英検2級predict・forecast・estimate・expect・anticipateの違い｜独自40問・全訳と詳しい解説

predict・forecast・estimate・expect・anticipateの使い分け

実際の英語では意味が重なる場合もありますが、数量の概算なのか、将来の予測なのか、準備を伴う予期なのかを本文で確認すると選びやすくなります。

Part1｜英単語・連語の独自20問

問1

Weather experts will ______ strong winds for the coast tomorrow.

1. forecast
2. estimate
3. request
4. collect

問2

The town needs to ______ the approximate cost of repairing the bridge using written quotations from three contractors before applying for funding.

1. replace
2. estimate
3. donate
4. postpone

問3

Scientists are trying to ______ how a change in temperature may affect the experiment.

1. expect
2. estimate
3. predict
4. prepare

問4

The organizers decided to bring extra water because they ______ a hot afternoon.

1. estimate
2. forecast
3. describe
4. anticipated

問5

We ______ that about fifty students will attend, but the final number is unknown.

1. expect
2. count
3. submit
4. verify

問6

The museum has asked an engineer to ______ the amount of time needed for the repair.

1. approve
2. estimate
3. postpone
4. preserve

問7

The computer model is designed to ______ the movement of the storm.

1. estimate
2. request
3. predict
4. agree

問8

The library prepared a second room because staff had ______ that more people might arrive.

1. estimated
2. forecast
3. calculated
4. anticipated

問9

The latest weather ______ suggests rain in the late afternoon.

1. forecast
2. estimate
3. request
4. survey

問10

Please ______ how many chairs we will need before ordering more.

1. return
2. estimate
3. decorate
4. borrow

問11

Researchers hope to ______ which plants will survive a longer dry season.

1. expect
2. collect
3. predict
4. notify

問12

We ______ heavy traffic near the stadium, so we left an hour earlier.

1. estimated
2. proved
3. revised
4. anticipated

問13

The center does not ______ every visitor to bring equipment because basic tools are provided.

1. expect
2. estimate
3. forecast
4. calculate

問14

The school needs to ______ its printing expenses for the next term.

1. persuade
2. estimate
3. translate
4. prove

問15

A reliable model should ______ future changes without claiming perfect accuracy.

1. estimate
2. instruct
3. predict
4. borrow

問16

Organizers had ______ the need for accessible seating and reserved spaces in advance.

1. dismissed
2. observed
3. forgotten
4. anticipated

問17

The newspaper published a ______ of next year’s tourism demand.

1. forecast
2. measurement
3. permission
4. receipt

問18

The researcher tried to ______ how many visitors had attended last Saturday using a sample of ticket records.

1. postpone
2. estimate
3. anticipate
4. broadcast

問19

The students were asked to ______ what would happen if the experiment were repeated in colder weather.

1. collect
2. edit
3. predict
4. rent

問20

The museum had ______ long lines during the holiday and assigned extra staff.

1. recorded
2. estimated
3. ignored
4. anticipated

Part2｜指定語で意味を保つ書き換え8問

問21

The staff calculated an approximate repair cost of twelve thousand dollars.

指定語：estimate

問22

Experts said that rain was likely tomorrow in their official weather report.

指定語：forecast

問23

The team used a mathematical model to say what may happen next.

指定語：predict

問24

They prepared additional chairs because they thought more guests might arrive.

指定語：anticipate

問25

We believe that the exhibition will attract many families.

指定語：expect

問26

The school calculated a rough number of textbooks needed.

指定語：estimate

問27

The transport office made a report about possible bus demand next year.

指定語：forecast

問28

They prepared an indoor location because they thought the weather might become dangerous.

指定語：anticipate

Part3｜オリジナル長文3題・内容一致12問

気象予報と出席者数の見積もり、事前準備、測定済みの結果を区別します。

長文1｜市立公園の雨天イベント

A city park planned a weekend event for families. Two weeks earlier, the organizers estimated that approximately 200 people might attend, based on attendance at similar events. This was a rough estimate, not an official count of registrations.

Three days before the event, the weather forecast suggested heavy rain on Saturday afternoon. Organizers anticipated possible difficulties and prepared a smaller indoor program as an alternative. They told participants that a final decision would be announced on Friday.

The event eventually took place indoors. Exactly 146 people attended. The organizers said their initial estimate had been useful for preparing equipment, but it did not accurately predict actual attendance. They plan to compare forecasts, estimates, and records when organizing the next event.

問29：What was estimated two weeks before the event?

1. The possible number of attendees
2. The exact number of employees
3. The number of rainy days in a year
4. The cost of every tree in the park

問30：What information came from the weather forecast?

