英検1級の英文要約では、文章の各文を均等に短くするより、「主張→理由→結果」という論理の骨格を先に取るとまとめやすくなります。この記事では、3層構造を見抜いて一つの要約へ再構成する独自30問を掲載します。
3層を先に取る
- Claim：何を主張しているか
- Reason：なぜそう言えるのか
- Result：その結果、何が起きるのか
独自30問
- Public transportation should be improved because reliable services can reduce dependence on cars, resulting in less congestion.
- Schools should teach financial literacy because students need practical knowledge, which can reduce avoidable financial mistakes.
- Governments should support preventive healthcare because early treatment can lower long-term costs.
- Cities should expand green spaces because vegetation can reduce heat, improving local living conditions.
- Companies should reduce unnecessary meetings because employees need more focused work time, which can improve productivity.
- Universities should expand internships because practical experience helps students understand careers.
- Libraries should improve digital services because remote residents need access to information, increasing educational opportunities.
- Governments should improve disaster preparedness because early planning can reduce damage.
- Cities should encourage cycling because safe routes provide alternatives to cars, potentially reducing traffic.
- Companies should disclose environmental risks because transparency allows stakeholders to make informed decisions.
- Schools should teach media literacy because students face large amounts of online information.
- Tourist destinations should manage visitor numbers because overcrowding can damage infrastructure and local quality of life.
- Governments should protect historic areas because cultural assets can support community identity.
- Companies should support working parents because flexible arrangements can reduce work-family conflict.
- Universities should expand career counseling because students may not know which industries fit their skills.
- Public services should simplify applications because complicated procedures discourage some users.
- Governments should support renewable energy because it can reduce dependence on imported fuels.
- Cities should create pedestrian areas because safer streets encourage walking and local activity.
- Schools should use project-based learning because practical collaboration develops communication skills.
- Companies should invest in training because workers need to adapt to technological change.
- Governments should strengthen consumer protection because online transactions can create information gaps.
- Museums should expand digital access because online materials can reach people who cannot visit in person.
- Healthcare systems should emphasize prevention because serious conditions may be detected earlier.
- Governments should improve digital public services because online procedures can shorten waiting times.
- Cities should improve bus frequency because reliable services make public transportation more practical.
- Schools should reduce unnecessary homework because students need time for sleep and independent study.
- Companies should offer flexible schedules because employees have different family responsibilities.
- Universities should expand exchange programs because international experience can broaden perspectives.
- Governments should improve access to public data because researchers can use it to identify social problems.
- Local governments should maintain physical service centers because some residents cannot use digital tools easily.
3層を1～2文へ再構成する
例えば「Cities should improve bus frequency because reliable services make public transportation practical, which can reduce car use and congestion.」のように、理由と結果を一つの文へまとめます。原文の因果関係を勝手に追加しないことが重要です。
要約で残す優先順位
- まずClaim
- 次に主要Reason
- 最後に重要なResultや限定条件
具体例、固有名詞、細かな数字は、それ自体が文章の中心でない限り後回しにします。英検1級の英文要約は90〜110語なので、論理の骨格を優先してください。
参考にした主な公式情報
- 公益財団法人 日本英語検定協会「1級の試験内容」
- 公益財団法人 日本英語検定協会「各級の審査基準」