk. The school is investigating the reports, but it has not confirmed that every recipient’s account was accessed. Library and Technology Team

内容一致・事実確認10問

問1｜What does the suspicious email claim will happen within an hour?

1. Library accounts may be closed unless passwords are entered.
2. Books will be delivered to students’ homes.
3. Students must pay a fee for new textbooks.
4. The school’s official website will change its address.

問2｜What is unusual about the linked website?

1. It includes no school-related pictures.
2. It has a different address from the official library site.
3. It allows students to search for books.
4. It was created before the school opened.

問3｜Who sent the password request according to the library?

1. The library staff.
2. The school principal.
3. The museum director.
4. An unknown party behind a phishing attempt.

問4｜What information is the phishing message intended to collect?

1. Students’ library book reviews.
2. Dates of school holidays.
3. Login information.
4. Names of recently published books.

問5｜What does the library say it will never request by email?

1. A list of recommended books.
2. Students’ passwords.
3. A description of a damaged book.
4. A request for a reading event.

問6｜What should a recipient report to the school?

1. The suspicious message and sender address.
2. Every library book they borrowed.
3. Their password in plain text.
4. The name of every student in class.

問7｜How should students check legitimate library announcements?

1. Open the suspicious email’s link.
2. Reply to the sender for instructions.
3. Use the school’s logo as proof.
4. Type the known official website address themselves.

問8｜Why is a school logo insufficient to prove a message is genuine?

1. Only printed letters may contain logos.
2. School logos must be changed every hour.
3. A fake message may also display the logo.
4. The official library uses no images.

問9｜What should students do if they entered a password on the fake page?

1. Wait until next term.
2. Change it through the real system and contact staff.
3. Send it to classmates as a warning.
4. Create another account on the fake site.

問10｜What has the school NOT confirmed?

1. That every recipient’s account was accessed.
2. That a suspicious message was reported.
3. That the library has an official site.
4. That staff are investigating the reports.

独自長文2｜科学館の偽チケット通知｜secure paymentとverify booking

Subject: Ticket Security Notice for the Planetarium The city planetarium has discovered messages claiming that visitors must pay a second fee to keep their reservations. These messages ask customers to scan a code and enter their card details on an unfamiliar payment page. The planetarium has not authorized this request. Visitors who paid when they booked already have valid tickets, provided their original confirmation numbers match the records in the planetarium’s booking system. The planetarium will not demand an additional payment through a text message. A message that looks urgent does not by itself prove that a reservation is at risk. To verify a booking, visitors should use the official ticket website linked from the planetarium’s homepage or contact its published telephone number. They should not rely on the telephone number inside the suspicious message. The staff can check a reservation using its confirmation number but will not ask customers to read out the complete card number. The planetarium has temporarily disabled an old booking-information page while it improves security. This does not mean the shows have been canceled. The Saturday show remains scheduled for 4 p.m., and its ticket holders should arrive fifteen minutes early. Ticket Office

内容一致・事実確認10問

問11｜What do the suspicious messages demand?

1. A second ticket payment.
2. A review of the show.
3. A donation to an art museum.
4. A new photograph of the visitor.

問12｜Where do the messages direct customers?

1. To an official telephone desk.
2. To an unfamiliar payment page via a code.
3. To a printed map in the lobby.
4. To the school’s library page.

問13｜Has the planetarium authorized the additional payment request?

1. Only for weekend shows.
2. Only for visitors without smartphones.
3. Yes, through a text message.
4. No, it has not.

問14｜When are tickets from the original booking valid?

1. Only after another fee is paid.
2. Only if visitors arrive an hour early.
3. When confirmation numbers match official booking records.
4. Only if the message uses the planetarium logo.

問15｜What does an urgent-looking message NOT prove?

1. That a customer received a message.
2. That the reservation is actually at risk.
3. That some visitors use phones.
4. That the planetarium has a booking system.

問16｜How should a visitor verify a reservation?

