英検2級permission・consent・authorization・licenseの違い44問｜許可・同意・認可・免許【全解答】

問1

Students need their teacher’s ______ before borrowing laboratory equipment for use outside school.

1. permission
2. permissioned
3. license plate
4. compensation

問2

The research team asked parents for informed ______ before including children’s personal information in its survey.

1. license
2. consent
3. warranty
4. transportation

問3

Only the safety coordinator can issue written ______ for the electrical demonstration at the festival.

1. allowance to
2. consent of visitors
3. authorization
4. attendance

問4

The bus driver must hold a valid driving ______ for the type of vehicle being used.

1. permission from school
2. consent of customers
3. approval letter
4. license

問5

The museum will not let students publish the photo without the copyright holder’s ______.

1. permission
2. salary
3. schedule
4. inspection

問6

Participants were asked to give their ______ before interviews were recorded and shared with researchers.

1. driver’s license
2. consent
3. ticket fare
4. maintenance

問7

The museum has to obtain official ______ before moving certain protected objects to another institution.

1. survey
2. volunteer training
3. authorization
4. refund

問8

A professional vehicle operator must have the correct ______ to drive a large bus.

1. permission to read
2. consent to the meeting
3. application receipt
4. license

問9

The students asked for ______ to use the classroom after normal school hours.

1. permission
2. consent form for patients
3. insurance
4. warranty

問10

Researchers must explain the study clearly and ask for ______ before collecting identifiable personal information.

1. refund
2. consent
3. maintenance
4. departure

問11

The exhibition manager said the automatic email was only a receipt, not final ______ from the safety team.

1. student attendance
2. general timetable
3. authorization
4. payment

問12

The tour company checked that its driver had a current ______ before the school trip.

1. survey form
2. permission to be late
3. photograph
4. license

問13

The teacher gave ______ for students to use the public computers during the evening session.

1. permission
2. compensation
3. consent to a photo
4. warranty

問14

The questionnaire told participants that they could withdraw their ______ to the use of their interview recordings.

1. fare
2. consent
3. driving license
4. registration charge

問15

Employees were not allowed to operate the machine without written ______ from the designated safety officer.

1. workshop schedule
2. response to email
3. authorization
4. admission fee

問16

The visitor was told that showing a valid driver’s ______ was necessary for renting a vehicle.

1. consent
2. permission letter
3. receipt
4. license

問17

先生の許可なく機器を使わないでください。

問18

研究チームは参加者の同意を求めました。

問19

その展示には安全責任者の正式な認可が必要です。

問20

その運転手には有効な免許が必要です。

問21

私はその写真の公開許可を得ていません。

問22

同意を求める前に説明を行ってください。

問23

自動返信は最終的な認可ではありません。

問24

その車両を運転する免許を確認してください。

問25

司書は私たちに資料を使用する許可を与えました。

問26

参加者は録音利用への同意を撤回しました。

問27

正式な認可が出るまで実演を開始してはいけません。

問28

免許を持っていてもすべての機械を操作できるわけではありません。

問29

The teacher gave the students a driving license to enter the classroom.

問30

The team collected data without asking participants for informed permission to participate and assumed consent was automatic.

問31

The receipt means the electrical equipment has final authorization.

問32

The bus driver showed a consent form instead of a driving license.

問33

Can I have license to borrow one book for the afternoon?

問34

The museum will upload all identifiable photographs because one visitor consented.

問35

The applicant has the license of the safety coordinator’s final written authorization.

問36

The researcher was told that the consent automatically lasted forever and could never be withdrawn.

学校研究発表会｜撮影と公開の条件

The school science forum allows students to display research photographs, but teams must check the rights for public use. Receiving a photograph from a resident does not automatically grant permission to publish it online. If the image shows identifiable children, the organizers also ask teams to follow the relevant consent procedures. Students using electrical models need written authorization from a designated safety coordinator after inspection. An automatic file-upload receipt confirms only that the file arrived. It is not proof that publication permission or equipment authorization has been obtained. Teams that cannot use a model may present approved diagrams instead. The school advises participants to finish all checks before the submission deadline.

問37｜What is needed before publicly displaying a resident’s photograph?

問38｜What does the automatic file receipt establish?

地域の医療研究に関する説明

A public health team invited adults to take part in a voluntary study about sleep habits. The researchers explained what information they would collect, why it was needed, and how it would be used. They asked participants for consent before recording interviews. Taking part was optional, and declining did not affect access to ordinary community services. The team trained interviewers to distinguish consent from the separate permission needed to use certain public facilities. All researchers were required to follow the approved data-handling procedure. The organizers did not treat a registration email as proof that a person had agreed to every future use of their information.

問39｜What happens before interviews are recorded?

問40｜Does registering mean agreeing to all future uses of data?

博物館の保存資料を移動する

A museum wanted to lend several valuable objects to a neighboring institution. The curator had permission from the museum director to prepare the documents, but the actual transport still required authorization from a separate authority under the museum’s procedures. The objects also needed suitable packaging and insurance. Staff checked the condition of each item and recorded its historical sources. Some volunteers thought that the director’s initial permission allowed them to start transport immediately. The curator explained that permission to prepare paperwork and final authorization to move the objects were two different stages.

問41｜What was the curator first permitted to do?

問42｜Why could the objects not be moved immediately?

町の小型バスの試験運行

A town tested a small evening bus service between a railway station and a hospital. Drivers were required to hold valid licenses for the vehicles they operated. The town also had to complete its separate authorization and safety procedures before the trial began. Residents gave feedback about the route, but answering a survey did not mean they had given permission for personal details to be published online. Officials explained how feedback could be used and checked necessary consent requirements for identifiable comments. The trial continued for several months, with passenger counts and operating costs recorded before any decision on a permanent service.

問43｜What must bus drivers have?

問44｜Does a survey answer automatically permit public use of personal details?