1. A confirmed total of 146 attendees
2. A possibility of heavy rain
3. A report on material prices
4. A list of speakers

問31：How did organizers respond to possible rain?

1. They ignored the forecast
2. They bought more outdoor chairs
3. They prepared an indoor alternative
4. They canceled every future event

問32：Which number was a measured outcome rather than an estimate?

1. Approximately 200
2. More than 200
3. A forecast of 200
4. Exactly 146 attendees

長文2｜バス路線の利用数と需要予測

A town is considering whether to introduce an additional evening bus. Officials forecast that the new service could be useful for residents who work late, but they still need to assess costs. A transport planner estimated the monthly cost at twenty thousand dollars, based on driver hours and energy use.

To avoid underestimating difficulties, the office anticipated possible delays near the railway station and included extra time in a trial timetable. It also surveyed residents about their travel needs. The survey showed interest in evening travel, but this did not prove how many people would actually use a bus.

After a short trial, the town counted 1,500 passenger trips. The figure recorded journeys rather than distinct individuals. Officials will compare the forecast, the estimated budget, and actual operating costs before deciding whether the bus should become permanent.

問33：What did the planner estimate?

1. The number of local schools
2. The monthly operating cost
3. Every resident’s income
4. The exact future number of riders

問34：Why was extra time added to the trial timetable?

1. The office wanted more advertisements
2. The route was permanently closed
3. Possible delays were anticipated
4. All buses were already late

問35：What did the survey fail to prove?

1. Whether anyone lived in town
2. Whether the route passed a station
3. Whether transport demand existed
4. How many people would actually ride

問36：What does 1,500 describe?

1. Passenger trips, not unique people
2. Individual people counted exactly
3. New buses purchased
4. The price of the trial

長文3｜学校の発表準備と実測

A school science club wanted to predict how small plants might grow under different levels of sunlight. The students used earlier experiments to make predictions, then measured actual growth for three weeks.

The club estimated that it would need approximately forty containers, but the final materials list included exactly thirty-six. The teacher anticipated that some plants might be damaged during transport and prepared extra space for replacements. The weather forecast was also checked before students moved plants outside.

After the experiment, the results differed from some of the original predictions. The teacher explained that a prediction is an informed statement about what may happen, not proof of what did happen. The class plans to revise its explanations and repeat measurements before presenting final conclusions.

問37：What did the students use to make their predictions?

1. Earlier experiments
2. A list of bus routes
3. Museum ticket prices
4. The students’ height

問38：How many containers were in the final list?

1. Approximately forty
2. Exactly thirty-six
3. At least fifty
4. Nearly one hundred

問39：What did the teacher anticipate?

1. That the club would stop working
2. That every plant would grow equally
3. Possible damage during transport
4. That no weather forecast was necessary

問40：What did the teacher say about predictions?

1. They are always proven facts
2. They are the same as measurements
3. They must never be revised
4. They do not prove what actually happened

全40問の解答一覧

語法：1A／2B／3C／4D／5A／6B／7C／8D／9A／10B／11C／12D／13A／14B／15C／16D／17A／18B／19C／20D

書き換えは各設問内の模範英文をご覧ください。

長文：29A／30B／31C／32D／33B／34C／35D／36A／37A／38B／39C／40D

7日間の復習

初日は語法20問、翌日は書換8問、3日目は長文12問を解きます。4日目にforecastとpredict、5日目にestimateとexpect、6日目にanticipateと準備の関係を例文で確認し、7日目に誤答を解説なしで解き直してください。

FAQ

forecastとpredictは必ず違う意味ですか？

意味が重なることもあります。ただしweather forecastやsales forecastは定型的な組み合わせであり、predict the outcomeは結果の予測で広く使えます。

estimateは将来のことにしか使えませんか？

いいえ。現在の人数・過去の費用など正確に計測できない数の概算にも使えます。

anticipateとexpectはどう違いますか？

どちらも予想を表しますが、anticipateは事前に問題を見越して備える文脈で用いられることが多い語です。

英検協会の過去問ですか？

いいえ。慶英会のオリジナル40課題です。

関連する無料教材

• 英検2級無料模試第181セット・独自33題
• nearly・about・exactlyの数値表現40問
• 英検2級無料問題・教材総合一覧

中高一貫校の英語・英検2級対策の相談は慶英会の最大1か月無料体験・お問い合わせをご利用ください。

参考公式情報

日本英語検定協会｜英検2級の試験内容。設問・例文・和訳は慶英会が独自制作しました。