1. Use the official website or published telephone number.
2. Call the number inside the suspicious message.
3. Enter card details on any linked page.
4. Send complete card numbers by email.

問17｜What can staff use to check a reservation?

1. The visitor’s bank password.
2. The exact card security code.
3. The name of an unrelated school.
4. The original confirmation number.

問18｜What information will staff NOT ask to be read aloud?

1. The show date.
2. The reservation number.
3. The complete card number.
4. The number of visitors.

問19｜What has happened to the old booking-information page?

1. It has been replaced by a sports website.
2. It has been temporarily disabled.
3. It is permanently the only way to buy tickets.
4. It has canceled every show.

問20｜When should Saturday ticket holders arrive?

1. At 3:45 p.m.
2. At 4:15 p.m.
3. At 5:00 p.m.
4. At noon.

独自長文3｜学校のデータ保護｜breach・suspected・confirmedの違い

A School Portal Security Update A school noticed unusual attempts to sign in to its online homework portal. On Monday, the technology team detected repeated unsuccessful login attempts from several unfamiliar devices. The team immediately blocked those attempts and began investigating. By Wednesday, the school had confirmed that no assignments were changed through the suspicious logins. However, it was still checking whether any account information had been viewed without permission. Therefore, the school described the incident as a suspected security breach rather than saying that personal information had definitely been stolen. As a precaution, the school required all portal users to create new passwords by Friday. Students were instructed to use the official portal, not a link sent by an unknown person. The school also added a second verification step for new devices. Parents asked whether the portal would close. The technology team replied that the portal would remain available for homework submissions, although users might have to sign in again. A full report will be released after the investigation. The school has not announced that every account was affected. Technology Support

内容一致・事実確認10問

問21｜What first alerted the school to a possible problem?

1. Repeated unsuccessful login attempts.
2. A lost shipment of textbooks.
3. A change to the school calendar.
4. A shortage of computers for exams.

問22｜When did the technology team detect the attempts?

1. Friday.
2. Monday.
3. Wednesday.
4. Saturday.

問23｜What did the team do immediately?

1. Close all classes for a month.
2. Delete every assignment.
3. Publish a final investigation report.
4. Block the attempts and investigate.

問24｜What was confirmed by Wednesday?

1. All personal information had been stolen.
2. Every account had been changed.
3. No assignments were changed through the suspicious logins.
4. The portal had permanently closed.

問25｜What was still under investigation?

1. Whether account information had been viewed without permission.
2. Whether the school had a homework portal.
3. Whether students had assignments.
4. Whether Monday came before Wednesday.

問26｜Why did the school use the word suspected?

1. Because there was no technology team.
2. Because theft of personal information had not been established.
3. Because it had canceled the report.
4. Because the portal had never been used.

問27｜By when were users asked to create new passwords?

1. Monday.
2. Wednesday.
3. The end of the year.
4. Friday.

問28｜What extra security measure was introduced?

1. A new ticket price.
2. A school uniform inspection.
3. A second verification step for new devices.
4. A printed library card.

問29｜What did the school say about homework submissions?

1. The portal would remain available.
2. Students could no longer submit any homework.
3. Only parents could submit homework.
4. Submissions would move to a museum website.

問30｜When will the full report be released?

1. Before the investigation begins.
2. After the investigation.
3. Exactly one hour after the Monday attempts.
4. Never.

独自長文4｜地域イベントの安全通知｜fraudulent・legitimate・verify

Avoiding Fraudulent Messages About a Volunteer Event The Community River Festival invited volunteers to register for a cleanup day. After registration opened, several people received messages asking them to pay a “verification fee” to secure their place. These messages were not sent by the organizers, and the event is free for all confirmed volunteers. The organizers published a warning on their official website. They explained that a legitimate confirmation email would include the volunteer’s registration number and the location of the meeting point but would never request card information. Volunteers who are unsure about a message should check its details using the contact information on the official site. The warning also distinguished a reported attempt from a confirmed loss. Seven volunteers reported the suspicious messages. Two said they had opened the link, but no one had reported making a payment as of Friday. The organizers were still investigating, so they did not claim that no one could have been harmed. The event remains planned for Sunday, with volunteers meeting at 8:30 a.m. at the north entrance. If the weather changes, a new schedule will be posted on the official website rather than through an unfamiliar payment link. Festival Office

内容一致・事実確認10問

問31｜What did the suspicious messages ask volunteers to pay?

