NEW TREASURE Stage4・5の書き換え問題を得点源にする｜同意文・文法変換40問

NEW TREASURE Stage4・5の定期テストで書き換え問題が出るとき、単に元の文を暗記しているだけでは対応できません。意味を保ったまま、時制、助動詞、受動態、比較、不定詞・動名詞、関係詞などの形を変える力が必要です。この記事では、本文転載ではなく慶英会独自の例文で、書き換え問題を40問練習します。

結論：書き換えは「意味を固定して形だけ変える」

最初に元の文の意味と時制、主語・目的語の関係を確定し、その後で指定された表現へ変換します。形を変える前に意味の骨格を取ることが重要です。

独自40問｜同じ意味を保って書き換える

• 1. “He started studying English three years ago.” を “for” を使って書き換えよ。
• 2. “The students cleaned the room.” を受動態にせよ。
• 3. “I have never seen such a useful tool.” を “before” を使って書き換えよ。
• 4. “This bag is cheaper than that one.” を同じ意味で書き換えよ。
• 5. “Because he was tired, he went home early.” を “so” を使って書き換えよ。
• 6. “Although it was raining, they played outside.” を “but” を使って書き換えよ。
• 7. “It is important for students to check evidence.” を動名詞を使って書き換えよ。
• 8. “She is too young to drive.” を “so” を使って書き換えよ。
• 9. “The book which was written by Ken was popular.” を分詞を使って書き換えよ。
• 10. “I know the reason why he left.” を関係詞を使わない表現へ直せ。
• 11. “He may be late.” を “It is possible…” で書き換えよ。
• 12. “You do not have to come.” を “need” を使って書き換えよ。
• 13. “If I had more time, I would read more.” を意味を変えずに別表現へ。
• 14. “She is the tallest student in the class.” を比較級で書き換えよ。
• 15. “No other city is as large as this one.” を最上級を使って書き換えよ。
• 16. “I am interested in science.” を “interest” を使った形へ。
• 17. “He said that he was busy.” を直接話法へ戻せ。
• 18. “People say that the town is safe.” を “is said…” を使って書き換えよ。
• 19. “The test was so difficult that many students struggled.” を “too” を使って書き換えられるか。
• 20. “He was so tired that he could not continue.” を “too…to” へ。
• 21. “I bought this book because I needed it.” を “needed” が原因だと明確にして別表現へ。
• 22. “I have lived here since 2022.” を “for” を使って書き換えよ。
• 23. “She finished the work before lunch.” を “had finished” を使って過去の順序を明確にせよ。
• 24. “The man who lives next door is a doctor.” を分詞を使って書き換えよ。
• 25. “It is difficult to explain the idea.” を “difficulty” を使って書き換えよ。
• 26. “He decided to leave.” を “decision” を使った表現へ変えよ。
• 27. “She succeeded because she worked hard.” を名詞形を使って再構成せよ。
• 28. “The students were happy because the test was easy.” を原因と結果を保って別表現へ。
• 29. “I prefer tea to coffee.” を “rather” を使って書き換えよ。
• 30. “He is not as tall as his brother.” を比較級で書き換えよ。
• 31. “Only a few students understood the point.” の意味を変えない別表現へ。
• 32. “Not all students agreed.” を “some” を使って書き換えよ。
• 33. “It is said that he is honest.” を “He is said…” に変えよ。
• 34. “The problem was solved by the team.” を能動態へ。
• 35. “I stopped using my phone at night.” を意味を保って言い換えよ。
• 36. “He stopped to talk to the teacher.” と “stopped talking…” の意味の違いを説明せよ。
• 37. “She remembered meeting him.” と “remembered to meet him” の違いを説明せよ。
• 38. 書き換えで時制を勝手に変えてはいけない理由は？
• 39. 書き換え後に最初に確認するものは？
• 40. 書き換え問題の最終目標を一文で説明せよ。

40問の解答・要点

1 He has studied English for three years. 2 The room was cleaned by the students. 3 I have never seen such a useful tool before. 4 That bag is more expensive than this one. 5 He was tired, so he went home early. 6 It was raining, but they played outside. 7 Checking evidence is important for students. 8 She is so young that she cannot drive. 9 The book written by Ken was popular. 10 I know the reason for his leaving. 11 It is possible that he will be late. 12 You need not come. 13 文脈に合う別表現で仮定の意味を維持。14 She is taller than any other student in the class. 15 This city is the largest of all the cities. 16 Science interests me. 17 He said, “I am busy.” 18 The town is said to be safe. 19 文脈上 “too” への単純変換は不可の場合があるため、意味と条件を確認。20 He was too tired to continue. 21 I needed the book, so I bought it. 22 I have lived here for several years. 23 She had finished the work before lunch. 24 The man living next door is a doctor. 25 There is difficulty in explaining the idea. 26 He made a decision to leave. 27 Her success was due to her hard work. 28 The test was easy, so the students were happy. 29 I would rather drink tea than coffee. 30 His brother is taller than he is. 31 Few students understood the point. 32 Some students did not agree. 33 He is said to be honest. 34 The team solved the problem. 35 I no longer use my phone at night. 36 stop to doは「〜するために立ち止まる」、stop doingは「〜するのをやめる」。37 remember doingは過去の行為を覚えている、remember to doは「忘れずに〜する」。38 意味関係が変わるから。39 元文との意味一致。40 指定された形へ変えても元文の意味を正確に保てること。

書き換え3段階

• ①元文の時制・主語・意味を確定。
• ②指定された表現へ変換。
• ③元文と書き換え後を比較して意味が同じか確認。

書き換え問題は「似た文を書く」問題ではありません。意味の保存が最優先です。

まとめ

NEW TREASURE Stage4・5の書き換えでは、文法項目を単独で覚えるだけでなく、同じ意味を別の形で表現する力が必要です。時制、比較、受動態、不定詞・動名詞、関係詞などを「意味固定→形変換→意味確認」の順で練習してください。

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慶英会 塾長｜慶應義塾大学卒・英検1級。中高一貫校の学校英語・NEW TREASURE・英検対策を専門としています。塾長の経歴・指導方針を確認する