1. An annual membership fee.
2. A fee for the cleanup equipment.
3. A verification fee.
4. A bus ticket charge.

問32｜How much does the event cost confirmed volunteers?

1. Nothing.
2. The amount in the suspicious message.
3. A fee at the meeting point.
4. The price of a library membership.

問33｜Where did organizers publish the warning?

1. In a paper textbook.
2. At an unrelated store.
3. On every volunteer’s bank account.
4. On their official website.

問34｜What would a legitimate confirmation email include?

1. The volunteer’s complete card number.
2. A registration number and meeting location.
3. A password-change link to an unknown website.
4. A demand for an extra fee.

問35｜What would a genuine message never ask for?

1. Card information.
2. A registration number.
3. A meeting location.
4. The date of the event.

問36｜How many volunteers reported suspicious messages?

1. Two.
2. Five.
3. Seven.
4. Eight.

問37｜How many people reported opening the suspicious link?

1. Zero.
2. Seven.
3. Three.
4. Two.

問38｜How many payments had been reported by Friday?

1. Seven.
2. None.
3. Two.
4. Five.

問39｜What conclusion about harm was NOT justified?

1. That harm was impossible because no payment reports had been received.
2. That seven people had reported suspicious messages.
3. That the organizers were investigating.
4. That two people had opened the link.

問40｜When and where are volunteers expected to meet?

1. Saturday at 8:30 a.m. at the station.
2. Sunday at 9:00 a.m. at the south entrance.
3. Sunday at 8:30 a.m. at the north entrance.
4. Friday at noon at the museum.

40問の正答一覧

長文1：1A／2B／3D／4C／5B／6A／7D／8C／9B／10A

長文2：11A／12B／13D／14C／15B／16A／17D／18C／19B／20A

長文3：21A／22B／23D／24C／25A／26B／27D／28C／29A／30B

長文4：31C／32A／33D／34B／35A／36C／37D／38B／39A／40C

実力を定着させる7日間の復習

初日は40問を解き、翌日に各英文の「誰から届いたか」「何を要求したか」「本物の確認方法」「確定した事実と調査中の内容」を4行で要約します。3日目は本文のhowever, although, unless, not confirmed, neverを含む文を抜き出します。7日目は全問の選択肢を隠して本文から正答の根拠を自分で英語で説明し、誤答を集中的にやり直してください。

FAQ

phishingと単なる広告メールはどう違いますか？

phishingは偽装した通知などを利用して、パスワード・決済情報などを騙し取ろうとする行為です。実際の判定は送信元・要求内容など複数の根拠を確認します。

本物のロゴがあるメールなら安全ですか？

ロゴなどの外見だけでは判断できません。不審なリンクは使用せず、既知の公式サイトや公表された窓口で確認するという本文の指示を読み取りましょう。

suspectedとconfirmedをどう読み分けますか？

suspectedは疑いの段階、confirmedは確認済みの事実を表します。may have been accessedとwas accessedの違いも重要です。

英検2級の公式過去問ですか？

いいえ。慶英会が独自作成した練習教材です。公式試験情報は英検協会のページをご確認ください。

関連する慶英会の無料教材

• 英検2級の申込不備・添付ファイルのEメール40問
• 英検2級の会員更新・自動更新・同意設定40問
• 英検2級の無料教材一覧

英検2級の長文読解や中高一貫校の英語学習のご相談は、慶英会の最大1か月無料体験・お問い合わせへ。

出典・著作権

出題形式参照：英検協会・2級の試験内容。英文・設問・選択肢・全文和訳・解説は慶英会独自制作です。